VIDEO - The Fourth Industrial Revolution and the Global Technocratic Takeover w/ Alison McDowell
My name is Alison McDowell and I’m a mom, I live in Philadelphia. I spend a lot of time doing independent research and following money. A lot of my work as an activist started out around the privatization of public schools in Philadelphia. I used to just be a mom that would help volunteer in the schools and I work half time so I do have a chunk of time to devote to other things. And that’s a great privilege.
Initially I was just working to support my child’s neighborhood school and eventually in 2013 Boston Consulting Group recommended for the closure about 23 schools in the city. It threw everything into upheaval, laid off 3,000 teachers and was really devastating for the district, for the educators, for the families who are coming to grips with that. Later that summer—that happened in the spring—the district hired a consultant to come in and start pitching this idea of school report cards, grading schools, and it would impact the regular public schools and not the charter schools. We organized in opposition to that. That work was underwritten by the Dell Foundation, Michael Dell, Dell computers Dell Dell computers works with—is a major contractor to the NSA.
So those public meetings were shut down and so in response I jumped in to working with education activists around opposing standardized testing. That was my first big effort and I was coordinated actually with a national group because this was happening nationally at the time through United Opt Out and Peggy Robertson who is based in Colorado. So we connected, this loose coalition of parents who were trying to oppose the use of both the standardization of education curriculum as well as the weaponization of scores against schools to close schools.
I did that for a while but then realized that really the endgame was shifting more towards all the time data collection on students through educational technology. Then my focus shifted towards looking into the Ed-Tech as a global industry and what it meant for both surveillance of content delivered in the classroom, the commodification of children as data, and then again the use of the data collected to further privatize public education.
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A lot of that work—I blog at wrenchinthegears.com—that’s the blog that I have—and over time I realized that even though I had come into it through public education, that this issue of commodifying people as data and doing the digital control and disciplinary mechanisms was really part of a much larger global financial apparatus. One of the parents that I organized with is Cheri Honkala. Our kids were in the same school at the same time. She has been doing work around housing rights and rights of the poor, organizing the poor, for decades [ POOR PEOPLE’S ARMY : The Poor People’s Economic Human Rights Campaign (PPEHRC) ] and doing really amazing work outside the system.
So we connected and then my lens just expanded much more broadly: that this wasn’t simply about controlling public schools and children and families and educators but it was really about creating systemic global poverty and then managing that. That’s how I came into things. Now it’s gone from poverty management to pandemic which is creating poverty, just keeps getting bigger.
Jason Bosch: What did you say about the weaponization of data? What do you mean by that?
Eric Schmidt, former chair of Alphabet, Google’s parent company, said data is the new oil. I think that’s this common understanding at this point, that we’re reaching peak petroleum. This next extractive resources is data and a lot of the data in the world—increasingly as we smart up with sensors and things, our environment and even our phones are just a very basic sensor mechanism—our interactions with devices, with sensors embedded in the built environment, amongst sensors—that’s all generating data and the entities that can capture and analyze that data have tremendous power.
One of the things that I got into when I was working in the education front—ultimately when I was doing testing I realized that wasn’t the answer. That withholding the test wasn’t gonna be the thing to stop it because then they moved into this technology. The lesson I learned at that point was: they would like for you to do the work for them, to their end. You have to think a couple steps ahead because they have a 20 or 30 -year plan. And if they can give you a little lead on a controlled opposition—even though you may not understand that that’s what you’re doing—they’ll let you advance their agenda to a certain point. I didn’t want that to happen again.
What I saw happening was there was a huge organization around data privacy, student data privacy. While I’m very much in support of the premise of data privacy, for me the larger philosophical context is they would like for us to ask to become digital commodities. Those in power would like to offer us privacy in exchange for having our life turned into data so that they can extract value from that. That has to be a mutual agreement, that we will agree to be a data commodity. So it’s a false choice around data privacy; that we will get privacy but then essentially it won’t stop the educational technology, it won’t stop telemedicine, it won’t stop tele-therapy. We’ll still have to live in a digital world but somehow we can sell ourselves as data.
