• Moe Factz with Adam Curry for July 24th 2024, Episode number 99 - "Devil in the Details"

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  • Almost at a hundred, and as usual right on time
  • I'm Adam Curry coming to you from the heart of The Texas Hill Country and it's time once again to spin the wheel of Topics from here to Northern Virginia, please say hello to my friend on the other end: Mr. Moe Factz

• "Devil in the Details"

• Moe and Adam examine the crazy times we're in from a historical and cyclical perspective

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  • Napoleon Hill - Wikipedia
    • Link to Article
    • Archived Version
    • Wed, 24 Jul 2024 19:16
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    • American author
    • Napoleon Hill
    • Hill in 1904
    • Born ( 1883-10-26 ) October 26, 1883Pound, Virginia, U.S.DiedNovember 8, 1970 (1970-11-08) (aged 87)Greenville, South Carolina, U.S.OccupationAuthor, journalist, salesman, lecturerNationalityAmericanPeriod1928''1970GenreNon-fiction, self-helpNotable worksThink and Grow Rich (1937)The Law of Success (1928)Outwitting the Devil (1938)Spouse Unknown (1898 or 1899)Edith Whitman (1903''1908)Florence Elizabeth Horner (1910''1935)Rosa Lee Beeland (1937''1940?)Annie Lou Norman (1943''1970)Children4+ Literature portalOliver Napoleon Hill (October 26, 1883 '' November 8, 1970) was an American self-help author. He is best known for his book Think and Grow Rich (1937), which is among the best-selling self-help books of all time.[1][2] Hill's works insisted that fervid expectations are essential to improving one's life.[3][4] Most of his books were promoted as expounding principles to achieve "success".
    • Hill is a controversial figure. Accused of fraud, modern historians also doubt many of his claims, such as that he met Andrew Carnegie and that he was an attorney.
    • Hill was born in a one-room cabin near the Appalachian town of Pound in southwest Virginia.[5] His parents were James Monroe Hill and Sarah Sylvania (Blair), and he was the grandson of James Madison Hill and Elizabeth (Jones). His grandfather came to the United States from England and settled in southwestern Virginia in 1847.[6] His father was an dentist, at first unofficially and then with a license.[7]
    • Hill's mother died when he was nine years old, and his father remarried two years later to Martha. His stepmother was a good influence for him: "Hill's stepmother, the widow of a school principal, civilized the wild-child, Napoleon, making him go to school and attend church."[7] At the age of 13, Hill began writing as a "mountain reporter", initially for his father's newspaper.[8] At the age of fifteen, he married a local girl who had accused him of fathering her child; the girl later recanted the claim, and the marriage was annulled.[9]
    • At the age of seventeen, Hill graduated from high school and moved to Tazewell, Virginia, to attend business school. In 1901, Hill accepted a job working for the lawyer Rufus A. Ayers, a coal magnate and former Virginia attorney general. Author Richard Lingeman wrote that Hill received this job after arranging to keep confidential the death of a black bellhop whom the previous manager of the mine had accidentally shot while drunk.[7]
    • Hill left his coal mine management job soon afterward and enrolled in law school before withdrawing owing to a lack of funds. Later in life, Hill would use the title of "Attorney of Law", although Hill's official biography notes that "there is no record of his having actually performed legal services for anyone."[10]
    • In 1903, Hill married for the second time to Edith Whitman; in 1905 their child Edith Whitman Hill was born. Their marriage was a fraught one due to Hill's alleged physical abuse of his wife and daughter in addition to his frequenting of prostitutes.[11]
    • Failed business ventures and charges of fraud [ edit ] Hill relocated to Mobile, Alabama, in 1907 and co-founded the Acree-Hill Lumber Company. In October 1908, the Pensacola Journal reported that the company was facing bankruptcy proceedings and charges of mail fraud for purchasing lumber from outside Mobile, from other counties in Alabama and Florida, and selling it below cost, thereby failing to generate a return.[12]
    • His wife Edith filed for divorce in 1908; at the proceedings Hill's friends and business partners testified to his affairs with prostitutes. It is sometime in 1908 that Hill claims his pivotal conversation with Andrew Carnegie happened; however, there is no record of the two meeting, and he spent much of the year on the run from the authorities.[11]
    • Following the exposure of his fraud in Alabama, Hill fled to Washington, DC, where he dropped Oliver as his first name and began going by Napoleon Hill. In 1909 he founded the Automobile College of Washington. The college assembled cars for the Carter Motor Corporation, which declared bankruptcy in early 1912; students were not paid for their labor.[11] During April 1912, the automobile magazine Motor World accused Hill's college of being a scam and derided its marketing materials as "a joke to anyone of average intelligence".[13] Following the bankruptcy of the Carter Motor Corporation, Hill pivoted the organization to teaching people how to sell cars rather than make them. Students were incentivized to themselves sell Automobile College of Washington courses on which they would earn a commission. In practice, the focus was on signing up more students, not in learning how to sell cars. In this form, it resembled a modern multi-level marketing company.[11]
    • During June 1910, Hill married Florence Elizabeth Horner,[14] with whom he had three sons: James, born in 1911; Napoleon Blair, born in 1912; and David, born in 1918.[15] Hill would postpone their honeymoon until 1919.[16] Horner was in high school when they met and was from a wealthy West Virginia family. Despite investment from her family, the Automobile College of Washington closed in 1912. He subsequently moved to Chicago and accepted a job with the La Salle Extension University, before co-founding the Betsy Ross Candy Shop. Following his move to Chicago, Hill began claiming that he was a lawyer. Hill was soon forced out of the candy shop by his partners and had left La Salle within a year of starting.[11]
    • In September 1915, he established the George Washington Institute of Advertising, where he intended to teach principles of success and self-confidence. On June 4, 1918, the Chicago Tribune reported that the state of Illinois had issued two warrants for his arrest, charging him with violating blue sky laws by fraudulently attempting to sell shares of his school at a $100,000 capitalization, despite the school's possessing assets appraised only at $1,200.[17]
    • In 1917, Hill threatened the Illinois Central Railroad with a lawsuit due to low lighting in their cars allegedly making him need glasses. The George Washington Institute was unaccredited and closed in 1918 following allegations of fraud made by students. During this time, Florence and their children were living with her family in West Virginia.[11]
    • Following the closure of the George Washington Institute, Hill embarked on other business ventures, among them the personal magazines Hill's Golden Rule and Napoleon Hill's Magazine.[18] In 1919 the Federal Trade Commission brought charges against Hill and Hill's Golden Rule for fraudulent advertising and laundering funds meant for a veteran's charity into a fraudulent oil stock scheme. Hill claimed that it was in 1918 following the collapse of GWI that Woodrow Wilson personally reached out to Hill for his help winning the First World War; Hill claimed that Wilson offered him large sums for his aid but that he did not accept any payment for his work because he was a patriot. He claimed that he was so important and involved in the war effort that he had the power to veto the President. Hill claimed to have participated intimately in the negotiation of the armistice with Germany. These claims are not believed to be true.[11] White House records include no reference to his ever being there.[19]
    • In 1922, he opened the Intra-Wall Correspondence School, a charitable foundation intended to provide educational materials to prisoners in Ohio. The foundation was directed by, among others, check forger and former convict Butler Storke, who would be sent back to prison only a year later. According to Hill's official biography, it was during this period that hundreds of documents proving Hill's association with various famous figures were destroyed in a Chicago storage fire.[18] Intra-Wall Correspondence School primarily sold Hill's Golden Rule and correspondence courses. In 1923 it was exposed by local newspapers as a scam. Following the murder of Donald Mellett, he promoted a lecture tour based on their acquaintance; this event would later become a significant part of his personal mythos, with Hill claiming to have been the target of the same assassins.[11]
    • Hill lost control over Hill's Golden Rule to a group of disgruntled employees. Hill attempted to get revenge against one of the employees by reporting them to the FBI as a spy.[7]
    • Hill founded the Peptomists and the Co-Operative Club which advertised themselves as business organizations in the style of the rotary club.[7]
    • During 1928, Hill relocated to Philadelphia and persuaded a Connecticut-based publisher to publish his eight-volume work The Law of Success (1925). The book was Hill's first major success, allowing Hill to adopt an opulent lifestyle. By 1929, he had already bought a Rolls-Royce and a 600-acre (240-hectare) property in the Catskill Mountains,[7] with the aid of some lenders.[20]
    • The beginning of the Great Depression, however, affected Hill's finances adversely, forcing his Catskills property into foreclosure before the end of 1929.[15] He went broke, forcing his wife's family to pay for the expenses of Florence and her children.
    • Hill's next published work, The Magic Ladder to Success (1930), proved to be a commercial failure. During the next few years, Hill traveled through the country, returning to his habits from the prior decade of initiating various short-lived business ventures. He was involved in the production of the first Mormon film Corianton: A Story of Unholy Love, which collapsed after investors accused Hill of malfeasance. Hill claimed to have been an advisor to Franklin D. Roosevelt during this time. He claimed to have coined the President's famous phrase "The only thing we have to fear is fear itself."
    • In 1935, Hill's wife Florence filed for and received a divorce in Florida as divorce was illegal at that time in West Virginia. In 1936 Hill met Rosa Lee Beeland when she attended one of his lectures; he proposed the next day, and they were soon married. Unable to afford a place of their own, he and Rosa moved in with Hill's son Blair in New York City. Following a few months of this living arrangement Blair's wife Vera left due to Napoleon Hill's harassment and abuse with Blair following soon after. Before leaving Blair gave his father and Rosa a loan to continue work on a new book, Think and Grow Rich.[11]
    • Think and Grow Rich [ edit ] In 1937, Hill published the bestselling book Think and Grow Rich, which became Hill's best-known work. Hill's new wife Rosa Lee Beeland contributed substantially to the authoring and editing of Think and Grow Rich. Hill's biographers would later say this book sold 20 million copies over 50 years, although as Richard Lingeman remarks in his brief biography, "Alice Payne Hackett's 70 Years of Best Sellers suggests the number was considerably less."[7]
    • Wealthy once more, Hill resumed his lavish lifestyle and purchased a new estate in Mount Dora, Florida. Napoleon and Rosa become involved with The Royal Fraternity of the Master Metaphysicians, a cult led by James Bernard Schafer, which regarded Think and Grow Rich as a religious text. Napoleon became the godfather of "Baby Jene", a child the cult had adopted and claimed to be raising in such a way that she would be immortal. In 1941 the child was returned to her biological mother. After being arrested and convicted in 1942, Schafer claimed that Napoleon had scammed him.[11]
    • The couple divorced around 1940. With much of the wealth from the book going to Rosa, Napoleon returned to his pursuit of success.[15] Rosa proceeded to marry her divorce lawyer. Hill and Rosa never repaid Blair for the $300 loan; indeed, Rosa taunted Blair about it.[11] Rosa would later write a self help book entitled "How to Attract Men and Money."[7]
    • In 1941 Hill published Mental Dynamite, but it was a commercial failure.[11]
    • Hill met Annie Lou Norman, who was 47 years old, where he rented a room from her. They married in 1943 and relocated to California. Hill went on the lecture circuit once again.[15] In 1947 he briefly hosted a show on KFWB Radio in Los Angeles. In 1952 he launched a new scam selling courses about success in Missouri. The scam soon collapsed, and he set up a firm called Napoleon Hill Associates to sell courses with W. Clement Stone. In the 1960s Hill and Stone fell out. Hill turned to selling his course Science of Success through franchises. In 1963 he founded the Napoleon Hill Foundation.[11]
    • Philosophy of Achievement [ edit ] Napoleon Hill holding his book Think and Grow Rich, 1937.Hill's "Philosophy of Achievement", offered as a formula for rags-to-riches success, was published initially in the 1928 multi-volume study course entitled The Law of Success,[21] a rewrite of a 1925 manuscript. Hill identified freedom, democracy, capitalism, and harmony as being among the foundations to his "Philosophy of Achievement". He asserted that without these foundations, great personal achievements would not be possible.[22][23]
    • Hill claimed his philosophy was superior to those of others and that its principles were responsible for the successes of Americans. Hill blamed failure on such emotions as fear and selfishness.[24]
    • A "secret" of achievement was discussed in Think and Grow Rich, but Hill did not explicitly identify this secret in the book, insisting that readers would benefit most if they discovered it for themselves.
    • In the introduction, Hill states of the "secret" that Andrew Carnegie "carelessly tossed it into my mind" and that it inspired Manuel L. Quezon of the Philippine Islands to "gain freedom for his people". Although he mentions a "burning desire for money" repeatedly throughout the book, he suggests that avarice is not his "secret" at all. Indeed, in The Law of Success, published nine years earlier, he identifies the secret as the Golden Rule, insisting that only by working harmoniously and cooperating with other individuals or groups of individuals and thereby creating value and benefit for them can one create sustainable achievement for oneself.[citation needed ]
    • Hill returned to the topic of a secret in a 1967 book, where he explicitly stated:
    • Anything the human mind can believe, the human mind can achieve. That is the Supreme Secret.... This is the secret known in bygone times; thisis the secret which governs present-day accomplishment; this is the secret which will follow man to the stars. This is the secret of the ages.
    • '--'ŠNapoleon Hill, Grow Rich!: With Peace of Mind, Chapter 14
    • He presents the notion of a "Definite Major Purpose" as a challenge to his readers to ask themselves: "In what do I truly believe?" According to Hill, "98%" of people have few or no strong beliefs, which made their achieving success unlikely.[25]
    • Hill declares that the life story of his son Blair is an inspiration to him, claiming that despite being born without ears, Blair had grown up able to hear and speak almost normally. Hill reports that his son, during his last year of college, read chapter two of the manuscript of Think and Grow Rich, discovered Hill's secret "for himself", and then inspired "hundreds and thousands" of people who could neither listen nor speak.[26]
    • From 1952 to 1962, Hill taught his Philosophy of Personal Achievement'--Lectures on Science of Success in association with W. Clement Stone.[27] During 1960, Hill and Stone co-authored the book Success Through A Positive Mental Attitude. Norman Vincent Peale is quoted saying that Hill and Stone "have the rare gift of inspiring and helping people" and that he owes "them both a personal debt of gratitude for the helpful guidance I have received from their writings."[28]
    • The book is listed in John C. Maxwell's A Lifetime "Must Read" Books List.[29]
    • Hill claimed insight into racism, slavery, oppression, failure, revolution, war, and poverty, asserting that overcoming these difficulties using his "Philosophy of Achievement" was the responsibility of every human.[25]
    • Influence of famous people [ edit ] Later in life, Hill claimed that the turning point of his life had been a 1908 assignment to interview the industrialist and philanthropist Andrew Carnegie. At that time, Carnegie was among the most powerful men in the world. Hill wrote, after Carnegie's death in 1918, that Carnegie had actually met with him at that time and challenged him to interview wealthy people to discover a simple formula for success,[30] and that he had then interviewed many successful people of the time. The authenticity of many of Hill's claims has been widely disputed. Napoleon Hill's collaboration with Andrew Carnegie has never been confirmed either by Carnegie himself or the Carnegie estate, and Hill allegedly only started making claims of interviewing Carnegie after he had died. Aside from Hill's writings, there are no accounts of the meeting taking place. Carnegie biographer David Nasaw stated that he "found no evidence of any sort that Carnegie and Hill ever met" or "that the book was authentic."[11]
    • The acknowledgments in his 1928 multi-volume work The Law of Success,[21] listed forty-five of those he had studied, "the majority of these men at close range, in person", like those to whom the book set was dedicated: Andrew Carnegie, Henry Ford, and Edwin C. Barnes (an associate of Thomas Edison). Hill reported that Carnegie had given him a letter of introduction to Ford,[31] who Hill said then introduced him to Alexander Graham Bell, Elmer R. Gates, Thomas Edison, and Luther Burbank.[32]
    • Endorsements for The Law of Success were allegedly sent in by William H. Taft, Cyrus H. K. Curtis, Thomas Edison, Luther Burbank, E. M. Statler, Edward W. Bok, and John D. Rockefeller.[31][32] The list in the acknowledgments includes, among those Hill wrote that he had personally interviewed, Rufus A. Ayers, John Burroughs, Harvey Samuel Firestone, Elbert H. Gary, James J. Hill, George Safford Parker, Theodore Roosevelt, Charles M. Schwab, Frank A. Vanderlip, John Wanamaker, F. W. Woolworth, Daniel Thew Wright, and William Wrigley Jr.[32]
    • Aside from these, Hill's other claims have been called into question. There is no known evidence that he aided President Wilson to negotiate Germany's surrender in World War I; that he helped President Roosevelt write his fireside chats; or that he was an attorney. There are no known records of Hill's meetings with the famous men he claimed to have interviewed besides for a brief photo op with Edison.[16]
    • Alleged spirit visitations [ edit ] Hill openly described visits from spirits in chapter 12 of his book Grow Rich! With Peace of Mind (1967). He described them as unseen friends, unseen watchers, strange beings, and the Great School of Masters that had been guarding him, and who maintain a "school of wisdom". Hill states that the "Master" spoke to him audibly, revealing secret knowledge. Hill further insists that the Masters "can disembody themselves and travel instantly to any place they choose to acquire essential knowledge or to give knowledge directly, by voice, to anyone else."
