A $35 million expansion of the Theresa Street Water Resource Recovery Facility in north-central Lincoln will increase the city’s capacity to treat wastewater by 14 million gallons. The expansion will include adding an aeration basin in the green space in the middle of the plant, next to the existing basins. The basins break down the organic material and remove nitrogen and other toxins. Two round clarifiers, which further clean the water, will also be added in the green space near two other round clarifiers.
The city's biosolids program converts biosolids created from wastewater treatment into a dry, nutrient-rich, soil-like fertilizer for crops.
Ever wonder what happens after you flush?
The city of Lincoln, it turns out, would like to show you, as well as offer a little history lesson on just how far the city — and country — has come in the last century.
We’re talking wastewater here, and what happens to the 33 million gallons of wastewater Lincoln residents flush away each day.
“The cleanup of sewage is one of the biggest public health improvements we’ve ever had,” said Donna Garden, assistant director of Lincoln Transportation and Utilities. “Besides the fact that it does this service for the public, it’s an absolutely fascinating process, that we’re using biology to treat this and use it so efficiently.”
The process used today cleans the wastewater, which is then used to heat and cool buildings at the University of Nebraska’s Innovation Campus and electric generating station before it is released back into Salt Creek. It creates biosolids used as fertilizer and natural gas used to fuel vehicles.
It’s come a long way in the 100 years since Lincoln’s wastewater system began, and city officials want to celebrate that. In honor of its 100th year, the city will be offering tours of the city’s resource recovery facilities, along with other activities on Sept. 17 from 1-5 p.m.
The tours will show Lincolnites what happens after you flush. Brace yourself. It involves bugs.
But not always — the bugs came later and made things much better.
Back in 1888, after the village of Lancaster had become Lincoln, it created a sanitary district, which ran five miles of wastewater pipe that collected waste and dumped it directly into salt creek.
It was very smelly.
In 1923, Lincoln built its first treatment plant — descriptively named the Theresa Street Sewage Disposal Plant, which handled about 5 million gallons of water a day.
In 1957, the Legislature passed a law transferring 364 miles of wastewater pipe to the city — and Linconites began paying the city for the service.
By 1965, Lincoln began separating solids (anything non-organic that gets flushed or picked up on the travels from toilet to treatment plant) from organic material (which is what you think it is). This helped improve the water quality in Salt Creek, city officials said.
In 1971, the city built a lab to begin testing water quality in anticipation of sweeping amendments to a 1948 water pollution act that became known as the Clean Water Act.
Numerous other changes happened in the ensuing years: the addition of high-tech computer systems to help monitor water quality and, ultimately, run the system and various new systems to better clean the water.
In 2004, the city spent $22 million to expand the capacity of the treatment plant and improve how it processed the water. It is starting another $35 million expansion that will allow the Theresa Street plant to treat 14 million more gallons of waste. Earlier this year it completed a $14 million expansion of the biosolids program, increasing production of the cake-like substance by 25%.
In a nutshell, Lincoln’s wastewater system grew from five miles of underground pipe to 1,149 miles — roughly 16,852 Husker football fields running underground.
The city’s population grew from about 55,000 to nearly 300,000 and the city performs hundreds of tests on the 33 million gallons of water that runs through those pipes daily.
The names of the treatment plants have changed: from the Wastewater Treatment Facility to the Pollution Control Facility to the Water Resources Recovery Facility — the name city officials think most descriptive of what happens to that waste once Lincolnites flush.
Here’s the Cliff’s Notes version: Post-flush, the wastewater follows gravity through the pipes to the Theresa Street plant or the Northeast Water Resources Recovery Facility, built in 1981.
From there, the bugs — tiny, microscopic-sized bugs called microbes — get to work, breaking down the waste. They love the waste.
The waste goes into a clarifier that separates the solids from the organic material, which then goes into aeration tanks that add oxygen, which “activates” the microbes to grow, reproduce and keep on eating.
After that, the remaining sludge goes through a process that removes the oxygen, which further breaks down the sludge, and biogas produced during the process is sold to companies that compress it and use it as vehicle fuel, said Erika Hill, spokeswoman for Lincoln Transportation and Utilities.
