The Great Replacement conspiracy theory - Wikipedia

The great replacement (French: le grand remplacement) is a right-wing conspiracy theory,[1][2][3][4][5] which states that the white Catholic French population, and white Christian European population at large,[6] is being systematically replaced with non-European people,[5] specifically Middle Eastern, North and Sub-Saharan African populations,[3] through mass migration and demographic growth. It associates the presence of Muslims in France with potential danger and destruction of French culture and civilization.[7]

The conspiracy theory commonly apportions blame to a global and liberal elite,[6] such as Brussels and the European Union, which is portrayed as directing a planned and deliberate plot or scheme to carry out the replacement of European peoples.[4]

The theory has been popularized by Renaud Camus. This notion of replacement, or of white genocide, has echoed throughout the rhetoric of many anti-migrant right wing movements in the West.[8] Among its main promoters are not only right wing populist parties but also a wide-ranging network of protest movements (e.g., Pegida), ideological groupuscules (e.g., bloc identitaire),[9] bloggers (e.g., Fjordman), and noted intellectuals (e.g., Eric Zemmour). Prominent right-wing websites such as Gates of Vienna, Politically Incorrect, and France de Souche have provided a platform for bloggers to diffuse and popularize the conspiracy theory.[10]

Origins [ edit ]

The theory of the great replacement can be traced back to the 1973 novel Le Camp des Saints by Jean Raspail which depicts the collapse of Western culture owing to an overwhelming "tidal wave" of Third World immigration. The novel, along with the theory of Eurabia developed by the Swiss-Israeli writer Bat Ye'or in 2005, set the ground then for Renaud Camus to develop and present his book entitled The Great Replacement in 2012.[11] Credited as the "progenitor of the Great Replacement doctrine" by the SPLC,[12] Camus has stated that "the great replacement is very simple. You have one people, and in the space of a generation you have a different people".[13] Camus has argued that European culture, civilization and identity are in danger of being overrun by mass migration, especially Islamic, and hence physically replaced.[14]

See also [ edit ]

• White genocide conspiracy theory
• Counter-jihad
• Eurabia

References [ edit ]

1. ^
   • Froio, Caterina (21 August 2018). "Race, Religion, or Culture? Framing Islam between Racism and Neo-Racism in the Online Network of the French Far Right". Perspectives on Politics. 16 (3): 696–709. doi:10.1017/S1537592718001573. ...the conspiracy theory of the Grand remplacement (Great replacement) positing the 'Islamo-substitution' of biologically autochthonous populations in the French metropolitan territory, by Muslim minorities mostly coming from sub-Saharan Africa and the Maghreb
   • Sowerwine, Charles (2017). "The Far Right in a Neo-Liberal Age: Pessimism, Sexism and Racism in Modern French Thought" (PDF) . French History & Civilization. Perspectives on Politics. 7: 190–203 . Retrieved 24 September 2018 . ...the Grand Remplacement (Great Replacement), a lunar right - or is the term now "alt right?" - conspiracy theory about a plot to effect "the progressive replacement, over a few decades, of the historic population of our country by immigrants, the vast majority of them non-European.
   • Plenel, Edwy (28 June 2016). For the Muslims: Islamophobia in France. Verso Books. ISBN 978-1-78478-488-1 – via Google Books.
   • Serhan, Yasmeen. "Pivotal Elections Loom Over Europe". The Atlantic . Retrieved 24 September 2018 . ...the 'great replacement' conspiracy theory that contends immigrants are replacing the traditional French population.
2. ^ Sowerwine, Charles (2018). France since 1870 : Culture, Politics and Society. London: Palgrave. p. 460. ISBN 978-1-137-40611-8. OCLC 1051356006. Zemmour flirted with a far-right conspiracy theory; the Grand remplacement (Great Replacement)
3. ^ a b "How dangerous are Austria's far-right hipsters? | DW | 28 August 2018". DW.COM . Retrieved 24 September 2018 . ...and spread the 'great replacement' conspiracy theory – the idea that white Europeans will be replaced by people from the Middle East and Africa through immigration. The theory is based on inflated statistics and un-substantiated demographic projections. Right now, only 4 percent of the European Union is made up of non-EU nationals.
4. ^ a b Baldauf, Johannes (2017). Toxische Narrative : Monitoring rechts-alternativer Akteure (PDF) (in Dutch). Berlin: Amadeu Antonio Stiftung. p. 11. ISBN 978-3-940878-29-8. OCLC 1042949000. ...this narrative is highly compatible with concrete conspiracy narratives about how this replacement is desired and planned, either by 'the politicians' or 'the elite,' which-ever connotes Jewishness more effectively.
5. ^ a b "A campaign to deconstruct conspiracy discourse on the Internet". La Croix. 26 January 2018. ...le " grand remplacement ", une théorie de type conspirationniste selon laquelle il existerait un processus de remplacement des Français sur leur sol par des non-Européens.
6. ^ a b "The philosophical sources of Marine Le Pen". Eurozine. 12 October 2017. ...a conspiracy theory which claims that the global elite has staged a plot to replace the indigenous European population with immigrants from other continents
7. ^ "Marine Le Pen adviser found guilty of inciting hatred against Muslims". The Independent. 25 April 2017.
8. ^ Bergmann, Eirikur (2018). Conspiracy & Populism : The Politics of Misinformation. Cham, Switzerland: Palgrave Macmillan. p. 127. ISBN 978-3-319-90359-0. OCLC 1049171816.
9. ^ "Generation Identity: Far-right group sending UK recruits to military-style training camps in Europe". The Independent. 9 November 2017. ...claims it represents "indigenous Europeans" and propagates the far-right conspiracy theory that white people are becoming a minority in what it calls the "Great Replacement"
10. ^ Betz, Hans-Georg (5 February 2018). "The Radical Right and Populism". In Rydgren, Jens. Oxford Handbooks Online. 1. Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190274559.013.5. ISBN 9780190644185.
11. ^ Ait Abdeslam, Abderrahim (28 August 2018). "The vilification of Muslim diaspora in French fictional novels: 'Soumission' (2015) and 'Petit Frère' (2008) as case studies". Journal of Multicultural Discourses. 13 (3): 1–11. doi:10.1080/17447143.2018.1511717.
12. ^ "Hate in Europe: June 2018". Hatewatch. Southern Poverty Law Center.
13. ^ "The French Origins of 'You Will Not Replace Us ' ". The New Yorker. 4 December 2017.
14. ^ " " You will not replace us": a French philosopher explains the Charlottesville chant". 15 August 2017.