    • Grow Rich! With Peace of Mind was allegedly influenced by Hill's spirit voices; Hill cites the "Master", writing: "Much of what he said already has been presented to you in the chapters of this book or will follow in other chapters." In Chapter 14 of his book Think and Grow Rich (1937), he openly talks about his "invisible counselors" with whom he discusses various areas of his life. Hill refers to these meetings with his counselors as being real because he consistently told himself they were real, a principle he refers to as "autosuggestion". Hill does admit the talks were only real to him because of his imagination but professes his belief that the "dominating thoughts and desires" of one's mind make those thoughts real.[33]
    • Napoleon Hill died aged 87 on November 8, 1970.[34] He was worth about a million dollars.[16]
    • Hill's works were inspired by the philosophy of New Thought and the writings of Ralph Waldo Emerson and are listed as New Thought reading.[35][36][37]
    • Hill has been seen as inspiring later self-help works, such as Rhonda Byrne's The Secret. Gizmodo has called him "the most famous conman you've probably never heard of".[11]
    • Napoleon Hill Foundation [ edit ] The Napoleon Hill Foundation is a nonprofit foundation that promotes the teachings of Napoleon Hill. Following the death of Napoleon in 1970, the foundation and his widow Annie Lou were embroiled in a protracted court battle over the estate, which lasted into the 1980s. The foundation maintains a private archive of Hill's papers. It awards the annual Napoleon Hill Award. The foundation continues to sell Hill's books, courses, and leadership certificates.[11]
    • In 1995 the authorized biography of Hill's life, A Lifetime of Riches, was released by Michael J. Ritt Jr. (the executive director of the foundation) and Kirk Landers, which came to a number of controversial conclusions.[7]
    • The Law of Success (1928)The Magic Ladder to Success (1930)Think and Grow Rich (1937)Outwitting the Devil (1938, published 2011)How to Sell Your Way Through Life (1939)The Master-Key to Riches (1945)How to Raise Your Own Salary (1953)Success Through a Positive Mental Attitude (with W. Clement Stone) (1959)Grow Rich!: With Peace of Mind (1967)Succeed and Grow Rich Through Persuasion (with E. Harold Keown) (1970)You Can Work Your Own Miracles (1971)Dale CarnegieLaw of Attraction ^ "The Milwaukee Sentinel - Google News Archive Search". [dead link ] ^ Driscoll, Molly (April 26, 2015). "10 Best Self Help Books of All Time". Christian Science Monitor . Retrieved March 25, 2017 . ^ Chang, Larry (2006). Wisdom for the Soul. Gnosophia Publishers. p. 514. ISBN 978-0-9773391-0-5 . Retrieved September 10, 2014 . ^ Hill, Napoleon (1937). Think and Grow Rich. Chicago, Illinois: Combined Registry Company. ISBN 1-60506-930-2. A similar quote regarding Thomas Edison is on page 230. {{cite book}}: CS1 maint: postscript (link) ^ About Napoleon Hill Archived July 27, 2011, at the Wayback Machine, The Napoleon Hill Foundation. ^ Derby, George; White, James Terry (1977). "The National Cyclop...dia of American Biography: Being the History of the United States as Illustrated in the Lives of the Founders, Builders, and Defenders of the Republic, and the Men and Women who are Doing the Work and Moulding the Thought of the Present Time". J. T. White '' via Google Books. ^ a b c d e f g h i Lingeman, Richard (August 13, 1995). "How to Lose Friends and Alienate People". New York Times. Archived from the original on December 8, 2016 . Retrieved January 31, 2017 . ^ Ritt, Michael; Landers, Kirk (July 1, 1995). A Lifetime of Riches. Dutton Book. p. 23. ISBN 0525941460. ^ Ritt, Michael; Landers, Kirk (July 1, 1995). A Lifetime of Riches. Dutton Book. p. 17. ISBN 0525941460. ^ Ritt, Michael; Landers, Kirk (July 1, 1995). A Lifetime of Riches. Dutton Book. p. 46. ISBN 0525941460. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p Novak, Matt (December 6, 2016). "The Untold Story of Napoleon Hill, the Greatest Self-Help Scammer of All Time". Paleofuture (Gizmodo) . Retrieved August 13, 2019 . ^ "President of Lumber Company Is Missing". The Pensacola Journal. Pensacola, Florida. October 17, 1908 '' via Chronicling America: Historic American Newspapers, Library of Congress. ^ "Pointing the Easy Route to GETRICHQUICKLAND". Motor World Wholesale. Vol. 31. Chilton Company. April 12, 1912. pp. 39''41. ^ Ritt, Michael J.; Landers, Kirk (July 1, 1995). A lifetime of riches: the biography of Napoleon Hill . Dutton Book. p. 35. ISBN 9780525941460. ^ a b c d Emmert, J. M. (January 5, 2009). "Rich Man, Poor Man". Success . Retrieved March 25, 2017 . ^ a b c Farnham, Alan (August 7, 1995). "Seamy Side Of A Self-Help Swami A New Biography Reveals That Napoleon Hill, Author Of Think & Grow Rich, Which Has Sold Ten Million Copies, Knew Failure Well". Fortune. Archived from the original on July 12, 2018 . Retrieved June 18, 2019 . ^ "TWO WARRANTS OUT FOR MODEST NAPOLEON HILL". Chicago Daily Tribune. June 4, 1918 . Retrieved January 31, 2017 . ^ a b Ritt, Michael J.; Landers, Kirk (July 1, 1995). A lifetime of riches: the biography of Napoleon Hill . Dutton Book. pp. 88''91. ISBN 9780525941460. ^ Napoleon Hill's Greatest Speeches, N Hill, D Green ^ Ritt, Michael J.; Landers, Kirk (July 1, 1995). A lifetime of riches: the biography of Napoleon Hill . Dutton Book. pp. 122''125. ISBN 9780525941460. ^ a b Hill, Napoleon (1928). The Law of Success. Ralston University Press. ^ Hill, Napoleon (2011) [1925]. The Law of Success from the 1925 Manuscript Lessons. Vieux Publishing. ISBN 978-0578084916. ^ Napoleon Hill Foundation: About the "1925 Edition" of Law of Success ^ Kearns, Brad (2008). How Tiger Does It . McGraw-Hill Professional. pp. 24''25. ISBN 978-0-07-154564-8. ^ a b Hill, Napoleon (1937). Think and Grow Rich. Chicago, Illinois: Combined Registry Company. p. viii. ISBN 1-60506-930-2. ^ Hill, Napoleon (1937). Think and Grow Rich. Chicago, Illinois: Combined Registry Company. pp. 11, 52''63. ISBN 1-60506-930-2 . Retrieved May 3, 2010 . [dead link ] ^ "Napoleon Hill Timeline". Napoleon Hill Foundation . Retrieved March 25, 2017 . ^ Hill, Napoleon, Stone, W. Clement, Success Through A Positive Mental Attitude [Back Cover] Pocket Books (1991) ISBN 0-671-74322-8 ^ Maxwell, John (March 2008). "A Lifetime "Must Read" Books List" (PDF) . Archived from the original (PDF) on September 4, 2012 . Retrieved March 25, 2017 . ^ Hill, Napoleon (1937). Think and Grow Rich. Chicago, Illinois: Combined Registry Company. p. 8. ISBN 1-60506-930-2. ^ a b Ritt, Michael J.; Landers, Kirk (July 1, 1995). A Lifetime of Riches: The Biography of Napoleon Hill . Dutton Book. ISBN 0525941460. ^ a b c Hill, Napoleon (2010) [1939]. How to Sell Your Way Through Life. John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 978-0470541180. ^ Hill, Napoleon (1937). Think and Grow Rich. Chicago, Illinois: Combined Registry Company. ISBN 1-60506-930-2. ^ "Napoleon Hill". The Bee. November 10, 1970. p. 7 . Retrieved June 5, 2017 '' via Newspapers.com. ^ Horowitz, Mitch (January 1, 2009). Occult America: The Secret History of how Mysticism Shaped Our Nation. Bantam Books. p. 87. ISBN 9780553806755. ^ Starker, S. (2002) Oracle at the Supermarket: The American Preoccupation With Self-Help Books ^ Books : Religion & Spirituality : New Age & Spirituality : New Thought : Napoleon Hill, Amazon.com
  • John Curngton - Billionaire Logic and the Death of JFK '' Vridar
    • Link to Article
    • Archived Version
    • Wed, 24 Jul 2024 18:36
    •  
    • I am going to post in installments an interview that relates to the assassination of John F. Kennedy. Since reading the interview I have followed up some of the information and names mentioned and the more I learn the more questions I have. The interviewer, Greg Doudna, has kindly agreed to write an introduction. (I have previously posted on some of Greg's work '-- a totally different subject from this interview.)
    • John Curington The following is an interview with John Curington, former right-hand man of Texas oilman H.L. Hunt of Dallas, Texas, concerning the John F. Kennedy assassination.
    • In June 1977 the American tabloidNational Enquirer published a story reporting unusual information related by Curington relevant to H. L. Hunt and the JFK assassination. Despite its significance and relevance to an understanding of the JFK assassination, Curington's story attracted little further notice. Curington himself did not seek further publicity, living quietly in the intervening decades in rural Texas in obscurity as a small rancher and country lawyer. As an illustration of how under-the-radar Curington has been, the most encyclopedic compendium of JFK assassination information available, former Los Angeles County deputy district attorney Vincent Bugliosi's The Assassination of President Kennedy (2007; 1632 pages print plus an additional 1125 pages of footnotes on an attached CD-ROM), does not mention Curington's name, according to the index.
    • My interview with Curington came about by accident, through a long-time acquaintance who I belatedly learned is a friend of Curington's. I had read the National Enquirer article about Curington long ago and recognized who he was. I was surprised to learn he was still alive. This interview is the result.
    • By the time I met Curington he had prepared an unpublished manuscript of memoirs of his years with H. L. Hunt, which went well beyond the brief account inNational Enquirer of 1977. Curington's manuscript is now published (John Curington with Mitchel Whitington, Motive and Opportunity: The Means by which H.L. Hunt Influenced the Assassination of JFK, King, Bobby & Hoffa, 2018, available on Amazon).
    • This interview is appearing first onVridar, and to my knowledge is the first publication of a full interview with Curington. Many view the current political climate in the United States with foreboding. I believe it is instructive to recall an earlier time in American history with, in certain respects, parallel issues.
    • ''Greg Doudna
    • Billionaire Logic and the Fate of JFK
    • Interview with John Curington,
    • Right-hand Man and Attorney to H. L. Hunt of Dallas, Texas
    • (the Richest Man in the World in 1963),
    • Concerning the Assassination of President Kennedy
    • by
    • Gregory Doudna
    • H. L. HuntTexas oilman H. L. Hunt (1889-1974) of Dallas, Texas, was the richest man in the world in the 1960s'--oil, natural gas, land, companies producing food and energy, worldwide.
    • Mr. Hunt was also America's pre-eminent producer and purveyor of conservative, anti-communist ideology, through a daily radio program broadcast, at its peak, on over five hundred radio stations across America called Life Line. Hunt backed politicians who held political views he thought were best for business and for the country, and he was a close associate of J. Edgar Hoover, the long-time director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI). Hunt had a special phone line to Hoover and they talked frequently back and forth, on matters affecting the nation's business.
    • Hunt's Life Line program was relentlessly critical of President John F. Kennedy'--for ''creeping socialism,'' for being soft on America's enemies abroad and their fellow-travellers domestically, for cozying up to the satanic United Nations and the one-worlders behind that organization intent on America's destruction.
    • One of Hunt's sons, Bunker Hunt, helped pay the cost of a black-bordered full-page newspaper ad accusing Kennedy of traitorous actions. Its headline was: ''Welcome Mr. Kennedy: Why Are You a Communist?'' The black borders were like a funeral notice. This ad appeared in the Dallas Morning News on Friday, November 22, 1963. It was seeing that ad which prompted Kennedy to remark to Jacqueline at their hotel that morning, ''We're heading into nut country.''
    • November 22, 1963 was the day President Kennedy and First Lady Jacqueline Kennedy visited Dallas, overriding futile private pleas of people like Adlai Stevenson and Sen. William Fulbright to Kennedy not to make that trip, out of concern for his safety. But the trip had been planned and was regarded as politically necessary in the runup to the 1964 presidential elections. H. L. Hunt's political ally and fellow Texan, Vice-President Lyndon Johnson'--at that moment under investigation in Congress for a corruption scandal with a growing likelihood of being dumped from the Kennedy ticket in 1964 and ending up in disgrace'--had spent the preceding month at his Texas ranch preparing for Kennedy's visit to Texas.
    • And so it was that the President and First Lady waved to the crowds from their open limousine as it took its fateful slow hairpin turn in front of the Texas School Book Depository on Elm Street. Moments later shots rang out and part of Kennedy's head was blown off. The motorcade sped to nearby Parkland Hospital but it was hopeless; Kennedy was dead. Texas Governor John Connally also was shot but survived. Two hours later Vice President Johnson, riding in the same motorcade two cars back, was sworn in as the new President of the United States as a nation reeled in shock and grief. To this day, every American of a certain age and unimpaired memory remembers where they were when they heard the news.
    • An hour after the assassination, Texas School Book Depository employee Lee Harvey Oswald, an ex-Marine and returned defector to the Soviet Union with professed communist sympathies and associations (but oddly not a single known communist friend), was arrested and later that evening charged with the murder of a police officer and of President Kennedy.
    • 1 In 1997 handwritten notes of Will Fritz from his Oswald interrogations were conveyed by an anonymous donor to authorities and released publicly after the donor had been in possession of them since Fritz's death in 1984. Fritz's claim to have taken no notes is in his testimony to the Warren Commission (''I kept no notes at the time'').
    • Oswald was denied a lawyer despite repeated requests heard by reporters. When a delegation of attorneys from the Dallas Civil Liberties Union appeared at the police station intent upon ensuring that Oswald had access to counsel, they left without seeing the prisoner after being told that Oswald had made no specific request to see them (Oswald had not been told they were there). Veteran Dallas Police Captain Will Fritz questioned the accused assassin of the President for twelve hours over two days without recording any of it (there was no tape recorder handy in the police station, he later explained) and also, he claimed, without taking any notes.1 Oswald's story would not come out in court. Less than 48 hours after his arrest, on Sunday morning, November 24, 1963, Oswald was shot and killed while in police custody by Jack Ruby, a Mob-connected Dallas strip club operator friendly with Dallas police.
    • Veteran Dallas Police Captain Will Fritz '' image from Mary Ferrell FoundationWithin hours of the assassination the Federal Bureau of Investigation under Director J. Edgar Hoover, in consultation with the new president, took over control of the investigation from the Dallas Police Department. The FBI immediately assured the nation in definitive terms that the assassination had been done by Oswald acting alone, following which the investigation got underway.
    • Others however, such as some U.S. intelligence insiders seeking a cause of war for a desired invasion of Cuba, wanted it to be believed'--and privately Johnson himself let it be known to a few trusted friends and media sources on a strictly confidential basis (such as CBS television news anchor Walter Cronkite), that he too believed'--that Castro and/or the Soviet Union were behind Oswald's action.
    • But publicly Johnson appointed the prestigious President's Commission on the Assassination of President Kennedy, better known as the Warren Commission, to investigate. The Warren Commission relied in large part upon the FBI's investigation. One of the Warren Commission's seven members, Congressional Representative (and future president) Gerald Ford, secretly informed Hoover's FBI on an ongoing basis via a back channel of the activities of the Commission and the thinking of its members. Another member of the Warren Commission, former Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) chief Allen Dulles who had been fired by Kennedy, is believed to have functioned on the CIA's behalf to shield certain areas of inquiry from the Warren Commission's attention, such as a covert assassination program directed at (foreign) heads of state, which had been run by Dulles, that would later come to light in 1970s Congressional investigations.