When I talk about weaponization, there are subtle nuances. They like to frame the argument in certain ways and though I probably lean—I mean at this point a lot of the educational process that I do with people is through digital. I’m not saying it’s easy to completely walk away from it. But I’m trying to say that living in a world of data is a world of binary decision trees that are only a shadow of the actual world and a shadow of actual relationships. By buying into that we’re allowing ourselves to live in their apparatus that they have constructed. Google builds a really nice box. It’s got a lot of bells and whistles. It’s fun. It can do things. We can share stuff. But ultimately it’s Google’s box.
So we’re not going to be able to conceive of things outside of Google’s box if we decide to live there. These are questions. I don’t tell people how to think about it but these are the things I think about.
That’s the commodification piece. The other piece is a book that was really influential for me, is Yasha Levine’s book Surveillance Valley [†] [isbn.nu] [58:00] It’s a military history of the internet and if you understand the Internet as a militarized space it puts a very different spin on things. And if you understand that it is this intersection of the corporate state and the militarists state and potentially predatory philanthropy are all operating in this digital space, that feels really cool, but also has a lot of risks that people are not aware of if you don’t know the historical context.
You have to consider the power and who actually in a cloud computing world—even though we’d like to imagine it’s decentralized with blockchain and different things—the people who are in control of the cloud, it’s a very small number of people, mostly a lot of white guys. Not exclusively but that power is highly concentrated and to operate in that space means to operate in their world.
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- Essential reading:
Blockchain Education, A Ticket To Digital Serfdom, Wrench In The Gears, 22 Sep 2020
“We risk swapping our vibrant human spirits, beautiful in their passionate creativity and flawed vulnerability, for sanitized digital twins that will be managed as human capital by callous technocrats to profit social impact investors.”
Alison McDowell’s research focuses mostly on original sources. For many of those related to blockchain, see https://littlesis.org/search?q=blockchain+; source URLs are on the right side of each record.
]
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But money is power and that money and power is very concentrated. So I would say if you go to any of the major foundations and you start to peel back where their grants are from you can see how they can control things. Hewlett Packard is an entity that very few people—the William and Flora Hewlett Foundation—it’s not really one of those top ones that you hear pointed out. But they’re very influential. Essentially they have restructured the nonprofit industry to be data-driven to run these human capital markets that are coming.
I spent a good couple months essentially entering all of the data around these grants to nonprofits into this database system so that I could track it. And you can see—you can see this is how they bought all of the identity politics organizations. This is how they bought all of the philanthropic news media. This is how they bought all of the online giving programs. So you can actually map it by mapping the money and the nature of it it appears.
There are so many people who tell me, Alison, this isn’t coordinated. There can’t be a place where everyone’s planning this out. And I’m like, no there is. It’s Davos. It’s Necker Island. There are groups of people who are at this high level who maybe they don’t all have all the parts but they definitely have the overall strategy of what the plan is and they have like a 20 to 30 year maybe 50 year plan of how this is going to roll out and then they have backup plans depending on what the resistance is. So yes it is a conspiracy. It’s not hidden if you actually spend the time to look at the money which is what I do and which is why I’m not just taking somebody else’s word for it. I’m actually looking at what they’re saying in their white papers, in their grant projects, in their boards and seeing how it’s playing out in the real world.
The resistance will not come from the middle class. At the beginning it certainly won’t. It’s gonna come from the people who have been systematically—who are—if we can get to a point that people’s basic needs are met enough that they can collectively resist. To try to convince the middle class of what’s happening—most people—I’m not a normal person for whatever reason. I saw this and I can’t walk away from it. But that’s not most people.
Jason Bosch: Was it impact investing that got you seeing beyond just, the standardized testing or whatever. What was the next step for you?
I’m trying to remember how I first got to looking at pay for success.
One of my mentors—his name is Tim Scott—wrote a couple of pieces that touched on social impact bond finance. This was at the time where I was looking into educational technology and Gates was part of that.
There’s a very compelling presentation I recommend to everyone online and it’s Justin Leroy who I believe is an academic, a professor at UC Santa Barbara now, called Race, Finance, and the Afterlife of Slavery (1:03:15, May 2017). It was about social impact bonds in the afterlife of slavery. [See Also: BONDED LIFE - Technologies of racial finance from slave insurance to philanthrocapital, Zenia Kish and Justin Leroy, Cultural Studies, 2015.] What was really interesting was the context of that talk. There was an exhibit at the Whitney where Cameron Roland who’s actually a Philadelphia artist—he does work around found objects and ready-made and in relation to the carceral state and racial capitalism and that’s his work. This was an exhibit around debt. And he had used his apportionment to make art to actually buy a share in this social impact bond which was targeting incarcerated youth in Ventura County, which is interesting because that’s one of the county that’s coming up with the covid stuff now. So he bought—because that was the only way to get the terms of this social impact bond conference and contract and he framed it and he put it on the wall of the Whitney. And he asked Justin Leroy to come and speak as part of the the exhibit.