The biosolids left over are turned into cakes that are sold to farmers to use as fertilizer, Hill said.
The now much-cleaner water goes through one more process where ultra-violet light kills off remaining pathogens.
That reclaimed water is then put to more use: flowing through the systems that cool a Lincoln Electric System generating system and — since 2015 — heating and cool the buildings at the University of Nebraska’s Innovation Campus.
Eventually, all the reclaimed — now clean and no longer smelly — water is dumped back into Salt Creek.
“Lincoln does things that are extremely innovative,” Garden said. “We want everybody to come see it because we’re very, very proud of our accomplishments. They’re award-winning in our state and across the country. It’s a fascinating process."
The free, 100-Year Anniversary Celebration of the Lincoln Wastewater System will be Sept. 17 from 1-5 p.m. at the Theresa Street Water Resource Recovery Facility, 2400 Theresa Street.
The event will include:
*Guided tours at 2, 3, and 4 p.m. Self-guided tours will be available anytime between 1 and 5 p.m. City staff and signs will direct guests to parking and the tour starting location.
*Refreshments, giveaways and a history video.
*Information on what happens after you flush.
*A live streaming video that shows millions of micro bugs at work cleaning Lincoln’s wastewater.
*Meetings with laboratory scientists and wastewater experts.
*A display of the city’s heavy equipment, laboratory and anaerobic digesters.
*A showcase of the unique buildings, projects, and programs at the facility.
*For a facility map, historical timeline and more information on the celebration, visit lincoln.ne.gov/WastewaterTour.
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Lincoln Southwest running back Ashton Traudt (2) runs the ball under defense by Columbus defensive end Caden Kapels (81) during the Silver Hawks' game against Columbus on Friday at UBT Stadium at Lincoln Northwest. Southwest was leading 14-6 at halftime.
ARTHUR H. TRICKETT-WILE Journal StarSeward local Garin Metzger (left) drives his pontoon boat on Friday, Sept. 1, 2023 at Branched Oak Lake in Lancaster County during the start of Labor Day weekend. Pictured with him is his wife Linda Metzger (center-right), and their friends Shanda Laflin (center-left) and Pam Spicher (right).
ARTHUR H. TRICKETT-WILE, Journal StarNebraska's Mikai Gbayor (42) celebrates with teammate Brian Buschini after he limited Minnesota to a short yardage after a kickoff return on Thursday, Aug. 31, 2023, at Huntington Bank Stadium in Minneapolis.
JUSTIN WAN Journal StarNebraska head coach Matt Rhule points to the team during the first quarter against Minnesota on Thursday, Aug. 31, 2023, at Huntington Bank Stadium in Minneapolis.
JUSTIN WAN Journal StarNebraska volleyball celebrates a 3-0 victory against Omaha on Wednesday, Aug. 30, 2023, at Memorial Stadium during Volleyball Day in Nebraska.
ARTHUR H. TRICKETT-WILE Journal StarClub team volleyball players, including Kenzie MacDonald of Omaha (left), 13, and her twin Kyra MacDonald, cheer during the final moments of the Nebraska volleyball match against Omaha on Wednesday at Memorial Stadium.
JUSTIN WAN, Journal StarNebraska head coach John Cook (left) takes the court with his team before taking on Omaha on Wednesday at Memorial Stadium.
KENNETH FERRIERA, Journal StarVolleyball fans do the wave during a break in the action during the match between Omaha and Nebraska on Wednesday at Memorial Stadium.
KENNETH FERRIERA, Journal StarNebraska's Lexi Rodriguez (8) and Merritt Beason (13) lead the team to the court before the match against Omaha on Wednesday at Memorial Stadium.
JUSTIN WAN, Journal StarThe glare from the sun hits the court causing players to be silhouetted against the floor during the second set Wednesday at Memorial Stadium.
KENNETH FERRIERA, Journal StarNoah Snurr of Nebraska State Education Association (left) and Molly Gross of Nebraska Parent Teacher Association deliver boxes of signatures Wednesday from the Support our Schools Nebraska petition drive to the Secretary of State's election office.