    • Evoking a threat of nuclear war with the Soviet Union, President Johnson and members of his administration persuaded Commission members'--most notably Chief Justice of the Supreme Court and respected liberal icon Earl Warren who headed the Commission'--that it was imperative for the noblest of motives to find sole and complete responsibility for the JFK assassination began and ended with the dead Oswald.
    • And so it was that the lone-nut explanation of the JFK assassination became the conclusion of the Warren Commission in its final report issued on September 24, 1964, signed unanimously by all seven Commission members, even though at least three of those seven disagreed with the lone-assassin-without-assistance conclusion (Boggs, Cooper, Russell). Meanwhile, the question of Oswald's motive was left unexplained: it was a ''mystery.''
    • 2 Interview in ''Richard Russell: Georgia Giant,'' a documentary aired Feb. 11, 1970 on WSB-TV, Atlanta, Georgia. Donald E. Wilkes, Jr., ''Sen. Richard Russell and the Great American Murder Mystery'' (2003). http://digitalcommons.law.uga.edu/fac_pm/133.
    • Richard RussellOne of the seven Warren Commission members, Senator Richard Russell, said in a television interview in 1970, the year before he died, that he ''never believed that Lee Harvey Oswald planned that altogether by himself '... [T]here were so many circumstances there that led me to believe that you couldn't just completely eliminate the possibility that he did have some co-conspirators '... I'm not completely satisfied in my own mind that he did plan and commit this act altogether on his own, without consultation with anyone else. And that's what a majority of the Committee wanted to find.''2
    • A majority, he said? Disagreed with their own unanimous conclusion? They wanted to find differently than they did? Welcome to the surreal world of American politics of the 1960s.
    • ~ ~ ~
    • The ''lone nut'' conclusion of the Warren Commission was not the assessment of intelligence services of some other nations. Within the first months following the JFK assassination, the KGB (intelligence agency of the Soviet Union) as well as some European intelligence agencies concluded that the assassination appeared to have been a coup and that the deed had been pinned on the former USSR resident Oswald for the purpose of blaming the Soviet Union in the Cold War.
    • 3 Christopher Andrew and Vasali Mitrokhin, The Sword and the Shield (New York: Basic Books, 1999), 225.
    • ''[Soviet Premier] Khrushchev seems to have been convinced by the KGB view that the aim of the right-wing conspirators behind Kennedy's assassination was to intensify the Cold War '... The choice of Oswald as Kennedy's assassin, the KGB believed, was intended to divert public attention from the racist oil magnates and make the assassination appear to be a Communist plot.''3
    • ~ ~ ~
    • Attorney John Curington (1927- ), whose interview follows this introduction, was H. L. Hunt's right-hand man from 1960 to 1969. Curington's office immediately adjoined Hunt's office in Dallas's downtown Mercantile Bank Building.
    • Curington grew up in Farmersville, Texas, and graduated from Baylor University in Waco, Texas, followed by law school at Southern Methodist University in Dallas. In 1954 he began working as an attorney for Hunt Oil. By 1960 Curington was working directly for Mr. Hunt, doing things ranging from (as described by Curington) ''running HLH Products (the 'food division') to covering up tax-evasion schemes, collecting gambling debts, handling matters involving Hunt's secret family [of which Hunt had two in addition to his public family in Dallas] '... and carrying out covert political operations.''4
    • 4 Harry Hurt, Texas Rich : The Hunt Dynasty from the early Oil Days through the Silver Crash (New York: Norton & Co., 1981), 188-89.5 For fuller details see Hurt, Texas Rich, 276-308. After years of legal wrangling, Curington and another aide were convicted on three federal counts of mail fraud with a suspended sentence (''Hunt Aides Plan Appeal,'' San Antonio Express, April 19, 1975, p. 6).6 Martin Waldron, ''Family Fight Texas Style,'' New York Times, April 15, 1973, p. 173.
    • In 1969 during acrimonious disputes between Hunt's public family and his two other families, Curington left Hunt's employ. As the family feud escalated, Curington and other aides, having sided with one branch of Hunt heirs, were charged by rival family members with embezzlement.5 To give an idea of the world in which Curington operated in that era, here is a description from a 1970s legal brief:
    • ''The attorneys said that the two men [Curington and John K. Brown] 'have been H. L. Hunt's closely associated subordinates all through such periods during which, at his instance, or at the instance of members of his family authorized by him, they have engaged in many confidential and clandestine transactions for him with other persons such as holders and seekers of public office, labor leaders, actual or potential competitors, influential job holders in commercial contracts, professional sports figures and nonbusiness social persons.'''6
    • In this context a President was killed in Dallas. Five and a half decades later Curington has a story to tell.
    • Curington's story comes in the form of a new book, written with Texas regional author Mitchel Whitington, entitled Motive and Opportunity: The Means by which H. L. Hunt Influenced the Assassination of JFK, King, Bobby & Hoffa (2018, published by 23House, available on Amazon). In addition to vivid day-to-day portraits of what it was like to be the right-hand man to H. L. Hunt and how billionaire power worked in the 1960s, Mr. Curington maps out his firsthand account of H. L. Hunt's political dealings, and how and why he believes his former boss was involved in the assassinations of JFK (1963), Martin Luther King, Jr. (1968), and Robert F. Kennedy (1968).
    • Thanks to having a mutual friend in common and after he had seen a book I had written with a Texas theme, Mr. Curington granted me a rare recorded interview.
    • Although Curington is ninety, one would not know it in meeting him. I found Curington to be alert and active, of sharp and sound mind. In person Curington is lean, with a mustache and ten-gallon hat, looking like he could have just walked off the set of an episode of the old television show Bonanza. He walks unaided, no walking stick or cane or slow movements, and his hearing and vision are good. Before I met him I returned a phone call from him. A woman who answered said Curington could not come to the phone ''because he is out hauling hay.'' Was that just Texas or was it genes? In favor of the genes theory: Curington told me his grandmother lived to age 116.
    • The interview that follows took place March 1, 2018, in east Texas, and focuses on the JFK assassination. I have added a few notes to explain names and contexts. Mr. Curington has seen and approved this transcript. Here is this living voice of history, Mr. Curington.
    • ~ ~ ~
    • GD: Good morning Mr. Curington. I have read the manuscript of your book written with Mitchel Whitington, Motive and Opportunity: The Means by which H. L. Hunt Influenced the Assassination of JFK, King, Bobby & Hoffa. I would like to focus on the assassination of John F. Kennedy. You were Mr. Hunt's right-hand man in those years, right?
    • JC: Yes. My story goes back to 1960 at the Democratic convention in Los Angeles, California. At that time Lyndon Johnson was going to run for President of the United States. Lyndon was the most powerful politician in Washington. But he was under the guidance of Sam Rayburn, who was a Congressman from Texas and also Speaker of the House for many years.
    • (Sam Rayburn was a Democratic Representative to Congress from east Texas 1913 to 1961. He holds the record for longest tenure as Speaker of the House, over seventeen years.)
    • Sam Rayburn thought he had complete control of the Democratic convention. Lyndon Johnson thought he was completely in charge of the election and would be nominated. But after two or three days'--uh no, I'd say within a half a day'--of Mr. Hunt and I being at the Democratic convention, I reached the conclusion, and Mr. Hunt reached the conclusion, that Lyndon Johnson was not going to receive the nomination.
    • Lyndon Johnson would not accept that explanation from Mr. Hunt or anybody else. If you mentioned it to him there would be a loud cussing tirade, that, you know, we were wrong and he was right, and he was going to get the nomination. After a few hours period of time it became obvious to Lyndon Johnson that he would not get the nomination, and that John F. Kennedy would. At that time Mr. Hunt came up with the idea or the suggestion that for he, Mr. Hunt, to salvage his own business empire he had to have Lyndon Johnson in office, even if it meant him accepting the Vice Presidency. And the reason for that'--Mr. Hunt had enough confidence in Lyndon Johnson, that he, Lyndon, could influence John Kennedy as president and still get what Mr. Hunt wanted, and protect Mr. Hunt's interests in all government activities there.
    • But at that point the situation is, Lyndon Johnson didn't want the vice-presidency, and the Kennedys didn't want Lyndon Johnson to accept it. But politics make unusual bedfellows, and to convince each other that both were needed, it was necessary to sell and convince Lyndon Johnson that he had to take the vice presidency. Mr. Hunt's selling point on that was, without making any direct accusations or finger-pointing, that there were a lot of things that could happen to John Fitzgerald Kennedy while he was in office. Kennedy's health was not good. He had medical problems. He was in a high profile situation where he would be subject to people that wanted him out of office for one reason or another.
    • But without assuring Johnson in direct words that Kennedy would not live through the first four years, it was certainly put in a language that Lyndon Johnson could understand.
    • And that was an acceptable explanation as to why he finally agreed to take the second spot, on the theory that Mr. Hunt, I think convinced him that he could still pretty well run Washington, and that he, Johnson, could control Kennedy, and in the event if something did happen to Kennedy, then in that event Johnson would move into the presidency. And if it was late in the presidency, then Johnson would by all means be elected for four more years. In 1964 that would ensure Mr. Hunt of having control of his business activities through a Washington contact for the next several years.
    • GD: And you were there at those discussions in 1960?
    • JC: Yes, I was present there when those discussions were made.
    • GD: Hunt had his Life Line radio program, and was attacking Kennedy at the same time'--
    • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T_XUOYahqi8JC: Mr. Hunt for several years had developed what I called, or we called, pro-American programs. They were radio programs that originated and were distributed throughout the United States. His Life Line program was aired on over five hundred radio stations and at one time was at a daily cost in the neighborhood of five thousand dollars a day, which in today's money would be in excess of fifty thousand dollars a day. And this was Mr. Hunt's own money, you know, he wasn't under any grants, didn't get a contribution from anybody.
    • The program was designed to educate his listeners as to what was good for the government and what was good for business, and who should be in office and who should be replaced from office. It was Mr. Hunt's thought, if he released this daily radio program, that out of an estimated audience of five million people, there would be a sufficient number of people that would listen to and follow his suggestions or recommendations as to what should be done, or could be done, to remove those from power that should, in Mr. Hunt's opinion, not be expressing the views that they shouldn't express.
    • GD: Then we come down to 1963, and President Kennedy visits Dallas and he is assassinated. President Kennedy is assassinated, in Dallas'--
    • JC: Yes'--
    • GD: '--which is Hunt's city.
    • JC: Yes.
    • GD: All the books say that there was a lot of hostility toward Kennedy coming from Hunt's Life Line and as well as in the Dallas community. You were there at the time. Is that accurate?
    • JC: That's correct. But there's a little bit more foundation to that 1963 assassination that I think might be important to those who would have interest in making an evaluation. Back in 1963 Mr. Hunt and I spent a lot of time in New York. We always stayed at the Waldorf-Astoria. And had made arrangements to lease space at the New York World's Fair. And I believe the concession fee cost Mr. Hunt a million, about a million three hundred thousand dollars. And Mr. Hunt was going to build an amusement compound, but he leased the space primarily to have a distribution for Life Line material, which would be printed material, and radio transcripts, and TV transcripts. He knew the Fair would attract millions of people and it would give him the exposure that he heretofore had not had for that kind of distribution.
    • Robert MosesBut the director of the World's Fair, or the president of it, was a man by the name of Robert Moses. And Moses was a very powerful man from New York. I don't believe he was ever mayor of New York, but he sort of ran New York, you know, <unintelligible> matters there. Moses eventually elected to terminate Mr. Hunt's contract with the World's Fair. And that was after I had gone to Germany and bought several hundred thousand dollars worth of amusement rides to be used at the World's Fair.
    • (Robert Moses's termination of H. L. Hunt from the 1964 World's Fair occurred mid-October 1963.)
    • Well, by Mr. Hunt getting kicked out of the World's Fair, it not only cost him millions of dollars, but he turned to his old-time friend Lyndon Johnson for help to get reinstated. And Vice President Johnson told Mr. Hunt that the authority to kick him out of the World's Fair came from ''a higher authority.'' And he was unable to help him on that. Well, the only higher authority at that time was John Fitzgerald Kennedy. So I think at that time Mr. Hunt came to the conclusion that it was absolutely necessary for Kennedy to be removed from office in some way, and Johnson to move into the presidency.
    • And then in Mr. Hunt's mind Johnson would and could be reelected in '64 for another four years. So, with Johnson in office, Mr. Hunt felt confident that Johnson would and could control for him some other people that Mr. Hunt considered detrimental to some things'--detrimental to his political views and his business views'--Martin Luther King, Bobby Kennedy, and Jimmy Hoffa, who also met untimely deaths.
    • GD: And so Life Line, I think you mentioned, was a major'--
    • Facts Forum. Image from University of Houston Libraries News ArchiveJC: Life Line had to have a well-maintained office staff in Washington, D.C. It had a crew of experienced speechwriters. It had to have a polished commentator. We had to have recording studios or facilities to duplicate tapes and different <unintelligible> of this. Everything was sent off, sent out to radio stations which numbered in excess of five hundred. They had to be mailed on a weekly basis, the tapes had to be returned, we reused them. It was a very, very large assignment just from a logistical standpoint. The program was produced on a six day a week basis. Fifteen minutes in length. It required a tremendous amount of research and documentation to put our program together. And J. Edgar Hoover, with the information that he had available, furnished quite a bit of information that we used in the Life Line program as well as Facts Forum.
    • (J. Edgar Hoover was the long-time Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation, 1935-1972.)
    • GD: And you said that J. Edgar Hoover and Hunt were in personal contact with telephone conversations frequently?
    • JC: I think they could be considered not only good friends but I think they respected each other, that both of them had the same political views, that both of them had the same views as to who was good or who was not for good, for the benefit of the government.
    • GD: And your office was right next to Mr. Hunt's?
    • JC: Yes, our offices were contiguous to each other, and very few people ever saw Mr. Hunt without coming into my office first. And as far as I know Mr. Hunt never made any efforts to keep me unaware of what conversations he was having with people. Telephone'--our doors were always open, and he could hear anything that I said, and I could hear anything that he said.
    • GD: And the conversations'--this was happening in 1963 along with other years, but this relationship with Hoover with Hunt was already happening?
    • JC: As far as I know, Mr. Hunt always had a close personal relationship and friendship with Hoover, so no, it was not uncommon at all to'--for Mr. Hunt to pick up the phone and call Hoover, or for Hoover to pick up the phone and call Mr. Hunt. Now that doesn't mean that they crossed every ''I'' and crossed every ''T'' with each other, but they felt free to communicate whenever they felt communication was needed.
    • GD: And General Edwin Walker was living in Dallas also?
    • 7 Edwin Walker, ''Why I Went to Oxford,'' Fourth Decade 8/2 (2001), 17-27 at 19, accessible at the Mary Ferrell Foundation website (www.maryferrell.org).
    • (General Edwin Walker, 1909-1993, was a Dallas-based nationwide conservative cause c(C)l¨bre after calling for resistance, which turned violent, to the U.S. government in Sept. 1962 in Oxford, Mississippi. President Kennedy had sent five hundred federal marshals to enforce court orders compelling the University of Mississippi to enroll fully-qualified African-American applicant James Meredith who was being refused admission because he was black. In a speech of Oct. 26, 1963, in Jackson, Mississippi, Walker said, ''The best definition I can find for Communism is 'Kennedy liberalism' '... [Kennedy is] the greatest leader of the anti-Christ movement.''7)
    • General Edwin WalkerJC: General Walker would be considered a friend of mine, and a friend of Mr. Hunt's. He was a visitor from time to time to our offices. Each time he came in I would visit with him, Mr. Hunt would visit with him, and it was not uncommon for him to pick up Life Line materials that we had used in a broadcast, or Life Line materials that were available to us that had not been put into a radio transcript.
    • GD: And among the conservatives, or the right, or whatever you want to call it, was it correct that General Walker was well-regarded as the most prominent figure in America almost?
    • JC: Well I believe General Walker was either a two- or three-star retired general. He had a very good reputation among people that were in the conservative family. I think he was well respected. But he was an individual who expressed his own views and as such he stepped on people's toes, and I think they really forced him out of the military, because he did have very strong conservative, what I call conservative, views there.