This talk was given and it really hit home that what we’re looking at now with the turning of people into data and using predictive analytics to essentially set up these larger systems to gamble on people’s lives—and this is something that’s happening as a direct result of automation of labor and globalized labor management processes—this is the outgrowth of the carceral state. [i.e., “policing, courts, custody, and state supervision. Policing should be understood to include not just municipal law enforcement, but the ‘soft’ policing of welfare officials, state and federal law enforcement, the US military, as well as private security forces. All enact violence against poor communities, though the methods vary. The carceral state works hand-in-hand with ‘smart cities’ and IoT deployment.”
This is what’s coming next: social impact finance tied to different forms of state control that are outside of prison systems but also really brutal. It’s this legacy, it’s this arc on which our nation is built, which is below the surface in many ways and I think people who tend to rely on the constitutional rights and the good of democracy, often conveniently forget that the wealth and power of this country was built on land theft of the indigenous nations and genocide of indigenous people, enslavement of black people and family separation of those families and then unfree labor and forced labor until very recently. Those pieces, when we go back to the Constitution, don’t apply and the Constitution is really written to protect the property rights of powerful white men, many of which founding fathers were real estate speculators.
Where we are now with Trump is very much part of that larger trajectory. That is why, for me, understanding human capital finance and understanding that it is embedded in the way in which we were so brutal to indigenous people and black people is central to understanding that now this system is gotten to the point that it’s coming after everyone and we need to both reconcile with that history and really own it and also to look to those ongoing resistance strategies to enslavement as we move forward and try to come to some resolution and be allies in that process. That’s my personal understanding and the framing of it.
Jason Bosch: The challenge here is this issue splinters off into so many other things. As you were talking I was thinking about some of the things that he was saying in his talk about insurance and seeing humans as commodities that can be discarded or kept or that that’s even an option.
Right. It’s the commodification of humanity and that’s what’s really interesting because there’s another academic, Calvin Schermerhorn who has a really good talk about commodity chains and supply chains, about looking at the finance, the “innovative banking” that was associated with the transportation, the brutal relocation of black enslaved people from the Chesapeake Bay Area into sugar plantations—at the time, in the early 19th century, there wasn’t a common currency—and the ways in which northern finance played this intermediary process in terms of making these financial trades happen.
Moving forward, I feel very strongly that blockchain, this idea of the trusted third party, is going to be replacing, in an automated way, these northern financiers and in these human capital bonds that are going to be coming online through these central banking systems. I don’t really think that the people at Wharton and Stanford are looking at 18th century bank finance around the domestic slave trade but it’s very eerie how close it is that these patterns, these cycles keep coming back.
There’s a term that I would encourage people to look up that really helps me think about it. It’s called hypothecation and that was in Calvin Schermerhorn’s [talk]. This idea of being able to draw capital out of human bodies while the person who “owns them” still maintains use of that body—like mortgaging against humanity while still controlling that humanity. I think that’s going to be something key moving forward with these pay for success deals, human capital bonds, and hypothecation.
Jason Bosch: I’ve never heard that term. What are the arguments they make for this? If I were to listen to you I’d be like, wow this sounds like a terrible idea. We shouldn’t do that. Why do you think it connects with people—what are the arguments that they make that we should be doing this? Or is it just because it’s all done behind the scenes? What are your thoughts on that?
The human capital finance mechanism that I believe will be likely to roll out in the aftermath of this global economic reset; they pitch UBI, Universal Basic Income as they’ve been preparing the ground for that for the past few years. I think they want people to believe there’s no strings attached to that or they’re just giving you a suitcase of cash a thousand bucks. It’s not going to be that. It’ll be tied to digital currency and within that very much conditioned on how you can use that money. Within blockchain systems there are ways of actually programming money through tokens.
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What we need is a society where the resources are not all locked up in these mega transnational global capital entities that are not accountable to anyone, underwriting systems that are very narrow. Because the other piece of this is it’s not just stripped-down in-person Pre-K. They’re also developing online Pre-K and this is Waterford Upstart.