JUSTIN WAN, Journal StarCole Graham (center) and Scott Ryan (right) of Nebraska Sign Company set up the volleyball court at Memorial Stadium ahead of Volleyball Day in Nebraska, Tuesday, Aug. 29, 2023.
JUSTIN WAN Journal StarChristopher Corbett Jr., 7, examines the cockpit of a T-38 Talon on Sunday, Aug. 27, 2023 at the Guardians of Freedom Airshow at Lincoln Airpark.
ARTHUR H. TRICKETT-WILE Journal StarThe U.S. Navy Blue Angels leave a smoke trail behind them as they perform aerial feats during the Guardians of Freedom Airshow at Lincoln Air Park on Saturday.
KENNETH FERRIERA, Journal StarSpectators watch and photograph the U.S. Navy Blue Angels performing aerial feats over Lincoln's Air Park during the Guardians of Freedom Airshow on Saturday. More than 340,000 people attended the two-day show.
JUSTIN WAN, Journal StarAn F-35C long-range stealth strike fighter flies just under the sound barrier during the Guardians of Freedom Airshow at Lincoln Air Park on Saturday.
KENNETH FERRIERA, Journal StarSeth Avett, Scott Avett and Joe Kwon play onstage during a performance The Avett Brothers at Pinnacle Bank Arena , on Thursday, Aug. 24, 2023, in Lincoln.
KENNETH FERRIERA Journal StarLincoln Lutheran's Ryan Bokelmann holds the Spirit Sword high as he leads his team in celebration after the Warriors defeated Lincoln Christian on Friday at Aldrich Field.
KENNETH FERRIERA, Journal StarFarrah Plate practices yoga on her paddleboard at Holmes Lake Park on Thursday. Lincoln topped 100 degrees for the fifth day in a row on Friday, when the city's excessive heat warning expired. Relief is forecast on Saturday, where along with a chance of rain, the high is expected to be in the 80s. Those temps are to continue through Wednesday.
ARTHUR H. TRICKETT-WILE, Journal StarGuests at the Duncan Aviation/Make-A-Wish Sixth Annual Charity Car Show walk through rows of cars on display at Duncan Aviation Components and Parts on Sunday near the Lincoln Airport. The event featured airplanes, firetrucks, food trucks and awards for a variety of car categories. Representatives from Duncan presented this year’s Make-A-Wish kid, 3-year-old James, with a trip to the "Cars" Suite at the Art of Animation Resort at Disney World. All event proceeds went to benefit Make-a-Wish Nebraska.
ARTHUR H. TRICKETT-WILE, Journal StarTa'mircle Washington (left) splashes water on Eliah Kruger as they keep cool at the Bicentennial Cascade Fountain, on Saturday, Aug. 19, 2023, in Lincoln. Starting on Saturday, the National Weather Service is forecasting five days with triple-digit heat out of the next six. If that proves correct, it will be the longest stretch of 100-degree highs in the city in more than a decade. Lincoln's forecast calls for heat indexes potentially topping 110 degrees on Saturday and Monday.
KENNETH FERRIERA Journal StarCornhusker Marching Band flag line member Alyssa Johnson, who is a reporting intern at the Lincoln Journal Star, twirls with her team during a routine on the field at the annual exhibition concert on Aug. 18, 2023, in Memorial Stadium at University of Nebraska–Lincoln.
ARTHUR H. TRICKETT-WILE, Journal StarLincoln Pius X's Jack Schafers celebrates after he scores a touchdown in the first quarter against Lincoln Northwest on Friday, Aug. 18, 2023, at Union Bank Stadium.
KENNETH FERRIERA, Journal StarLincoln Lutheran football players join hands in a pre-practice prayer before starting football practice at Lincoln Lutheran High School on Friday, Aug. 18, 2023, in Lincoln.
KENNETH FERRIERA Journal StarNova Trumler (left), 3, and Paxton Netsvetayer, 4, play as they build a house at Creative Minds Early Learning Center.
JUSTIN WAN, Journal StarAsa Wegrzyn removes practice gear from a storage container before football practice at Lincoln Christian High School on Thursday, Aug. 17, 2023, in Lincoln.