    • GD: Do you remember whether Lee Harvey Oswald was known to Hunt or Walker before the assassination?
    • JC: The only information I have on that is street talk, or whatever was printed in the newspaper. But I think even Marina Oswald, Lee Harvey's wife, did make statements to the effect that Lee Harvey Oswald did confess to her that he took a shot at General Walker. And as far as I know there was never a really thorough police investigation of the shooting. If so, I was not privileged to too much of the investigation. But it seems to me that there was an indication that Oswald was involved, but for reasons unknown to me there was really not much police followup on the shooting.
    • GD: Was Hunt aware of what Walker was doing?
    • JC: Oh yes, I think he approved. I never heard Mr. Hunt express displeasure with what General Walker said or what General Walker did. I would consider both of them on the same page.
    • GD: And Hunt had somebody working for Lyndon Johnson that was reporting on Johnson's affairs?
    • JC: We made arrangements to hire a person that was an ex-FBI man. He was a head speechwriter for Lyndon Johnson. But one of his duties was to'--and normally that would be done through me'--he was to keep me advised on a <unintelligible> basis as to who Johnson was talking to, normally the subject matter of the conversation, how long the person might be in the office, or just any general information that he felt like might be beneficial as to what Johnson was doing or not doing while he was in the office of president.
    • GD: That's a lot of information.
    • JC: Yo.
    • GD: So then we come to'--Kennedy is assassinated.
    • JC: Yeah. . . . . . [continuing in next installment]
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  • Dark Legacy (2009) - IMDb
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    • Wed, 24 Jul 2024 18:23
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    • The death of John Kennedy is viewed through another angle in this conspiracy-themed film defending the theory that George Herbert Walker Bush was a key player in all aspects of the assassina... Read all The death of John Kennedy is viewed through another angle in this conspiracy-themed film defending the theory that George Herbert Walker Bush was a key player in all aspects of the assassination of American president John F. Kennedy. The death of John Kennedy is viewed through another angle in this conspiracy-themed film defending the theory that George Herbert Walker Bush was a key player in all aspects of the assassination of American president John F. Kennedy.
    • Review Deeply challenging.
    • For many, if not most, Americans the material John Hankey presents challenges some of our most deeply held cultural beliefs. That can make the video very hard to watch for many. But that in and of itself does not render Mr. Hankey's hypotheses as false. Can our deeply held, culturally instilled, predispositions prevent us from accepting information, facts, when this information is uncomfortable and threatening to what may be our preexisting world view? Having experienced the national trauma that accompanied the JFK assassination and, along with many others, having the lingering, inescapable impression that the official explanations were blatantly evasive and incomplete, I am glad there are scholars such as Mr. Hankey still working on the matter.
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    • By what name was Dark Legacy (2009) officially released in Canada in English?
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  • Space Cowboy - Wikipedia
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    • From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
    • Space Cowboy may refer to:
    • Space Cowboy (performer) (born 1978), an Australian performance artistSpace Cowboy (musician), stage name for Nick Dresti, an electronic music producer and performerSpacecowboy, a South Korean composer, record producer, singer and songwriter, who is a member of OnePiece"Space Cowboy", a song by the Steve Miller Band from the 1969 album Brave New World"The Joker", a 1973 song by the Steve Miller Band, often mistakenly called "Space Cowboy""Space Cowboy" (Banaroo song), from the album Banaroo's World"Space Cowboy", a song from the 1983 Jonzun Crew album Lost in Space"Space Cowboy", a song from the 1997 Savage album Babylon"Space Cowboy", a song from the 2000 'N Sync album No Strings Attached"Space Cowboy", a song from the 2000 Scooter album Sheffield"Space Cowboy", a song from the 2012 album "Eye of the Hurricane" by Ilse DeLange"Space Cowboy" (Jamiroquai song), appearing on the 1994 Jamiroquai album The Return of the Space Cowboy"Space Cowboy", a song from the 2010 Abney Park album The End of Days"Space Cowboy" (Kacey Musgraves song), from the 2018 album Golden Hour"Space Cowboy", a song from the 2021 ZillaKami album DOG BOYSugar Land Space Cowboys, the Triple-A affiliate of the Houston Astros in Minor League BaseballSpace Cowboy (video game), a 1984 video game from Avalon HillSpace Cowboy Online, alternative name in North America for the role playing game Ace Online"The Space Cowboy", a character in the Stephen King novel Gerald's Game"Deep Space Cowboys" is a term used in the Stephen King novel Lisey's StoryGeorge Peppard's character in Battle Beyond The StarsThe phrase "see you space cowboy" at the end of nearly every episode of the anime series Cowboy BebopPaulson, an Old West cowboy abducted by aliens in the Mothership Zeta add-on for Fallout 3Space Cowboys, 2000 Clint Eastwood film"Spaced Cowboy", a song by Sly and the Family Stone from the 1971 LP There's a Riot Goin' OnSpace Western, a genre often incorporating cowboys in outer spaceSpace pirates, often depicted as gunslingers rather than swordfightersTopics referred to by the same term
  • Hatfield''McCoy feud - Wikipedia
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    • Feud involving two families of the West Virginia''Kentucky area
    • Hatfield''McCoy feud Date1863''1891Caused byAmerican Civil War, land disputes, revenge killingsResulted inMore than a dozen killed from both sidesNine Hatfields imprisoned (including seven Hatfields who were imprisoned for life and one Hatfield who was executed)The Hatfield''McCoy Feud involved two American families of the West Virginia''Kentucky area along the Tug Fork of the Big Sandy River from 1863 to 1891. The Hatfields of West Virginia were led by William Anderson "Devil Anse" Hatfield, while the McCoys of Kentucky were under the leadership of Randolph "Ole Ran'l" McCoy. Those involved in the feud were descended from Joseph Hatfield and William McCoy (born c. '‰1750 ). The feud has entered the American folklore lexicon as a metonym for any bitterly feuding rival parties.
    • The McCoy family lived primarily on the Kentucky side of the Tug Fork; the Hatfields lived mostly on the West Virginia side.[1][2] The majority of the Hatfields, although living in Mingo County (then part of Logan County), fought for the Confederacy in the American Civil War; most McCoys also fought for the Confederates,[3] with the exception of Asa Harmon McCoy, who fought for the Union. The first real violence in the feud was the death of Asa as he returned from the war, murdered by a group of Confederate Home Guards called the Logan Wildcats. Devil Anse Hatfield was a suspect at first, but was later confirmed to have been sick at home at the time of the murder. It was widely believed that his uncle, Jim Vance, a member of the Wildcats, committed the murder.
    • The Hatfields were more affluent and had many more political connections than the McCoys. Anse's timbering operation was a source of wealth for his family, while the McCoys were more of a lower-middle-class family. Ole Ran'l owned a 300-acre (120 ha) farm. Both families had also been involved in the manufacturing and selling of illegal moonshine, a popular commodity at the time.[citation needed ]
    • The Hatfield clan in 1897Asa Harmon McCoy joined the 45th Kentucky Infantry on October 20, 1863. According to his Compiled Service Records, he was "captured by Rebels" on December 5, 1863, and was released four months later to a Union hospital in Maryland. At the time of his capture, he was recovering from a gunshot wound to the chest. During the early months of the Civil War, Asa joined a company of the Pike County Home Guards, under the command of Uriah Runyon, and it is thought he sustained the wound while serving in this unit. William Francis also led a company of Pike County Guards during 1862, a group of which attacked and shot Mose Christian Cline, a friend of Devil Anse Hatfield. Although Cline survived his wounds, Anse vowed to retaliate against the responsible parties. Some time in 1863, a group of Confederate Home Guards ambushed and killed Francis as he was leaving his house, and Anse took credit for the deed. Runyon later joined the 39th Kentucky Infantry and was killed on May 7, 1864, in Pike County, Kentucky. His Compiled Service Records say "Killed by Rebels".
    • On muster rolls beginning on May 6, 1864, Asa is reported in a Lexington hospital, suffering from a leg fracture. Beginning in December 1864, the 45th Kentucky Infantry began mustering its companies out of service. Asa's Company E was mustered out on December 24, 1864, in Ashland. He was killed near his home on January 7, 1865, just thirteen days after leaving the Union Army. A group of Confederate guerrillas took credit for the killing, and his wife's pension application states that he was "killed by Rebels". There are no existing records pertaining to his death, and no warrants were issued in connection with the murder. McCoy family tradition points to James "Jim" Vance, an uncle of Anse and a member of a West Virginia militia group, as the culprit.[5][6][7][8]
    • The second recorded instance of violence in the feud occurred thirteen years later, in 1878, after a dispute about the ownership of a hog: Floyd Hatfield, a cousin of Anse, owned the hog, but Randolph McCoy claimed it was his,[9] saying that the notches on the pig's ears were McCoy, not Hatfield, marks. The matter was taken to the local Justice of the Peace, Anderson "Preacher Anse" Hatfield,[10] who ruled in favor of the Hatfields by the testimony of Bill Staton, a relative of both families. In June 1880, Staton was killed by two McCoy brothers, Sam and Paris, who were later acquitted on the grounds of self-defense.
    • A section of the flood wall along the Tug Fork in Matewan, West Virginia, constructed by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, depicts the Hatfield''McCoy feud.The feud escalated after Roseanna McCoy entered a relationship with Devil Anse's son Johnson, known as "Johnse" (spelled "Jonce" in some sources), leaving her family to live with the Hatfields in West Virginia. Roseanna eventually returned to the McCoys, but when the couple tried to resume their relationship, Johnse was arrested by the McCoys on outstanding Kentucky bootlegging warrants. He was freed from McCoy custody only when Roseanna made a desperate midnight ride to alert Anse, who organized a rescue party. The Hatfield party surrounded the McCoys and took Johnse back to West Virginia before he could be transported the next day to the county seat in Pikeville, Kentucky. Despite what was seen as her betrayal of her own family on his behalf, Johnse thereafter abandoned the pregnant Roseanna for her cousin, Nancy McCoy, whom he wed in 1881.
    • The feud continued in 1882 when Ellison Hatfield, brother of Anse, was killed by three of Roseanna's younger brothers: Tolbert, Phamer (Pharmer), and Bud.[11] On an election day in Kentucky, the three McCoy brothers fought a drunken Ellison and another Hatfield brother; Ellison was stabbed 26 times and finished off with a gunshot. The McCoy brothers were initially arrested by Hatfield constables and were taken to Pikeville for trial. Secretly, Anse organized a large group of vigilantes and intercepted the constables and their McCoy prisoners before they reached Pikeville. The brothers were taken by force to West Virginia. When Ellison died from his injuries, all three McCoy brothers were killed by the Hatfields in turn: they were tied to pawpaw bushes and each was shot numerous times, with a total of fifty shots fired. Their bodies were described as "bullet-riddled". Soon, another McCoy, the second son of the murdered Asa named Larkin "Lark" McCoy, was ambushed by an alleged West Virginia posse led by the Hatfields.[13]
    • Even though the Hatfields and most inhabitants of the area believed their revenge was warranted, up to about twenty men, including Anse, were indicted. All of the Hatfields eluded arrest; this angered the McCoy family, who took their cause up with Perry Cline.[14] Upon hearing of the meeting, Anse resolved to stop Randall and sent gunmen to ambush Randall and his son Calvin, but the gunmen killed Randall's nephews John and Henderson Scott instead after mistaking them for their targets.[15] Cline, who was Martha McCoy's brother, is believed to have used his political connections to reinstate the charges and announced rewards for the Hatfields' arrests as an act of revenge. A few years prior, Cline had lost a lawsuit against Anse over the deed to thousands of acres of land, subsequently increasing the hatred between the two families.
    • Days after the killing of the Scotts, acting constable Cap Hatfield and family friend Tom Wallace broke into the house of Bill Daniels and flogged his wife Mary, sister of Jeff McCoy, who they suspected of warning her brother's family of danger. Jeff McCoy heard of the whipping in 1886 while on the run for the murder of mail carrier Fred Wolford. Infuriated, he and his friend Josiah Hurley set out to capture Tom Wallace and take him to jail in Pikeville, but he escaped them.[16] As Jeff tried to flee, he was shot dead by Cap and Wallace on the banks of the Tug Fork.[17] Two other McCoys, Jake and Larkin, once again attempted to arrest Tom Wallace for the assault on Mary Daniels in August 1887, but he managed to escape from jail; he was found murdered the following year, likely by the McCoys.[18] Larkin "Lark" McCoy was the second son of the murdered Asa McCoy. He too was ambushed and murdered by an alleged West Virginia posse led by the Hatfields.[19]
    • The feud reached its peak during the 1888 New Year's Night Massacre. Cap and Vance led several members of the Hatfield clan to surround the McCoy cabin and opened fire on the sleeping family.[14] Awakened by the shooting, the McCoys managed to grab their weapons and fired back.[20] The cabin was then set on fire in an effort to drive the McCoys into the open.
    • Panicking, the McCoys rushed to every exit they could find. Randolph managed to escape and hide inside the pig pen. Most of his children managed to escape into the woods. Two of Randolph's children, Calvin and Alifair, were shot and killed near the family well as they exited their home.[20][21] Randolph's wife, Sarah, was caught, beaten, and almost killed by Vance and Johnse. With his house burning, Randolph and his remaining family members were able to escape farther into the wilderness; his children, unprepared for the elements, suffered frostbite. The remaining McCoys moved to Pikeville to escape the West Virginia raiding parties.
    • Battle of the Grapevine Creek [ edit ] Between 1880 and 1891, the feud claimed more than a dozen members of the two families. On one occasion, the governors of West Virginia and Kentucky even threatened to have their militias invade each other's states. In response, Kentucky Governor S. B. Buckner sent his Adjutant General Sam Hill to Pike County to investigate the situation.[22]
    • A few days after the New Year's Massacre, a posse led by Pike County Deputy Sheriff Frank Philipps rode out to track down Anse's group across the state line into West Virginia. Two McCoys were members of Philipps' posse, Bud and one of Randolph's sons, James "Jim" McCoy.[23] The posse's first victim was Vance, who was killed in the woods after he refused to be arrested. Philipps then made other successive raids on Hatfield homes and supporters, capturing many and killing another three Hatfield supporters,[24] before cornering the rest in Grapevine Creek on January 19.[25] Unfortunately for Philipps, Anse and other Hatfields were waiting for them with an armed group of their own. A battle ensued between the two parties, and the Hatfields were eventually apprehended.[14] A deputy, Bill Dempsey, was wounded and executed by Frank Philipps after they surrendered.[24] On August 24, 1888, eight of the Hatfields and their friends were indicted for the murder of Randolph's young daughter, Alifair McCoy (sometimes spelled Allaphare), who was killed during the New Year's Massacre. They included Cap, Johnse, Robert and Elliot Hatfield, Ellison Mounts, French Ellis, Charles Gillespie, and Thomas Chambers.
    • Because of issues of due process and illegal extradition, the United States Supreme Court became involved (Mahon v. Justice, 127 U.S. 700 (1888)).[27] The Supreme Court ruled 7''2 in favor of Kentucky, holding that, even if a fugitive is returned from the asylum state illegally instead of through lawful extradition procedure, no federal law prevents him from being tried. Eventually, the men were tried in Kentucky and all were found guilty. Seven received life imprisonment, while the eighth, Ellison "Cottontop" Mounts, was executed by hanging and buried in an unmarked grave within sight of the gallows.
    • Ellison had tried to retract his confession, stating that he was innocent and that he had only confessed because he expected leniency, but his retraction was denied. Thousands attended his hanging in Pikeville, but though the scaffold was in the open, its base was fenced in to comply with laws that had been passed which prohibited public executions. The hanging site is the current location of a classroom building of the present-day University of Pikeville. With his last words, Ellison claimed that: "The Hatfields made me do it." No one had been sent to the gallows in Pike County for forty years, and after Ellison, no one ever was again.
    • Of those sent to prison:
    • Valentine "Uncle Wall" Hatfield, elder brother of Anse, was overshadowed by Anse's ambitions but was one of the eight convicted, dying in prison of unknown causes. He had petitioned his brothers to assist in his emancipation from jail, but none came for fear of being captured and brought to trial. He was buried in the prison cemetery, which has since been paved over.Doc D. Mahon, son-in-law of Valentine and brother of Pliant, one of the eight Hatfields convicted, served 14 years in prison before returning home to live with his son, Melvin.Pliant Mahon, son-in-law of Valentine, served fourteen years in prison before returning home to rejoin his ex-wife, who had remarried but left her second husband to live with Pliant again.Fighting between the families eased following the hanging of Mounts. Trials continued for years until the 1901 trial of Johnse, who was sentenced to life imprisonment for his involvement in the New Year's Massacre in the last of the feud trials.