This is being used in the city of Philadelphia right now on refugee families. They’re pushing poor kids, refugee kids into online preschool because it’s an impact market. It’s a data profiling market. These kids don’t have a chance to say, No thank you, I’d prefer not to have a digital identity, I’d prefer not to be your data commodity. It’s incredibly predatory and there are a lot of ethical questions about that.
The other piece is they need new ways of getting data and this Pre-K program particularly is based on something called the Heckman Equation. Jim Heckman at the University of Chicago, economics, he’s a Nobel Prize winning economist, developed this equation setting that return on investment (ROI) which is 7 to 13 percent if you include health impacts on Pre-K. It was paid for by JB Pritzker who’s the Governor of Illinois now.
They’ve created this equation and what they’ve said is, We can’t shift the data for Pre-K. We can’t make the numbers work for cognitive skills. IQ hardens up at the age of 10, it doesn’t work for the hedge funds. That doesn’t work. We don’t have enough movement on the data dashboards to make that work to get our ROI. We can manipulate character. That’s what we can manipulate. We can move character data on a dashboard. And this is these Ocean 5 big “personality traits” [OCEAN: Openness, Conscientiousness, Extraversion, Agreeableness and Neuroticism] and then we can do that digitally through gamification.
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Heckman and Pritzker Pitch Apps as Poverty “Solutions” Yielding a 13% Return on Investment, 10 Jun 2018
This is the fourth in a series providing context for the Global Business
Summiton Early Childhood that ReadyNation will be
hosting in New York City November 1-2, 2018. The featured image is from an
articlepitching Waterford Upstart
online preschool, piloted in Utah, a state experimenting with funding early childhood education using social impact bonds. The caption on the photo states that this four year old doesn’t have running water in her home, but she does have access to literacy education on a chromebook.
The focus of this post is Dr. James Heckman, a professor of economics at the University of Chicago since the early 1970s. Much of his research focuses on investments in early childhood as it pertains to labor markets. In 2000, Dr. Heckman was awarded the Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences for contributions to the field of micro-econometrics. James Heckman; Arthur Rolnick, former senior researcher at the Minneapolis Federal Reserve; and Robert Dugger, venture capitalist and ReadyNation advisor, have worked together for decades. Below is a relationship map for Heckman. See the interactive version here.
]
What that looks like is there something called Hatch. I’m sure there are many of these but Hatch education has something called a WePlaySmart table. This is real. It is a large play table. If you imagine it’s like a big screen TV, flat. On two sides of the the display are fisheye lens cameras and the children are supposed to come “together” to “play” at this table, like moving puzzle pieces and things, where the cameras track their social behaviors. Their social behaviors—not just how they’re personal but how they interact with others and are scored. And that is the data that drives these impact deals.
I confronted the woman in charge of this who is with Goldman Sachs. With the flyer I went to the Dirksen Senate building when they were all celebrating what’s called the Social Impact Partnerships Pay For Results Act (SIPPRA). They had a big champagne toast over finally getting this passed, this seed money to start these impact markets. I had—I’m a mom and I might not be able to stop this but I’m going to show up and tell you I know what’s happening and it’s not okay. I had my little half sheet flyer with the Hatch surveillance play tables and I said, This is wrong. You don’t put at-risk kids on a surveillance play table to profit Goldman Sachs—it’s evil actually—and say we’re going to brainwash kids essentially for profit.
If you understand it within a historic context, clearly we’ve always done that to certain communities, to certain people’s children. I’m not acting shocked that this is happening. But I felt compelled to show up with my little half sheet paper and say, I know what you’re doing. I am bearing witness to this, that it’s not okay. I’m hoping maybe more people will know about it because it’s shocking. If you see the Hatch WePlaySmart table you will be shocked to see it. That it’s real.
I have confirmation. I went to to Tulsa in January. There are centers where this is rolling out—in Dallas—the Federal Reserve is part of a lot of this, the Dallas Fed. I visited Dallas and Tulsa. Tulsa is a target of a lot of this rollout. And they have something called Educare. This is going to be run through these Educare franchise programs and they’re already using WePlaySmart tables and Educare in Tulsa. I intervened at one of these impact events, these events where they were celebrating, patting each other on the back over their impact investing opportunities, and again calling them out just like with my banner saying kids are not impact investments.