Kenneth FerrieraPreschooler Vihaan Idara (center) participates in playtime with his teacher and fellow classmates during the first day of the semester on Thursday, Aug. 17, 2023 in a new space at Standing Bear High School.
ARTHUR H. TRICKETT-WILE Journal StarLincoln Northeast's Landon Hoff (left) takes a handoff from Jacian Brown (right) during football practice Wednesday at Northeast High School.
ARTHUR H. TRICKETT-WILE, Journal StarBecca Griebel (left) and her parents Tammy and Randy Griebel help her brother, University of Nebraska-Lincoln freshman Drew (second from left), move into his dorm room at Abel Hall on Tuesday in Lincoln. Around 5,000 students are moving into residence halls this week at UNL. Classes start on Monday.
HAYDEN ROONEY, Journal StarA hover fly sits a top a black-eyed Susan at the Sunken Gardens.
HAYDEN ROONEY, Journal StarBull riders ready themselves for the competition ahead during the Extreme Bull Riding Tour at the Lancaster Event Center on Friday, Aug. 11, 2023, in Lincoln.
Kenneth FerrieraCassidy Krawczak-Kummrow pumps her fist in the air after walking across the graduation stage with hre masters degree during UNL's summer semester commencement ceremony at Pinnacle Bank Arena on Saturday.
Kenneth FerrieraNATS detasslers work a seed corn field somewhere between Lincoln and Waverly, on Wednesday, July 19, 2023.
Kenneth FerrieraRachel Feldhaus, a 4 year detassler, pulls tassels from corn stalks on the final day of NATS season on Thursday, Aug. 3, 2023.
Kenneth FerrieraLincoln East head coach John Gingery talks tackling with a demonstration with Dash Bauman during a football practice Thursday at Seacrest Field.
JUSTIN WAN, Journal StarKipton Fankhauser loses his shoe as he falls off of "War Dance" during Mutton Bustin' at the Lancaster County Super Fair on Tuesday, Aug. 8, 2023, in Lincoln.
KENNETH FERRIERA Journal StarPatrons enjoy the first weekend of the outdoor carnival during the Lancaster County Super Fair at the Lancaster Event Center on Saturday, Aug. 5, 2023, in Lincoln.
KENNETH FERRIERA, Journal StarSyllas Daniels and Kaneka Taylor (right) hold on tight as they ride the Orbiter at the carnival during the Lancaster County Super Fair at Lancaster Event Center on Saturday, Aug. 5, 2023, in Lincoln.
KENNETH FERRIERA Journal StarA nun peruses the animals on display at Rabbit Row during the Lancaster County Super Fair at the Lancaster Event Center on Saturday, Aug. 5, 2023, in Lincoln.
KENNETH FERRIERA Journal StarAngelina Mojok waves to the camera as she rides the merry-go-round at the carnival during the at the Lancaster Event Center on Saturday, Aug. 5, 2023, in Lincoln.
KENNETH FERRIERA Journal StarCally Sullivan, Hannah Munk, Noah Schmoll and his sister Jocelyn (from left) let their rabbits hop from the starting line as they compete in a rabbit race during the Lancaster County Super Fair at the Lancaster Event Center on Saturday, Aug. 5, 2023, in Lincoln.
KENNETH FERRIERA, Journal StarOffensive lineman Yahia Marzouk and Brady Eickhoff (from left) spring out from under the chute while running a drill during a practice at Lincoln Northwest on Wednesday.
Kenneth Ferriera, Journal StarNebraska middle blocker Andi Jackson blocks assistant coach Jaylen Reyes during practice Tuesday at Devaney Sports Center.
KENNETH FERRIERA, Journal StarLincoln Pius X's Hudson Schulz (left) tackles teammate Sebastian Morales during practice on Tuesday at Pius X High School.
JUSTIN WAN, Journal StarA view of the Federal Legislative Summit on Tuesday at Strategic Air Command & Aerospace Museum in Ashland.
JUSTIN WAN, Journal StarNebraska's Bryce Benhart (left) and Brock Knutson practice on Tuesday, Aug. 8, 2023, at Hawks Championship Center.
JUSTIN WAN Journal StarLincoln Southwest's Zak Stark makes a throw during a football practice on Monday, Aug. 7, 2023, at Lincoln Southwest.