    • In 1979, the families united for a special week's taping of the popular game show Family Feud, in which they played for a cash prize and a pig which was kept on stage during the games.[29] The McCoy family won the week-long series three games to two. While the Hatfield family won more money '' $11,272.32 to the McCoys' $8,459.53'--the decision was made to augment the McCoy family's winnings to $11,273.37.[30][better source needed ]
    • Tourists travel to those parts of West Virginia and Kentucky each year to examine the relics that remain from the days of the feud. In 1999, a large project known as the "Hatfield and McCoy Historic Site Restoration" was completed, funded by a federal grant from the Small Business Administration. Many improvements to various feud sites were completed. A committee of local historians spent months researching reams of information to find out about the factual history of the events surrounding the feud. This research was compiled in an audio compact disc, the Hatfield''McCoy Feud Driving Tour, which is available only at the Pike County Tourism CVB Visitors Center in Pikeville. The CD is a self-guided driving tour of the restored feud sites and includes maps and pictures as well as the audio CD. The driving tour leads visitors to feud related points of interest including the gravesites of the feudists, the "Hog Trial Cabin", also known as Valentine Hatfield's cabin, Randolph McCoy's homeplace and well in Hardy, Kentucky, Aunt Betty's House and many more sites, some complete with historical markers.[31]
    • Great-great-great-grandsons Bo McCoy and Ron McCoy of feud patriarch Randolph McCoy organized a joint family reunion of the Hatfield and McCoy families in 2000 that garnered national attention. More than 5,000 people attended.[32]
    • The Hatfield''McCoy feud is featured in a musical comedy dinner show in Pigeon Forge, Tennessee.Hatfield''McCoy production (July 2012)In 2002, Bo and Ron McCoy brought a lawsuit to acquire access to the McCoy Cemetery which holds the graves of six family members, including five slain during the feud. The McCoys took on a private property owner, John Vance, who had restricted access to the cemetery.[33]
    • In the 2000s, a 500-mile (800 km) all-terrain vehicle trail system, the Hatfield''McCoy Trails, was created around the theme of the feud.[34]
    • On June 14, 2003, in Pikeville, Kentucky, the McCoy cousins partnered with Reo Hatfield of Waynesboro, Virginia, to declare an official truce between the families. Reo Hatfield said that he wanted to show that if the two families could reach an accord, others could also. He had said that he wanted to send a broader message to the world that when national security is at risk, Americans put their differences aside and stand united: "We're not saying you don't have to fight because sometimes you do have to fight," he said. "But you don't have to fight forever." Signed by more than sixty descendants during the fourth Hatfield''McCoy Festival, the truce was touted as a proclamation of peace, saying "We ask by God's grace and love that we be forever remembered as those that bound together the hearts of two families to form a family of freedom in America." Governor Paul E. Patton of Kentucky and Governor Bob Wise of West Virginia signed proclamations declaring June 14 Hatfield and McCoy Reconciliation Day. Ron McCoy, one of the festival's founders, said it is unknown where the three signed proclamations will be exhibited and that "the Hatfields and McCoys symbolize violence and feuding and fighting, but by signing this, hopefully people will realize that's not the final chapter."[citation needed ]
    • The Hatfield and McCoy Reunion Festival and Marathon are held annually in June on a three-day weekend. The events take place in Pikeville, Kentucky, Matewan, West Virginia, and Williamson, West Virginia. The festival commemorates the famed feud and includes a marathon and half-marathon (the motto is "no feudin', just runnin'"), in addition to an ATV ride in all three towns. There is also a tug-of-war across the Tug Fork tributary near which the feuding families lived, a live re-enactment of scenes from their most famous fight, a motorcycle ride, live entertainment, Hatfield''McCoy landmark tours, a cornbread contest, pancake breakfast, arts, crafts, and dancing. Launched in 2000, the festival typically attracts thousands with more than 300 runners taking part in the races.[35]
    • Statue honoring Randolph McCoy at the McCoy Homeplace in Hardy, KentuckyIn August 2015 members of both families helped archeologists dig for ruins at a site where they believe Randolph McCoy's house was burned.[36]
    • In September 2018, a wooden statue, standing over 8 feet tall, was erected in honor of Randolph McCoy at the McCoy homeplace in Hardy, Kentucky. Carved by chainsaw carver Travis Williams and donated to the property, this statue had been commissioned by McCoy property owner and Hatfield descendant Bob Scott. The statue was unveiled during Hatfield-McCoy Heritage Days in Pike County, Kentucky, an event that occurs every September that brings Hatfield and McCoy descendants back to Pike County to celebrate the long-standing peace between the families. The McCoy homeplace, like many others associated with the feud, is open to tourists year-round.[37]
    • The 1923 Buster Keaton comedy Our Hospitality centers on the "Canfield''McKay feud," a fictionalized version of the Hatfield''McCoy feud.
    • The 1938 Merrie Melodies cartoon A Feud There Was depicts a feud between two backwoods families, called the Weavers and the McCoys. It features Egghead as a peace activist - going by the name Elmer Fudd (before he was a hunter) - trying to put an end to the feuding between the two hillbilly clans.
    • The 1939 Max Fleischer cartoon Musical Mountaineers has Betty Boop wander into the territory of the Peters family who are at war with the Hatfields.
    • The 1943 Walter Lantz Swing Symphony cartoon Pass the Biscuits Mirandy! depicts the feud between the Foys and Bartons, basing off from the lyrics of a song of the same title.[38]
    • The 1946 Disney cartoon short The Martins and the Coys in Make Mine Music animated feature was another very thinly disguised caricature of the Hatfield''McCoy feud.
    • In 1949, the Samuel Goldwyn feature film Roseanna McCoy told a fictionalized version of the romance between the title character, played by Joan Evans, and Johnse Hatfield, played by Farley Granger.
    • The 1949 Screen Songs short "Comin' Round the Mountain" features another thinly disguised caricature of the Hatfield''McCoy feud, with cats (called "Catfields") and dogs ("McHounds") fighting each other, until a new school teacher arrives.
    • In 1950, Warner Bros. released a spoof of the Hatfield''McCoy feud titled Hillbilly Hare, featuring Bugs Bunny interacting with members of the "Martin family", obviously a reference to a family in the other famous Kentucky feud, the Rowan County War who had been feuding with the "Coy family". When Bugs Bunny is asked, "Be y'all a Martin or be y'all a Coy rabbit?", Bugs answers, "Well, my friends say I'm very coy!" and laughs. The Martin brothers chase Bugs for the rest of the short and are outwitted by him at every turn.
    • The 1951 Abbott and Costello feature Comin' Round the Mountain features a feud between the Winfields and McCoys.
    • The 2007 movie Pumpkinhead: Blood Feud portrays the feud between the Hatfields and McCoys, but the circumstances of the feud are different.
    • In 2012, Lionsgate Films released a direct-to-DVD film titled Hatfields & McCoys: Bad Blood, starring Jeff Fahey, Perry King, and Christian Slater. This was another thinly-disguised fictional version of the conflict.
    • Members of the Hatfield clan appear in Manly Wade Wellman's 1957 short story Old Devlins Was A-Waiting alongside fictional great-grandchildren of both the Hatfields and McCoys.
    • The Lucky Luke adventure Les Rivaux de Painful Gulch (The Rivals of Painful Gulch) from 1962 was inspired by the Hatfield''McCoy feud.
    • Ann Rinaldi authored a 2002 historical novel titled The Coffin Quilt, based on a fictionalized account of the feud.[39]
    • In Kurt Vonnegut's 1976 novel Slapstick, a frontiersman dressed like "Davy Crockett" kills a man charged with conveying a message to the former of the United States because he mistakes him for Newton McCoy. When the frontiersman is asked his name, he replies "Byron Hatfield".
    • In Mark Twain's 1884 novel Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, the Grangerfords, an aristocratic Kentuckian family headed by the sexagenarian Colonel Saul Grangerford, take Huck in after he is separated from Jim on the Mississippi. Huck becomes close friends with the youngest male of the family, Buck Grangerford, who is Huck's age. By the time Huck meets them, the Grangerfords have been engaged in an age-old blood feud with another local family, the Shepherdsons. He also becomes the unwitting correspondent between two young lovers among the families, an elopement which leads to a battle between the two families and the loss of several lives on both sides.
    • The 1960 episode of "The Andy Griffith Show" titled "A Feud is a Feud" has a Wakefield and a Carter trying to prevent Andy, in his role as Justice of the Peace, from marrying two young lovers on opposite sides of the feud. Andy calls the two feuding fathers to a duel when he finds out that "not nary a shot had ever been fired during this feud". Both prove to be cowards in comparison with their courageous children, and the feuding fathers order Andy at gunpoint: "Sheriff, get to marryin'!"
    • In the Bonanza episode "The Gunmen" (season 1, episode 19; aired January 23, 1960) Joe and Hoss were mistaken for two gunmen called Sladeboys that were hired by Mcfadden (McCoy) to take out the Hatfields in the small Texas town of Kiowa Flats.[40]
    • In the story arc "Missouri Mish Mash" in season 3 of The Adventures of Rocky and Bullwinkle and Friends (1961''62), the heroes are drawn into the feud between the "Hatfuls" and the "Floys", unaware that both sides are secretly controlled by their nemesis Boris Badenov. They finally get elected to Congress from the area, and end the feud by responding to their "constitutents"' request to move the other side out of the district... not telling that they are doing to both sides.
    • The Flintstones featured a feud between the Hatrocks and the Flintstones in the episode "The Flintstone Hillbillies" (aired January 16, 1964), which was loosely based upon the Hatfield''McCoy feud. They later returned in "The Hatrocks and the Gruesomes" (aired January 22, 1965) where they visit Fred and are shown to dislike bug music. The Hatrock family consist of Jethro Hatrock (voiced by Howard Morris), Gravella Hatrock (voiced by Bea Benaderet), Zack Hatrock (voiced by Mel Blanc), Slab Hatrock (voiced by Howard Morris), Granny Hatrock (voiced by June Foray in "The Flintstone Hillbillies", Gerry Johnson in "The Hatrocks and the Gruesomes"), Benji Hatrock (voiced by Doug Young), and their dogasaurus Percy.
    • The 1968 Merrie Melodies cartoon "Feud with a Dude" has the character Merlin the Magic Mouse trying to make peace with the two families, only to end up as the new target. This short has Hatfield claiming McCoy stole his hen, while McCoy claims Hatfield stole his pig.
    • The Ghost of Witch McCoy appears as the main villain in The Scooby-Doo Show episode "The Ozark Witch Switch". When a fictional member of the McCoy family hanged for witchcraft, she exacts her vengeance by turning Hatfields into frogs.
    • A 1975 television movie titled The Hatfields and the McCoys told a fictionalized version of the story. It starred Jack Palance as "Devil Anse" Hatfield and Steve Forrest as "Randall" McCoy.
    • An episode of the Cartoon Network time travel animated series Time Squad, titled 'Feud For Thought' (aired October 26, 2001) with David Anse Hatfield voiced by Fred Tatasciore and Randall McCoy voiced by John Kassir. The Time Squad going back to the time of the Hatfields and the McCoys, where they find that the McCoys are being peaceful rather than fighting. This poses a threat to established history, leading the titular team to try and restore the feud.[41]
    • A fifth-season episode of The West Wing has the Communications Director describe the feud between Israelis and Palestinians as "Hatfield and McCoy".
    • The two feuding Virginia families in the 2007 made-for-TV film Pumpkinhead: Blood Feud are called Hatfield and McCoy.
    • The second-season episode Vanished of NCIS takes place in a rural valley in Virginia, the two sides of which are feuding in a manner that Leroy Jethro Gibbs compares to the Hatfields and McCoys.
    • The eleventh episode of Bones season 7, entitled The Family in the Feud, is about a long-running family feud that main character Seeley Booth likens to the Hatfield''McCoy feud.
    • From May 28''30, 2012, U.S. television network The History Channel aired a three-part miniseries titled Hatfields & McCoys,[42] starring Kevin Costner as William Anderson "Devil Anse" Hatfield and co-starring Bill Paxton as Randolph "Ole Ran'l" McCoy, Tom Berenger as Jim Vance, and Powers Boothe as Judge Valentine "Wall" Hatfield.[43] The miniseries set the record as the most-watched entertainment telecast in the history of advertising-supported basic cable.[44]
    • A pair of rifles owned by the Hatfields and the McCoys appeared as a pair of artifacts in the fourth season of the Syfy original show Warehouse 13. Within the show, the rifles have the ability to attract each other like magnets but open fire when they get close enough to each other.[45]
    • In 2013, NBC commissioned a pilot for a television show updating the feud to present-day Pittsburgh with Rebecca De Mornay, Virginia Madsen, Sophia Bush, and James Remar but it was not picked up.[46]
    • On August 1, 2013, the reality television series Hatfields & McCoys: White Lightning premiered on the History channel. The series begins with an investor offering to set up the feuding families into business making moonshine, and follows the families' attempt to run the business together.[47]
    • In an episode of Modern Family originally aired January 15, 2014, titled "Under Pressure," Cam is working as a gym teacher who has plans to let parents play dodgeball with each other at the school's open house, and wants to divide the two teams into Hatfields and McCoys. The school principal frowns upon this idea, however, Gloria and a competitive mother played by Jane Krakowski decide to settle their score with such a game. Hurriedly Cam proclaims Hatfields for one side and McCoys for the other.
    • In episode 9 of the fourth season of the Chilean series 31 minutos, called "Westland", in the middle of the episode Tulio sees a "Oestelandia" between the Hatfields and the McCoys where the origin of the conflict is that one of the members of the Hatfields had stolen Grandma McCoy's potty. Near the end of the episode, they manage to end the conflict where in the credits both families play their instrumental version of the show together.
    • The fifth season of My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic featured an episode titled "The Hooffields and McColts", in which two clans have a longstanding feud over whether to use land for farming or construction. A similar theme was covered in Season 3, episode 9 of Littlest Pet Shop, "Feud for Thought", in which two koalas are at odds with each other but don't know why, other than that their owners are in a feud.
    • In the Ben 10 reboot, a season 3 episode called "Them's Fighting Words!" features a parody of the feud involving the Hartfields and the McJoys. The Hartfield family's known member is Cornelius Hartfield (voiced by Dee Bradley Baker) and the McJoy family's known member is Cornflower McJoy (voiced by Laura Bailey). The Hartfields and McJoys have been trying to claim ownership over a missing corn flute, accusing the other family of stealing it. The villain Hex actually finds it and starts summoning the ghosts of the family's ancestors (voiced by Dee Bradley Baker and David Kaye), finding out the flute's power increases the more the two families fight each other. Though Ben and Gwen are able to quell them and stop Hex's plans to create an army of ghost soldiers by revealing that it was meant to be shared by them as a marriage gift, ending the feud.
    • WGBH Boston's Public Broadcasting Service (PBS) American Experience episode "The Feud" (season 32, episode 1) originally aired on September 10, 2019, documenting the Hatfield-McCoy family feud 1863''1891.[48][49]
    • In the 16th episode of the 12th season of Family Guy, Herpe the Love Sore, the Hatfield-McCoy feud is briefly referenced in the History Channel's fictional show, The Guy who Lived in-Between the Hatfields and the McCoys.
    • The song "The Hatfield and the McCoy's" was written and sung by Eddie Martin, a Bristol-based musician and regular at the famous Old Duke. It is track 8 on Pillowcase Blues.
    • In 2018, Mountain Fever Records released a single from their album from Dave Adkins, Right Or Wrong. The song, "Blood Feud", written by Dave Adkins and Larry Cordle, is a retelling of the familiar story of the deadly discord between the Hatfield and McCoy families during the Civil War era.
    • Ice Cube's 1991 song ''My Summer Vacation'' includes a reference ''Feudin', like the Hatfields and McCoys''
    • In the song ''Black Cowboys'' from Jeru the Damaja's 1996 album "Wrath of the Math", he includes a reference ''We shoot sh*t up like the Hatfields and McCoys''.