I had confirmation from—this is coming through something called Strive Together, they have “collective impact” programs all across the country. I [asked] do you know about Amply? Digital identity? Do you know about these smart play tables? They [said] well of course. I’m in education, of course I know about the smart tables.
Jason Bosch: How does this affect the relationship between the student and the teacher and the child and the parent?
This is something that I’ve been struggling with—and again we’re all on this uneven ground. What is the world we want for our kids? On the one hand there’s, What does it mean to parent? What does it mean to have time to care for your kids? There’s a whole argument around affordable child care. What if affordable child care means your kid’s on a surveillance play table?
What kind of world are we creating that you have to have two full-time parents—maybe he’s working two jobs to sustain a family—so your kid can be on a surveillance display table for Goldman Sachs? These are these larger questions. And I’m not sitting here saying any one parent should forego their having a satisfying career to do this work but I think we really have to balance what corporate child care, what franchise child care means when it’s starting to come with these predictive analytics and data analytics systems.
We know kids shouldn’t be on screens. We know behaviorally, profiling—because it’s not just the WePlaySmart tables, they have these other little tablets that they’re collecting all this data from. So increasingly the teachers—and this is not just in Pre-K but in K-12 and higher—are supposed to be data managers. The kids interact with devices and then the teachers queue up playlists under the pretense of “personalized learning” and it’s a consumer based model. As the teacher I will queue up your 30 resources that you are to consume, digital resources, then I will track your engagement with those resources, and then I will prepare your next playlist of items. And then every kid gets something different and then increasingly the teachers won’t even be running the playlist it will be AI. That’s what IBM is about, is that you are optimized through artificial intelligence.
I guess the question is To what end? Do certain types of people get optimized to certain pathways? Because clearly with this Fourth Industrial Revolution that’s happening the premise is that most people are going to be dispossessed out of their jobs. So if you start profiling kids at the age of three at the surveillance play table and putting them in feedback loops, digital feedback loops, that maybe they’re not even aware they’re in, essentially you can control their future.
It might not even be, I mean, clearly even existing schools have always—we have to understand that compulsory education has been about social reproduction for the purposes of industry; to reinforce race and class and to stratify people and separate people into different groups. I’m not under any dream that that isn’t the truth. I mean that is the function of compulsory education. Doesn’t mean that we shouldn’t strive to do better. Once you put people isolated on devices you lose knowledge sharing, you lose, you break community bonds. You have no space in which to collectively build something different. Essentially your world is limited to what the digital interface says you have access to. We know even now within what’s going on with social media censorship around hot topics, if they don’t want you to have them the information it will just be taken off.
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The thing that has really hit me within this past month is understanding that turning people into data isn’t simply about surveillance. It isn’t simply about extracting profit from people as managing the data. It’s that extracting data from people is meant to feed machine learning systems. That there are groups of people who know that they intend to catalyze the singularity with this data, to actually create a future of sentient, general, artificial intelligence beyond the control of people.
This is something that I’m trying to come to grips with now and I’ve known for a while. One of the big rabbit holes I fell down in doing education research was something called the Global Education Futures Forum which was led by Pavel Luksha who’s connected to SKOLKOVO in Russia but has a well placed panel of advisors around the globe. Tom Vander Ark who is formerly with the Gates Foundation and a key figure in virtual learning and Ed-Tech and venture capital was the U.S. contact. I think they’ve actually recently taken the website down which is very interesting to me. [Archived 1 July 2018 copy: https://www.edu2035.org/] But if you look at their agenda, Pavel Luksha, who’s also connected to World Skills building, was very much also about transhumanism.
So this idea of, as we approach climate change end times, that we would merge with the cloud, that we would merge with machines, that we would upload our consciousness to the Internet and be immortal. Which sounds really wacky unless you actually look and see the people who are in that sphere and there are a lot of very sophisticated thinkers who are thinking that this is something that we need to do. Even a few weeks ago Whitney Webb wrote an article [“Techno-Tyranny: How The US National Security State Is Using Coronavirus To Fulfill An Orwellian Vision,” The Last American Vagabond, 20 Apr 2020] that they were looking at a FOIA request about the AI task force of the U.S. that was very concerned about keeping up a China, with data, and they’re building AI and this idea of whoever gets to general and artificial intelligence first can essentially rule the world or rule the technological systems of the world. There are people out there who think that we need to merge with computers or we will be eliminated.