JUSTIN WAN Journal StarAn excavator tears bricks off Pershing Center on Monday as demolition work begins in earnest on the former civic auditorium. Bringing down the structure is expected to take two to three weeks.
HAYDEN ROONEY, Journal StarYoung dancers spin one another as they perform a traditional dance with Wilber Czech Dancers during the annual Wilber Czech Festival on Saturday. The celebration will continue Sunday with a parade, motorcycle show, eating contest and much more.
Kenneth Ferriera photos, Journal StarTeams shoot around in the common area as they prepare to compete against one another during the 3-on-3 Railyard Rims basketball tournament at The Railyard on Friday, Aug. 4, 2023, in Lincoln. In collaboration with the Downtown Lincoln Association, the YMCA of Lincoln hosted the seventh annual Railyard Rims August 4-5. This 3-on-3 tournament takes basketball to the streets of the Railyard.
Kenneth FerrieraCallum Anderson gets his first haircut from barber Dean Korensky as he sits with his mother, Courtney Anderson, on Thursday at 33 Street Hair Studio. Callum was the fifth generation of the Anderson family to get a haircut from Korensky.
JUSTIN WAN, Journal StarCarter Worrell has a staring contest with a baby chick during the Lancaster County Super Fair at Lancaster Event Center on Aug. 3, 2023.
HAYDEN ROONEY, Journal StarA Nowear BMX rider jumps from a high ramp while teammates watch during the Lancaster County Super Fair at Lancaster Event Center on Thursday.
HAYDEN ROONEY, Journal StarZack Mentzer peeks out from a trailer while he and his family unload their Hampshire cross breed pigs the day before the start of the Lancaster County Super Fair at the Lancaster Event Center on Aug. 2, 2023.
Kenneth Ferriera, Journal StarFair kids who show animals will set up in the stalls so they have a place to rest, the day before the start of the Lancaster County Super Fair at the Lancaster Event Center on Aug. 2, 2023.
Kenneth Ferriera, Journal StarJen Witherby (left) and Mary Weixelman, bought 3 Daughters, last month and just recently completed their first week as owners.
JUSTIN WAN, Journal StarCooper Jordan, 4, runs the spray of a soaker hose during Sprinkler Day at the Eiseley Branch Library on Monday.
Kenneth Ferriera, Journal StarProtester Kari Wagner holds up a sign as Nebraska State Board of Education member Kirk Penner walks by in the Capitol on Monday.
HAYDEN ROONEY, Journal StarMack Splichal, 2, shows off his cheer moves to Nebraska cheerleaders Sidney Doty, Carly Janssen and Audrey Eckert (from left) during Nebraska Football's annual fan day at Hawks Championship Center on Sunday, July 30, 2023.
Kenneth FerrieraShoes lost by previous skydivers are hung above the exit to the runway at the Lincoln Sport Parachute Club on Saturday, July 29, 2023, in Weeping Water.
Kenneth FerrieraCarpet Land players watch from the dugout as their team bats in the first inning during the Class A American Legion championship on Saturday at Den Hartog Field.
Kenneth Ferriera, Journal StarNebraska's Darian White (left) talks with teammate Callin Hake during a team practice Thursday at Hendricks Training Complex.
JUSTIN WAN, Journal StarTen-year-old Connor Horner plays in the sprinkler fountain at Centennial Mall across from the state Capitol on Monday, as temperatures reached the 90s and the heat index reached into triple digits. The Lincoln Parks and Recreation Department said it discourages people from playing in the Centennial Mall fountains because the water is not treated.
HAYDEN ROONEY, Journal StarContact the writer at mreist@journalstar.com or 402-473-7226. On Twitter at @LJSReist.
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A $35 million expansion of the Theresa Street Water Resource Recovery Facility in north-central Lincoln will increase the city’s capacity to treat wastewater by 14 million gallons. The expansion will include adding an aeration basin in the green space in the middle of the plant, next to the existing basins. The basins break down the organic material and remove nitrogen and other toxins. Two round clarifiers, which further clean the water, will also be added in the green space near two other round clarifiers.