    • Waylon Jennings' 1977 song "Luckenbach Texas (Back To The Basics Of Love)" includes the reference "... this successful life we're livin', got us feudin' like the Hatfields and McCoys" [50]
    • A dinner show based on the rivalry is performed year round in Pigeon Forge, Tennessee since 2010.[51]
    • In 2006, The House Theatre of Chicago debuted a Romeo and Juliet-inspired dramatization of the feud, Simply called Hatfield and McCoy. The company staged another production of this play in 2018 at the Chopin Theatre.[52]
    • The 2018 action-adventure video game Red Dead Redemption 2 features a violent feud between two families, the Braithwaites and the Grays, inspired by the Hatfield-McCoy conflict.
    • Devil Anse Hatfield family tree [ edit ] Names in red indicate those who were killed as a direct result of the feud.Names in orange highlight intermarriages between Hatfield and McCoy.
    • Randolph McCoy family tree [ edit ] Names in red indicate those who were killed as a direct result of the feud.Names in orange highlight intermarriages between Hatfield and McCoy.[54]
    • Jones''Liddell feudList of feuds in the United StatesNarcissism of small differences ^ "From Roots to Nuts: Hatfield Thomas, I". Genfan.com. Archived from the original on September 24, 2015 . Retrieved September 12, 2013 . ^ "Devil Anse Hatfield Biography (1839''1921)". Biography.com. A&E Television Networks. December 4, 2014 . Retrieved August 13, 2019 . ^ Farley, Christopher John (May 29, 2012). "How Realistic is 'Hatfields and McCoys'?". The Wall Street Journal . Retrieved April 1, 2016 . ^ Williams McCoy, Truda (1976). The McCoys: Their Story. Press of the Preservation Council of Pike County. ISBN 978-0-91681-400-7. ^ "Fold 3". Compiled Service Records of Union Soldiers 1861''1865. Washington, DC: National Archives. ^ Dickinson, Jack L. (2003). Wayne County, West Virginia in the Civil War. Higginson Book Co. ISBN 978-0-74044-086-1. ^ Cline, Cecil L. (1998). The Clines and Allied Families of The Tug River Valley. Baltimore, MD: Gateway Press. ^ Donnelly, Shirley (August 7, 1957). "Hatfield-McCoy Feud 75 Years Old Today". Beckley Post-Herald . Retrieved September 12, 2013 '' via WV Culture.org. ^ "Anderson "Preacher Anse" Hatfield". Ghat.com. Archived from the original on March 23, 2012 . Retrieved September 12, 2013 . ^ "On This Day in West Virginia History - August 7". www.wvculture.org. ^ Alther, Lisa. Blood Feud: The Hatfields And The Mccoys: The Epic Story Of Murder And Vengeance. Lyons Press; First Edition (May 22, 2012). p. 138. ISBN 978-0762779185 ^ a b c "The Hatfield and McCoy Feud". History.com . Retrieved October 24, 2013 . ^ Pearce, John (1994) Days of Darkness: The Feuds of Eastern Kentucky University Press of Kentucky ISBN 9780813126579 p. 64 ^ Pearce (1994), pp. 64'--65 ^ Kleber, John (May 18, 1992). "Hatfields and McCoys". The Kentucky Encyclopedia. University Press of Kentucky. p. 418. ISBN 978-0-81311-772-0. ^ Pearce (1994), p. 66 ^ Alther, Lisa. Blood Feud: The Hatfields And The Mccoys: The Epic Story Of Murder And Vengeance. Lyons Press; First Edition (May 22, 2012). p. 138. ISBN 978-0762779185 ^ a b Smith, Miranda (June 9, 2019). "Randolph McCoy Statue, McCoy Well, and Site of New Year's Day Massacre of 1888". The Clio . Retrieved December 15, 2021 . ^ Wheeler, Edward Jewitt; Crane, Frank (November 1888). "The Dramatic Story of a Mountain Feud". Current Literature. 1 (5). Current Literature Publishing Company: 417 . Retrieved September 12, 2013 . ^ "What in Sam Hill ... started the Hatfield and McCoy Feud? Report from the Adjutant General of Kentucky, 1888". National Guard History eMuseum. Kentucky.gov. May 29, 2008. Archived from the original on June 4, 2012 . Retrieved May 31, 2012 . ^ Rice, Otis K. The Hatfields and the McCoys. University Press of Kentucky; 1st edition (December 31, 1982). pp. 69-70. ISBN 9780813114590 ^ a b "Hatfields and McCoys". Encyclop...dia Britannica. January 28, 2014 . Retrieved December 20, 2015 . ^ "The Hatfield McCoy Feud". Hatfield and McCoy Country. Archived from the original on December 10, 2015 . Retrieved December 20, 2015 . ^ "Mahon v. Justice, 127 U.S. 700 (1888)". Findlaw.com . Retrieved September 12, 2013 . ^ "Game Show Network airs milestone episodes, including Hatfield''McCoy battle". ^ " "Family Feud" episode clip". YouTube. June 3, 2012. Archived from the original on November 14, 2021 . Retrieved September 22, 2014 . ^ Shepherd, Jay (May 2012). "Hatfields and McCoys Feud Tour". Pike County Tourism CVB. The Hatfield and McCoy Driving Tour is a self-guided tour that includes all historic sites, both in Kentucky and West Virginia, of the feud. ^ Powell, Kimberly (April 30, 2000). "Hatfield & McCoy - The Reunion They Said Would Never Happen". About.com. Archived from the original on July 11, 2014 . Retrieved September 22, 2014 . ^ "Hatfields, McCoys trade shots in court". Chicago Tribune. January 29, 2003 . Retrieved September 22, 2014 . ^ "Hatfield''McCoy Regional Recreation Area". National Recreation Trails. Archived from the original on April 7, 2015 . Retrieved September 22, 2014 . ^ "Hatfield and McCoy Reunion Festival and Marathon". Holidays, Festivals, and Celebrations of the World Dictionary. Detroit: Omnigraphics, Inc. 2010. ^ "Hatfields, McCoys work together with experts to help pinpoint key battle site in famous feud". The Daily Courier. Kelowna, British Columbia. August 7, 2015. ^ Shepherd, Jay (September 25, 2018). "Randolph McCoy Statue Unveiled at the McCoy Well, Hardy, KY". Pike County Tourism CVB. The Randolph McCoy statue stands approximately 8 feet tall, and is situated in such a way to provide visitors with a beautiful photo opportunity. ^ " 'Pass the Biscuits' Part of the Hatfield-McCoy Pop-Culture Legacy". www.tvworthwatching.com . Retrieved November 19, 2021 . ^ The Coffin Quilt. HMH Books for Young Readers. April 1, 2001. ISBN 978-0-15216-450-8 . Retrieved September 22, 2014 . ^ "The Gunmen". IMDb . Retrieved August 31, 2022 . ^ Time Squad#Season 1 (2001) ^ Imbrogno, Douglas (April 14, 2012). "Hatfield & McCoy feud fuels star treatment". Charleston Gazette-Mail. Archived from the original on June 6, 2012 . Retrieved April 16, 2012 . ^ "Hatfields & McCoys". History.com. Archived from the original on January 25, 2013 . Retrieved April 16, 2012 . ^ "Hatfields & McCoys' is a ratings record-setter". CBS News. Associated Press. June 1, 2012. Archived from the original on June 5, 2012. ^ " "Warehouse 13" '-- No Pain, No Gain episode review". Blast Magazine. August 21, 2012 . Retrieved October 29, 2019 . ^ Kenneally, Tim; Molloy, Tim (May 8, 2013). "NBC passes on 'Hatfields,' six other pilots, cancels 'Deception' ". TheWrap . Retrieved September 12, 2013 . ^ Shattuck, Kathryn (August 1, 2013). "What's On Thursday". The New York Times . Retrieved August 1, 2013 . ^ MacLowry, Randall (September 10, 2019), The Feud, American Experience , retrieved August 31, 2022 ^ "The Feud | American Experience | PBS". www.pbs.org . Retrieved August 31, 2022 . ^ "Waylon Jennings - Luckenbach, Texas (Back to the Basics of Love) Lyrics". Lyrics.com . Retrieved August 4, 2022 . ^ "Our Pigeon Forge Dinner Show | Hatfield & McCoy Dinner Feud". ^ "Hatfield and McCoy presented by the House Theatre of Chicago at Chopin Theatre". Theatre in Chicago . Retrieved January 25, 2024 . ^ "Family Group Record '' Randolph 'Ranel' McCOY (AFN:1RJ9-QNF)". FamilySearch.org. Archived from the original on June 1, 2012 . Retrieved May 26, 2012 . BibliographyPearce, John Ed (1994). Days of Darkness: The Feuds of Eastern Kentucky. University Press of Kentucky. ISBN 0-8131-1874-3. Rice, Otis K. (1982). The Hatfields and McCoys. The University Press of Kentucky. ISBN 0-8131-1459-4. Dotson, Tom (2013). The Hatfield & McCoy Feud after Kevin Costner: Rescuing History. CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform. ISBN 978-1-48417-785-3. Jones, Virgil Carrington (1948). The Hatfields and the McCoys. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press. ISBN 0-89176-014-8. Waller, Altina L. (1988). Feud: Hatfields, McCoys, and Social Change in Appalachia, 1860''1900. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press. ISBN 0-8078-4216-8. King, Dean (2013). The Feud: the Hatfields & McCoys, the true story. New York: Little, Brown and Company. ISBN 978-0-316-16706-2.
  • Carl Oglesby - Wikipedia
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    • Archived Version
    • Wed, 24 Jul 2024 17:32
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    • From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
    • American writer (1935''2011)
    • Carl Preston OglesbyCarl Preston Oglesby (July 30, 1935 '' September 13, 2011) was an American writer, academic, and political activist. He was the President of the leftist student organization Students for a Democratic Society (SDS) from 1965 to 1966.[1]
    • His father was from South Carolina, and his mother was from Alabama. They met in Akron, Ohio, where the elder Oglesby worked in the rubber mills.[1]
    • Carl Oglesby graduated from Revere High School in suburban Akron, winning a prize in his final year for a speech in favor of America's Cold War stance.[2] He then enrolled at Kent State University for three years before dropping out to attempt to make his way as an actor and playwright in Greenwich Village, a traditionally Bohemian neighborhood in New York City. While at Kent State, he married Beth Rimanoczy, a graduate student in the English department; they ultimately had three children (Aron, Caleb and Shay). After a year in New York, he returned to Akron, where he became a copywriter for Goodyear and continued working on his creative endeavors, including three plays influenced by Britain's "angry young men" literary movement (exemplified by "a well-received work on the Hatfield-McCoy feud")[1] and an unfinished novel.
    • In 1958, Oglesby and his family moved to Ann Arbor, Michigan, where he took a technical writing position with the Bendix Corporation, a defense contractor. He ascended to the directorship of the company's technical writing division before completing his undergraduate degree as a part-time student at the University of Michigan (where he cultivated a circle of friends that included Donald Hall and Frithjof Bergmann) in 1962.[3][4]
    • Oglesby first came into contact with members of SDS in Ann Arbor in 1964. He wrote a critical article on American foreign policy in the Far East in the University of Michigan's campus magazine. SDSers read it, and went to meet Carl at his family home to see if he might become a supporter of the SDS. As Oglebsy put it, "We talked. I got to thinking about things. As a writer, I needed a mode of action [...] I saw that people were already moving, so I joined up." He left Bendix in 1965 and became a full-time Research, Information, Publications (RIP) worker for SDS. [citation needed ]
    • It isn't the rebels who cause the troubles of the world, it's the troubles that cause the rebels.'--Carl Oglesby[5]He co-authored with Richard Shaull the book, Containment and Change which argued for an alliance between the New Left and the libertarian, non-interventionist Old Right in opposing an imperialist U.S. foreign policy.[6]
    • He became so impressed by the spirit and intellectual strength of the SDS that he became deeply involved in the organization. Despite the notable age gap between Oglesby and the traditionally-aged undergraduates who comprised most of the organization's membership, he became its president within a year. His first project was to be a "grass-roots theatre", but that project was soon superseded by the opposition to escalating American activity in Vietnam; he helped organize a teach-in in Michigan, and to build for the large SDS peace march in Washington on April 17, 1965. The National Council meeting after was Oglesby's first national SDS meeting. On November 27, 1965, Oglesby gave a speech, "Let Us Shape the Future," before tens of thousands of anti-war demonstrators in Washington. He compared the Vietnam revolution to the American revolution. He condemned corporate liberalism and accused corporate anti-Communists of self-righteously denouncing Communist tyranny, while ignoring the "right-wing tyrannies that our businessmen traffic with and our nation profits from every day."[7][8] The speech became one of the most important documents to come out of the anti-war movement. According to Kirkpatrick Sale: "It was a devastating performance: skilled, moderate, learned, and compassionate, but uncompromising, angry, radical, and above all persuasive. It drew the only standing ovation of the afternoon... for years afterward it would continue to be one of the most popular items of SDS literature."[9]
    • Oglesby's political outlook was more eclectic than that of many in SDS. He was heavily influenced by libertarian economist Murray Rothbard, and dismissed socialism as "a way to bury social problems under a federal bureaucracy."[1] He once unsuccessfully proposed cooperation between SDS and the conservative group Young Americans for Freedom on some projects,[10] and argued that "in a strong sense, the Old Right and the New Left are morally and politically coordinate":[11]
    • In his essay "Vietnamese Crucible," published in the 1967 volume Containment and Change, Oglesby rejected the "socialist radical, the corporatist conservative, and the welfare-state liberal" and challenged the New Left to embrace "American democratic populism" and "the American libertarian right."Invoking Senator Taft, Gen. Douglas MacArthur, Congressman Buffett, and Saturday Evening Post writer Garet Garrett, among other stalwarts of the Old Right, he asked, "Why have the traditional opponents of big, militarized, central authoritarian government now joined forces with such a government's boldest advocates?" What in the name of Thomas Jefferson were conservatives doing holding the bag for Robert Strange McNamara?[1]
    • Steve Mariotti, a teenage SDS colleague of Oglesby's in 1965, credits Oglesby with describing an early form of what became known as the two-axis Nolan Chart during a delivery of his "Let Us Shape the Future" speech in order to distinguish between authoritarian conservatives and liberty-loving right-wingers.[12]
    • In 1968, he signed the "Writers and Editors War Tax Protest" pledge, vowing to refuse tax payments in protest against the Vietnam War.[13] Also in 1968, he was asked by Black Panther leader Eldridge Cleaver to serve as his running mate on the Peace and Freedom Party ticket in that year's presidential election (he declined the offer).[1]
    • Oglesby was forced out of SDS in 1969, after more left-wing members accused him of "being 'trapped in our early, bourgeois stage' and for not progressing into 'a Marxist''Leninist perspective.'"[1] After the collapse of SDS in the summer of 1969, Oglesby became a writer, a musician and an academic. His self-titled album was released by Vanguard Records and later reviewed by Village Voice critic Robert Christgau, who wrote in Christgau's Record Guide: Rock Albums of the Seventies (1981): "In which the first president of SDS takes after Leonard Cohen, offering a clue as to why the framers of the Port Huron Statement didn't change the world in quite the way they envisioned. Overwritten, undermusicked, not much fun, not much enlightenment'--in short, the work of someone who needs a weatherman (small 'w' please) to know which way the wind blows."[14]
    • In 1970 he was a featured speaker at the "Left/Right Festival of Liberation" organized by the California Libertarian Alliance. This type of bridge building was not unlike Oglesby; three years earlier, he had written that, "...in a strong sense, the Old Right and the New Left are morally and politically coordinate."[15]
    • Oglesby moved to Cambridge, Massachusetts, where he founded the Assassination Information Bureau, an organization that has been credited with bringing about the United States House Select Committee on Assassinations.[16] He wrote several books on the assassination of John F. Kennedy and the various competing theories that attempt to explain it. According to Oglesby, Kennedy was killed by "a rightist conspiracy formed out of anti-Castro Cuban exiles, the Syndicate, and a Cowboy oligarchy, supported by renegade CIA and FBI agents."[17] He recorded two albums, roughly in the folk-rock genre, one titled "Going To Damascus."[citation needed ]
    • He taught politics at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Dartmouth College. He attended the April 2006 North-Eastern Regional Conference of the "new SDS" and where he gave a speech in which he said that activism is about "teaching yourself how to do what you don't know how to do."[18]
    • Oglesby died of lung cancer at his home in Montclair, New Jersey on September 13, 2011, aged 76.[19][20]
    • Oglesby has been credited with originating the term "global south," which he first used in a 1969 article.[21]
    • Oglesby was portrayed by Michael A. Dean in The Trial of the Chicago 7.