So that’s a whole nother layer. It’s not just about making money and controlling people as actually they would prefer to have us become data so that we can be batteries to fuel this future that really doesn’t have a place for humanity as we know it in it. I’m just not willing to go there, yet.
Jason Bosch: Yet.
Because I think, it’s all in motion, right? This is something in my journey, too, under this lockdown situation, connecting with people in different parts of the world who come from backgrounds of faith and spiritual practice of all kinds who are tapping into energy systems. And I know this may sound sort of—but I think the belief that we know all the things is pretty misguided. Like with string theory and particle physics and there are many things that we may not know and there are many things that may go on faith and spirit and energy of which I feel the people who are part of this transhumanist domination zone would like to put us in their box and capture that all up and put us in their digital box. But then there’s a counter group of people who may not fully be aware that they’re working in a counterpoint to that, this yin-yang who are the goodness of the world of energy in a free and liberated fashion.
I know this may sound kind of new agey but if you look back to cybernetics, that has been their goal since the the post-World War Two era, the mid-1940s, is to create the cybernetic world. That’s a very, in my mind, western white male dominating version of the world; that you can control it and you can have power and dominion over it. But then there’s a whole big other part of the world that isn’t that. That’s why for me, I think, coming at this from an anti-colonial mindset like an eco-feminist mindset, is the counterpoint to the tech bro’ mindset.
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You have to have a structural analysis. The people who are running these systems are not benevolent actors. The money that they give away is to certain ends, to accomplish, to reinforce their own power and influence. It’s not generative and redistributive and it’s dominating. To think that the people who run the cloud are not dominating us, that are just, they’re somehow our benevolent overlords, I think it’s incredibly misguided to think that. I don’t think anyone can look and see the military contracts and the prison contracts and all the things that Amazon Web Services and Google, these smart cities—we see what’s happened in Toronto with them pushing back against sidewalk labs and saying, We don’t want smart cities. We get where you’re going with this and we don’t trust you.
The thing that I think is really critically important to understand in this moment, too, because while we’re under this lockdown situation—clearly the 5G structure, infrastructure is rolling out, the satellites, the oneweb, the satellite StarLink, all of those are going up—there’s this convergence of technology both in the atmosphere and on the ground in terms of creating almost these fencing and control systems for people. People are getting these digital identities, there probably seems like we’re going to end up, the digital health passports are going to be the open door to give everybody, get your QR code and know what your status is so we can track you everywhere you go.
These systems are coming online now and if you look towards satellite-linked livestock management, that I believe is the model. That you would have these satellites and you have cows with the tag in their ear or goats or whatever, collars, that you can manage “free-range” through geo fencing. It’s like your electric dog fence but you don’t actually have the wire in it. Just when you get up close to the edge you can bump up and the vibration if you keep going, you get shocked.
We’re almost to the point at which we can manage that with people. And if you imagine your UBI is on your phone, when you are situated in different digital containment zones, they can control you at that level. They can control your access to basic needs of life: your shelter, your food, your water, your healthcare. All of those things can be predicated, if they’re digital, linked into geofencing.
Paul Romer is out of NYU and he has been theorizing for some time, collaborating with the World Bank, about things called Charter Cities. That you would have these carve-outs within cities that were sort of like no rules apply and you can just make up own rules for the free market and that we would manage refugee populations in that way.
So all of these pieces are running together. I think if we understand that Jeff Bezos and Bill Gates are not really benevolent entities, that they are there to to aggregate more power unto themselves, the tools that they’re creating are not empowering us and disempowering them. They’re essentially adding more and more layers of digital control onto us. These Silicon Valley people who would push all of this onto the masses and Ed-Tech and have—all of it’s about interoperable data because that’s what they need for the predictive analytics. There’s a company called Clever that has QR code badges for kindergarteners to log into their online Ed-Tech education to maximize the data collection because the little kids couldn’t remember their passwords because they’re just five years old. So you could decorate your QR code with fun stickers but that’s the data extraction purpose and that’s running through charter schools in the Bay Area, Rocket Ship Academy charter schools. the people who are in Silicon Valley who are running these systems don’t send their kids to schools that do that to them. Their kids get blocks and books.