    • He appeared on The Ron Reagan Show on November 19, 1991, with David Lifton, Robert J. Groden, and Robert Sam Anson.
    • Containment and Change: Two Dissenting Views of American Foreign Policy, with Richard Shaull. Introduction by Leon Howell. New York: Macmillan (1967). OCLC 5432663. Contains Oglesby's award-winning essay, "Vietnam Crucible: An Essay in the Meanings of the Cold War," pp. 3''176.The New Left Reader. New York: Grove Press (1969). ISBN 978-8345615363. OCLC 44987.The Yankee and Cowboy War: Conspiracies from Dallas to Watergate. Kansas City: Sheed Andrews and McMeel (1976).Full text (hardcover). ISBN 0836206800.Full text (softcover). ISBN 0836206886.Bob Vila's Guide to Buying Your Dream House, with Bob Vila. Research by Nena Groskind. Boston: Little, Brown (1990). ISBN 978-0316902915. OCLC 19775698.[22]Who Killed JFK? Berkeley, Calif: Odonian Press (1991). ISBN 978-1878825100. OCLC 25093879.The JFK Assassination: The Facts and Theories. Signet (1992). ISBN 0451174763.Ravens in the Storm: A Personal History of the 1960s Antiwar Movement. New York: Scribner (2008). ISBN 1416547363."The Secret Treaty of Fort Hunt." CovertAction Information Bulletin (Fall 1990).Television documentaries [ edit ] Beyond JFK: The Question of Conspiracy (1992). Directed by Barbara Kopple & Danny Schechter.Articulate '60s Activist Looks Back To See How He Failed Making Sense of the Sixties] (January 21''23, 1991). PBS. Read excerpts.Rebels With a Cause (2000). Written and directed by Helen Garvey.Interviewed by Bob Fass (January 31, 1975). WBAI Radio (New York). doi:10.7916/d8-q3mg-7326.Interviewed by Bret Eynon (1981). New York Times oral history program. Contemporary History Project oral history collection, no. 35."Student Movements of the 1960s: The Reminiscences of Carl Oglesby." (December 12, 1984). Interviewed by Bret Eynon. Columbia University Oral History Collection (Cambridge, Massachusetts). doi:10.7916/d8-ga9g-2y51. Full transcript / audio.[23]"Former SDS Leader Insists That LaRouche 'Has Never Been a Marxist.'" Interviewed by Herbert Quinde. Executive Intelligence Review, vol. 13, no. 20 (May 16, 1986), pp. 32''33. Full issue.Rosenblatt, Rand K. "Carl Oglesby (Silhouette)." Harvard Crimson (February 15, 1966).Kauffman, Bill. "Writers on the Storm." Reason (Apr. 2008). Full issue."Former New Left leader Carl Oglesby on the '60s, his old friend Hillary Rodham Clinton, and the dream of a left-libertarian alliance."Carl Oglesby [LP] (1967)Going to Damascus [LP] (1971)Clandestine America: Selected Writings on Conspiracies from the Nazi Surrender to Dallas, Watergate, and Beyond. Cambridge, Mass.: Protean Press (2020). ISBN 978-0991352050. ^ a b c d e f g Kauffman, Bill (May 19, 2008) When the Left Was Right, The American Conservative. ^ Segall, Grant. ''Carl Oglesby Rose from Akron to Lead the SDS'' (Obituary). Cleveland Plain Dealer, September 14, 2011. Cleveland.com ^ ''Carl Oglesby: Interviewed by Bret Eynon''. Resistance and Revolution: The Anti-Vietnam War Movement at the University of Michigan, 1965''1972. The New Left in Ann Arbor's Contemporary History Project, July 1978. ^ Carl Oglesby Papers, 1942''2005 Archived August 19, 2017, at the Wayback Machine. University of Massachusetts at Amherst, Special Collections and University Archives. ^ Brosi, George (Winter 2012). "A Tribute To Carl Oglesby, 1935''2011." Appalachian Heritage, vol. 40, no. 1. pp. 8-9. doi:10.1353/aph.2012.0008. ^ Conger, Wally (2006). New Libertarian Manifesto and Agorist Class Theory. Lulu.com. ISBN 978-1847287717. ^ "Carl Oglesby, Antiwar Leader in 1960s, Dies at 76", By Margalit Fox, The New York Times, September 14, 2011 ^ Students For A Democratic Society (SDS), Document Library, Let Us Shape the Future, By Carl Oglesby, November 27, 1965 ^ Kirkpatrick Sale, SDS, p. 244 ^ Kauffman, Bill. "Writers on the Storm: Former New Left Leader Carl Oglesby on the '60s, His Old Friend Hillary Rodham Clinton, and the Dream of a Left-Libertarian Alliance." Interview with Carl Oglesby. Reason (April 2008). Full issue. ^ McCarthy, Daniel (February 24, 2010). "Carl Oglesby Was Right." American Conservative. ^ Steve Mariotti (October 23, 2013). "Economically Conservative Yet Socially Tolerant? Find Yourself on the Nolan Chart". Huffington Post. ^ "Writers and Editors War Tax Protest" January 30, 1968 New York Post ^ Christgau, Robert (1981). "Consumer Guide '70s: O". Christgau's Record Guide: Rock Albums of the Seventies. Ticknor & Fields. ISBN 089919026X . Retrieved March 10, 2019 '' via robertchristgau.com. ^ Oglesby, Carl, and Richard Shaull. Containment and Change: Two Dissenting Views of American Foreign Policy. New York: Macmillan (1967), p. 167. OCLC 5432663. ^ Greenberg, David (November 20, 2003). "The plot to link JFK's death and Watergate". Slate Magazine . Retrieved April 9, 2020 . ^ "The Yankee and the Cowboy War; Conspiracies from Dallas to Watergate". kirkusreviews.com. Kirkus Reviews. October 4, 1976 . Retrieved August 28, 2017 . ^ Buhle, Paul. "SDS Northeast Conference Report, Apr.23, Brown University (Providence, RI)." Documents from the SDS Northeast Regional Conference, Brown University, Providence, RI. Next Left Notes (April 2006). ^ "Author, '60s activist and anti-war leader Carl Oglesby dead at age 76". Washington Post. September 13, 2011 . Retrieved September 13, 2011 . [dead link ] ^ "Carl Oglesby, Antiwar Leader in 1960s, Dies at 76". New York Times. September 14, 2011. ^ "Year in a Word: 'Global South' ". The Financial Times. December 31, 2023 . Retrieved December 31, 2023 . ^ "Carl Oglesby." Gale Literature: Contemporary Authors. Gale (2011). Gale In Context: Biography. Gale H1000185836. ^ Also: Resistance and Revolution: The Anti-Vietnam War Movement at the University of Michigan, 1965''1972 at University of Michigan. Sale, Kirkpatrick (1974). SDS: Ten Years Towards a Revolution. New York: Vintage Books. ISBN 0394719654. See esp. 194''199.Rosenblatt, Rand K. (February 15, 1966). "Carl Oglesby (Silhouette)." Harvard Crimson.Russell, Dick (Nov. 1993). "From Dallas to Eternity." Boston Magazine. pp. 62''65, 82, 85''88.Gardner, Fred (2016). "The Working Class Stranger '' Carl Oglesby." O'Shaughnessy's'.Carl Oglesby at DiscogsCarl Oglesby at IMDbCarl Oglesby collection at the Harold Weisberg Archive via Internet ArchiveArchive of SDS documents, including two speeches by Carl Oglesby.Carl Oglesby Papers, 1942''2005 Archived August 19, 2017, at the Wayback Machine at University of Massachusetts at AmherstOglesby Songs Archived October 26, 2020, at the Wayback Machine '' Website devoted to the music of Carl Oglesby, including arrangements of several of his songs.Johanna Vogelsang. "I told you things were crumbling." (c.1975) at Center for the Study of Political Graphics
  • Groypers - Wikipedia
    • Link to Article
    • Archived Version
    • Wed, 24 Jul 2024 17:28
    •  
    • Loose group of far-right activists and internet trolls
    • Groypers, sometimes called the Groyper Army, are a group of alt-right and white nationalist activists, provocateurs, and internet trolls. They are notable for their attempts to introduce alt-right politics into mainstream conservatism in the United States, their participation in the January 6 United States Capitol attack and the protests leading up to it, and their extremist views. They have targeted other conservative groups and individuals whose agendas they view as too moderate and insufficiently nationalist.[3][4] The Groyper movement has been described as white nationalist, homophobic, nativist, fascist, sexist, antisemitic, and an attempt to rebrand the declining alt-right movement.[2][5][6][7]
    • Groypers are a loosely defined group of followers and fans of Nick Fuentes, a white nationalist, far-right political commentator and livestreamer.[8][2] After Fuentes, there is no clear second in the Groyper hierarchy. Groypers are named after a cartoon amphibian named "Groyper", which is a variant of the Internet meme Pepe the Frog.
    • Michelle Malkin, a conservative blogger and political commentator, has referred to herself as the "mommy" of the Groyper movement, though she plays a minor role in the cause.[9][10]
    • In February 2021, the Groyper movement splintered between Nick Fuentes and Patrick Casey over fears of infiltration by federal informants and doxing at the 2021 America First Political Action Conference, held by Fuentes. Jaden McNeil of America First Students joined in support of Fuentes' conference and accused Casey of disloyalty to Fuentes.[11][12] In May 2022, McNeil distanced himself from Fuentes in an "interpersonal clash of egos" following conflict over his former position as treasurer of Fuentes' America First Foundation.[13]
    • Ideology
    • Groypers are extremely conservative and critical of more mainstream conservative organizations, which they believe to be insufficiently nationalist and pro-white; thus, they appeal to racist and xenophobic individuals.[14] Groypers and their leaders have tried to position the group's ideology as being based around "Christian conservatism", "traditional values", and "American nationalism". Some Groypers downplay the extremism of their positions, and instruct others on how to engage in entryism and radicalization tactics such as slowly introducing their targets to increasingly extreme ideas. Despite attempts to brand themselves more moderately, the group is widely recognized as white nationalist, antisemitic, and homophobic.[1][17]
    • Fuentes claimed that he had been "oppressed" by "the Jews" and blamed antisemitic actions as being the Jewish community's own fault, claiming that matters "tend to go from zero to sixty" and that "the reason is them". Fuentes declared that matters would get "a lot uglier" for their community if they did not begin to support "people like us".[18][19] According to the Anti-Defamation League, Groypers blame the mainstream conservative movement as well as the political left for what they view as "destroying white America". They oppose immigration and globalism. Groypers support "traditional" values and Christianity and oppose feminism and LGBTQ rights.[1]
    • Describing the relationship between Groypers and the Republican Party, Nick Fuentes has stated, "We are the right-wing flank of the Republican Party." He summarized his political ambitions by stating, "We have got to be on the right, dragging [moderate Republicans] kicking and screaming into the future. Into a truly reactionary party."[20] In 2022, Fuentes advocated for a political "white uprising" to bring Donald Trump back to power and "never leave," wanting America to "stop having elections" and abolish the United States Congress.[21][22]
    • Background
    • Groypers are named after a cartoon amphibian named "Groyper", which is a variant of the Internet meme Pepe the Frog. Groyper is depicted as a rotund, green, frog-like creature, often in a sitting position with its chin resting on interlocked fingers.[23][24] There is some disagreement around the specifics of Groyper: it is alternatively said to be a depiction of the Pepe character,[5] a different character from Pepe but of the same species,[25] or a toad.[23] The Groyper meme was used as early as 2015, and became popular in 2017.[26]
    • In 2018, a group of computer scientists studying hateful speech on Twitter observed the Groyper image being used frequently in account avatars among the accounts identified as "hateful" in their dataset. The researchers observed that the profiles tended to be anonymous and collectively tweeted primarily about politics, race, and religion. Similarly, they detected that the users were not "lone wolves" and the individuals could be identified as a community with a high network centrality.[27] The same year, Right Wing Watch reported that Massachusetts congressional hopeful Shiva Ayyadurai had created a campaign pin featuring a variation of the Groyper image, which RWW described as an attempt to appeal to the far-right activists on 4chan, Gab, and Twitter who had adopted the meme.[28]
    • Nick Fuentes in 2022Followers of Nick Fuentes began to be known as Groypers beginning in 2019. Fuentes' followers are also sometimes called "Nickers".[2][29] In September 2019, Ashley St. Clair, a "brand ambassador" for the conservative student group Turning Point USA, was photographed at an event featuring several allegedly white nationalist and alt-right figures, including Fuentes, Jacob Wohl, and Anthime Gionet, better known as "Baked Alaska". After Right Wing Watch brought the photographs to Turning Point USA's attention, the organization issued a statement declaring that it had severed ties with St. Clair, and condemning white nationalism as "abhorrent and un-American".[30][31] At the 2019 Politicon convention, Fuentes tried to access several of the Turning Point USA events featuring its founder Charlie Kirk, including a line to take photos with Kirk and Kirk's debate with Kyle Kulinski of The Young Turks. Security repeatedly barred him from being allowed anywhere near Kirk, with Fuentes accusing Kirk of deliberately suppressing him in order to avoid a confrontation, as Fuentes had grown critical of Kirk's positions, which he believes are too weak.[24] Charlie Kirk and Rob Smith were then questioned by Patrick Casey and other plants in the audience on their views on free speech and homosexuality. Groypers believe that mainstream conservative groups are moving the country towards the left and ceding ground on cultural issues by banning members for associating with white nationalists or neo-Nazis and not caring about what consenting adults do.
    • Groyper Wars
    • In the fall of 2019, Kirk launched a college speaking tour with Turning Point USA titled "Culture War", featuring himself alongside such guests as Senator Rand Paul, Donald Trump Jr., Kimberly Guilfoyle, Lara Trump, and Congressman Dan Crenshaw.[1] In retaliation for the firing of St. Clair and the Politicon incident, Fuentes subsequently began organizing a social media campaign asking his followers to go to Kirk's events and ask provocative and controversial leading questions regarding his stances on immigration, Israel, and LGBT rights during the question-and-answer sessions, for the purpose of exposing Kirk as a "fake conservative". At a Culture War event hosted by Ohio State University on October 29, eleven out of fourteen questions during the Q&A section were asked by Groypers.[32] Groypers asked questions including, "Can you prove that our white European ideals will be maintained if the country is no longer made up of white European descendants?", and directed the question "How does anal sex help us win the culture war?" at Kirk's co-host Rob Smith, a gay black veteran of the Iraq War.[33] Fuentes' social media campaign against Kirk became known as the "Groyper Wars".[5][23] Kirk, Smith, and others at Turning Point USA, including Benny Johnson, began labeling the questioners as white supremacists and antisemites.[24][34]
    • Another Turning Point USA event targeted by the Groypers was a promotional event for Donald Trump Jr.'s book Triggered, featuring Trump, Kirk, and Guilfoyle at the University of California, Los Angeles in November 2019. Anticipating further questions from Fuentes' followers, it was announced that the originally planned Q&A portion of the event would be canceled, which led to heckling and boos from the mostly pro-Trump audience.[35] The disruptions eventually forced them to cut the event short after 30 minutes, when it was originally scheduled to last for two hours.[36][37][8]
    • Groypers' targets for heckling quickly expanded beyond Charlie Kirk and Turning Point USA.[23] Groypers began targeting other mainstream conservative groups and individuals, which they sometimes collectively call "Conservative Inc.", including events hosted by Young America's Foundation and their student outreach branch Young Americans for Freedom, which included such speakers as Ben Shapiro and Matt Walsh of The Daily Wire, and Jonah Goldberg of The Dispatch.[3] Questions posed to their opponents often focus on topics including United States''Israel relations, immigration policy, affirmative action, and LGBTQ conservatives.[4][5] They regularly use antisemitic dogwhistles in their confrontations with other conservatives, including numerous questions about the USS Liberty incident, and references to the "dancing Israelis" conspiracy theory alleging Israeli involvement in the September 11 attacks.[41][1]
    • Other activities
    • In December 2019, Fuentes announced and held the Groyper Leadership Summit in Florida. A small group attended the event in person, and attendees also joined via livestream. The event was held at the same time and in the same city as Turning Point USA's Student Action Summit (SAS); Groypers argued with SAS attendees outside of their venue, and Fuentes, Patrick Casey, and some Groypers were removed from the SAS venue after attempting to enter. At the Groyper Leadership Summit, Fuentes, Casey, and former InfoWars contributor Jake Lloyd spoke about the Groypers' strategy and ideology. While outside of a venue where a Turning Point USA event was being held, Fuentes crossed paths with Ben Shapiro, who was on his way to the event with his pregnant wife and two children. Fuentes confronted Shapiro over his past public speaking comments, while Shapiro refused to acknowledge him.[43] Fuentes faced widespread condemnation from politicians and various pundits'--including Nikki Haley, Meghan McCain, Sebastian Gorka, Megyn Kelly, and Michael Avenatti'--for confronting Shapiro while he was with his family.[44]
    • In January 2020, Groyper and former leader of Kansas State University's Turning Point USA chapter Jaden McNeil formed the Kansas State University organization America First Students. The group, which shares a name with Fuentes' America First podcast, was conceived at the Groyper Leadership Summit, and Groyper leaders have helped promote the group. The America First Students organization, which states it was formed "in defense of Christian values, strong families, closed borders, and the American worker", is considered to push the Groyper movement.[6][7]
    • In February 2020, Fuentes spoke at several events that were held as rival events to the Conservative Political Action Conference. One such event, hosted by the online publication National File, featured Fuentes, Alex Jones of InfoWars, and Proud Boys founder Gavin McInnes.[45][46] Fuentes hosted the first annual America First Political Action Conference, which included such speakers as Patrick Casey, former Daily Caller author Scott Greer, and Malkin.[47]
    • Groypers are very active online, particularly on Twitter, and have engaged in targeted harassment against opponents.[32] Financial Times reported that many Groypers use "deceptively anodyne" Twitter biographies, describing themselves in terms that downplay their extremism, like "Christian conservative".[48] In April 2020, The Daily Dot reported that Fuentes and other Groypers had begun to move to the video sharing platform TikTok, where they streamed live and used the "duet" feature to respond to Trump supporters. Groypers particularly targeted one left-wing teenage girl for harassment, which began on TikTok but spread across platforms.[48][49] Fuentes and some other Groyper accounts were banned from TikTok shortly after the Daily Dot article was published.[50]
    • Presence at January 6 United States Capitol attack
    • Groypers were present at the January 6 United States Capitol attack. Exact numbers are not known but several were arrested.Nicholas (Nick) Fuentes was on the steps of the Capitol and celebrated the temporary disruption of Congress, but has not been charged.[51] Patrick Casey is the leader of American Identity Movement (AIM), was on the steps of the Capitol and celebrated the temporary disruption of Congress, but has not been charged.[51] Riley June Williams of Harrisburg, Pennsylvania was accused of invading Nancy Pelosi's office and stealing her laptop and gavel and of accelerating the attack in general. She was tried and found guilty of six charges, including a felony count of civil disorder. She was sentenced on March 23, 2023, to three years in prison with three years of probation and fined.[52]Christian Secor of Cosa Mesa, California was present at the Capitol Building, where he allegedly flew the Groypers flag. He was accused of Obstruction of an Official Proceeding, Civil Disorder, Assault, and Resisting arrest. At trial, he was found guilty and sentenced last year to three years and six months in prison.[53]
    • Joseph Brody of Springfield, Virginia, and four others acted as a group which assisted the mob "... in using a metal barricade against a U.S. Capitol Police officer, knocking the officers back as he attempted to secure the North Door". He faces felony charges of assaulting a police officer, resisting or impeding law enforcement officers, causing bodily injury, interfering with a law enforcement officer during a civil disorder and obstruction of an official proceeding.[54][55]
    • Thomas Carey of Pittsburgh, Ohio, pled guilty to demonstrating in a Capitol Building and was fined $500.[56]Gabriel Chase of Gainesville, Florida, pled guilty to demonstrating in a Capitol Building and was fined $500.[56]Jon Lizak of Cold Spring Harbor, New York, pled guilty to demonstrating in a Capitol Building and was fined $500.[57]Paul Ewald Lovley of Halethorpe, Maryland, pled guilty to demonstrating in a Capitol Building and was fined $500.[58]Political activism
    • The Groyper movement has repeatedly failed to gain any serious political traction, often being disavowed by most politicians it has attempted to support. Congressman Paul Gosar, the keynote speaker for Fuentes' AFPAC II in 2021, disavowed Fuentes and his followers the following day while addressing CPAC.[59] At AFPAC III in 2022, several political figures whom Fuentes claimed were slated to speak, including Arizona gubernatorial nominee Kari Lake and former acting Director of the U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement Thomas Homan, did not attend and disavowed the event upon learning of Fuentes' views.[60][61] The conference's keynote speaker, Congresswoman Marjorie Taylor Greene, later claimed that she did not know who Fuentes was and, upon learning of his views, condemned him as well.[62]
    • Of the speakers at AFPAC III who did not rescind their support for Fuentes, only two went on to run for major office: Lieutenant Governor of Idaho Janice McGeachin and Arizona State Senator Wendy Rogers. Rogers ultimately won a competitive primary later that year and was re-elected to the senate, although she was censured for her remarks at the conference calling for political violence.[63] McGeachin, who ran for governor of Idaho that year, was defeated in the primary by incumbent Governor Brad Little by a 20-point margin.
    • One of the candidates endorsed by Fuentes in the 2022 midterms who later disavowed his endorsement was Joe Kent, running for the 3rd congressional district in Washington.[64] In response to the disavowal, Fuentes began organizing an online campaign against Kent in the hopes of blocking him from winning the nomination; Kent ultimately secured the Republican nomination, defeating incumbent Congresswoman Jaime Herrera Beutler.[65]
    • Fuentes and the Groyper movement later supported the candidacy of Laura Loomer for the 11th congressional district of Florida in 2022.[66] On the night of the primary, Fuentes attended Loomer's election watch-party, and they were filmed sharing a toast as results came in that seemed to suggest Loomer would actually defeat incumbent Congressman Daniel Webster; Loomer toasted "to the hostile takeover of the Republican Party."[67] When additional results came in confirming Loomer's loss to Webster by a 7-point margin, she claimed without evidence in a speech to her supporters that her loss was due to voter fraud.[68][69]
    • In late 2022 and early 2023, the Groyper movement shifted away from its longtime position of supporting Donald Trump and instead began promoting the presidential campaign of rapper Kanye West. West brought Fuentes with him for a dinner at Mar-a-Lago with former President Trump, which generated significant controversy while also raising Fuentes' profile; Trump later disavowed Fuentes, claiming he was not initially aware of Fuentes' views.[70][71] West's campaign soon included other figures in the Groyper movement, including Milo Yiannopoulos,[72] Ali Alexander,[73] and Rumble streamer Nico Kenn De Balinthazy, better known by his online alias "Sneako".[74] Many Groypers, including fellow streamers on Fuentes' website Cozy.tv, began using their platforms to promote West's antisemitic views.[75] Two Cozy streamers, Dalton Clodfelter and Tyler Russell, began streaming themselves harassing students at college campuses with a table display reading "Ye is Right - Change my Mind," a slogan that was derivative of a prior college tour by right-wing commentator Steven Crowder.[76][77] The events were frequently protested by Jewish student groups and allies, who played music on loudspeakers and chanted in order to drown out the streamers' speeches.[78] The planned college tour was canceled after less than one month, after Clodfelter lost the funding for both the tour itself and the Rumble channel associated with it.[79]
    • On May 4, 2023, it was reported that West had fired Fuentes and Alexander, the latter of whom had become embroiled in a sexual harassment scandal involving young men and underaged boys, and re-hired Yiannopoulos, who had since split from Fuentes and was the first one to leak the allegations against Alexander.[80][81]
    • The Groyper Wars earned widespread media attention after the UCLA incident with Donald Trump Jr. Chadwick Moore of Spectator USA commented that the ordeal revealed deep divisions within the American right among young voters, particularly with regards to the political beliefs of Generation Z, or "Zoomers". This divide, Moore claims, is due to the Groypers viewing Charlie Kirk and others in the mainstream conservative movement as "snatching the baton and appointing themselves the guardians of 2016's spoils", despite holding beliefs that Fuentes and his followers believe to be in conflict with then-President Trump's "Make America Great Again" agenda.[82] Another Spectator author, Ben Sixsmith, claimed that Turning Point's unwillingness to respond to controversial questions, and subsequent use of insults to dismiss their critics, revealed the organization's hypocrisy after having "promoted themselves as the debate guys".[83]
    • Several mainstream conservative commentators also weighed in on the matter. Addressing the increase in attention towards the far-right due to the aggressive questioning of Kirk, Ben Shapiro gave a speech at Stanford University in which he attacked Fuentes (without naming him) and his followers as essentially being a rebranded version of the alt-right.[84][85][86] Representative Dan Crenshaw similarly referred to the questioners as "alt-right 2.0" while American Conservative Union chairman Matt Schlapp said that "there is no place in our conservative movement for those interested in fomenting hate, mob violence, or racist propaganda."[87] Conversely, conservative commentator Michelle Malkin wrote an article for American Greatness attacking Kirk for his immigration policies, and particularly his stance that green cards should be awarded to immigrants who graduate from American universities.[88] After defending Fuentes and his followers, Malkin was fired as a speaker for Young America's Foundation, a rival organization to Turning Point whose events had also been targeted by Groypers.[89] Malkin later would refer to herself as a mother figure among and a leader of the Groypers.[90]
    • References
    • ^ a b c d e f g h i "Groyper Army". Anti-Defamation League . Retrieved May 19, 2020 . ^ a b c d e Tanner, Charles; Burghart, Devin (2020). From Alt-Right to Groyper: White Nationalists Rebrand for 2020 and Beyond (PDF) (Report). Institute for Research & Education on Human Rights. p. 3 . Retrieved May 19, 2020 . ^ a b Kidder, Jeffrey L.; Binder, Amy J. (February 19, 2020). "In the Trump era, campus conservative groups are fighting one another". The Washington Post . Retrieved May 19, 2020 . ^ a b Kampeas, Ron (December 9, 2019). "In the US, the 'groyper army' seeks to make anti-Semitism mainstream". The Times of Israel . Retrieved May 19, 2020 . ^ a b c d Coaston, Jane (November 11, 2019). "Why alt-right trolls shouted down Donald Trump Jr". Vox . Retrieved May 19, 2020 . ^ a b Thomas, Judy L. (February 11, 2020). "Report: White nationalists turn focus to college campuses, with trial run at K-State". The Kansas City Star . Retrieved May 19, 2020 . ^ a b Garcia, Rafael (February 12, 2020). "Group accuses KSU student org of white nationalist connections". The Mercury . Retrieved May 19, 2020 . ^ a b Collins, Ben (November 12, 2019). "Pro-Trump conservatives are getting trolled in real life by a far-right group". NBC News . Retrieved May 19, 2020 . ^ Shugerman, Emily (May 16, 2020). "Trump's Very Normal Saturday Amplifying the Far-Right Blogger Shunned by Conservatives". The Daily Beast . Retrieved May 28, 2020 . Malkin has even started referring to herself as a "mommy" to these fringe-right figures, and talked about "passing the torch" to "kids who do video from their basement." ^ "Trump retweets right-wing activist associated with Holocaust denier". Haaretz . Retrieved May 28, 2020 . Malkin has been ostracized by mainstream conservatism after supporting a Holocaust denier earlier this year. She recently dubbed herself the "mommy" of the so-called groyper army '' a movement of white nationalists vying to replace the alt-right. ^ "Nick Fuentes' 'groyper' movement splinters over fears of feds, doxing at conference". The Daily Dot. February 13, 2021 . Retrieved February 14, 2021 . ^ Weill, Will Sommer, Kelly (February 14, 2021). "FBI Informant Panic Is Ruining Friendships All Over the Far Right". The Daily Beast . Retrieved February 14, 2021 . {{cite news}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) ^ Thomas, Judy (May 12, 2022). "Former Kansas State student steps down from white nationalist organization amid rift". The Kansas City Star. Archived from the original on May 12, 2022 . Retrieved May 12, 2022 . ^ Mak, Aaron; Slate (December 4, 2017) "The Far Right's New Toad Mascot Is a Fatter, More Racist Pepe the Frog" [permanent dead link ] Retrieved September 27, 2022. ^ Cohen, Libby (December 19, 2019). "What is a Groyper? It's a Combination of Nick Fuentes and Pepe the Frog". The Daily Dot . Retrieved May 19, 2020 . ^ Right Wing Watch [@RightWingWatch] (November 15, 2022). "White nationalist antisemite Nick Fuentes warns that if "the Jews" don't stop oppressing people like him, it will soon lead to violence: "When it comes to the Jews, every society where shit has gone down with these people, it always goes from zero to sixty." " (Tweet) '' via Twitter. ^ " 'Why is this NOT a Bigger Story?!!' Trump's Hosting White Supremacist Nick Fuentes for Dinner at Mar-a-Lago Raises Questions". Mediaite. November 25, 2022 . Retrieved November 25, 2022 . ^ "One Year After Jan. 6, the Hard Right Digs In". Southern Poverty Law Center . Retrieved December 31, 2021 . ^ "Nick Fuentes' Pro-Trump Video Urging A 'White Uprising' Reminds Us How Racists Love The GOP". News One. September 23, 2022 . Retrieved October 30, 2022 . ^ Right Wing Watch [@RightWingWatch] (September 22, 2022). "Nick Fuentes says the only hope for America is for there to be a "white uprising" that then disbands Congress and installs Trump as a dictator: "Elect Trump one more time and then stop having elections." " (Tweet) '' via Twitter. ^ a b c d Kupfer, Theodore (November 14, 2019). "Why Donald Trump Jr. Was Heckled by 'America First Nationalists' ". National Review . Retrieved May 21, 2020 . ^ a b c Petrizzo, Zachary (December 5, 2019). "Charlie Kirk has finally had it with these white nationalists in his movement". The Daily Dot . Retrieved May 21, 2020 . ^ Kupfer, Theodore (November 14, 2019). "Why Donald Trump Jr. Was Heckled by 'America First Nationalists' ". National Review . Retrieved May 22, 2020 . ^ Mak, Aaron (December 4, 2017). "The Far Right's New Toad Mascot Is a Fatter, More Racist Pepe the Frog". Slate Magazine . Retrieved May 22, 2020 . ^ Ribeiro, Manoel Horta; Calais, Pedro H.; Santos, Yuri A.; Almeida, Virg­lio A. F.; Meira, Wagner Jr. (2018). " 'Like Sheep Among Wolves': Characterizing Hateful Users on Twitter". Proceedings of WSDM Workshop on Misinformation and Misbehavior Mining on the Web (MIS2). Association for Computing Machinery: 1. arXiv:1801.00317 . ^ Holt, Jared (May 24, 2018). "In Latest Nod To The Fringe, Shiva Ayyadurai Is Hawking 'Groyper' Campaign Pins". Right Wing Watch . Retrieved June 20, 2020 . ^ Maly, Ico (October 31, 2019). "Charlie Kirk's Culture War, Groypers, Nickers and Q&A-trolling". Diggit Magazine . Retrieved March 6, 2021 . ^ Holt, Jared (September 30, 2019). "TPUSA Cuts Ties With 'Brand Ambassador' Photographed With White Nationalists". Right Wing Watch . Retrieved May 21, 2020 . ^ Becker, Carlin (October 1, 2019). "Turning Point USA 'brand ambassador' dumped after photo with white nationalists and anti-Semites surfaces". Washington Examiner . Retrieved May 21, 2020 . ^ a b Maly, Ico (October 31, 2019). "Charlie Kirk's Culture War, Groypers, Nickers and Q&A-trolling". Diggit Magazine . Retrieved May 19, 2020 . ^ Neiwert, David (November 1, 2019). "Alt-right trolls make life miserable for Charlie Kirk and his Turning Point USA 'Culture War' tour". Daily Kos . Retrieved May 19, 2020 . ^ Gumbel, Andrew (November 10, 2019). "Donald Trump Jr walks out of Triggered book launch after heckling - from supporters". The Guardian . Retrieved May 21, 2020 . ^ "Donald Trump Jr. talk marked by anger over no questions". Associated Press. November 11, 2019 . Retrieved May 21, 2020 . ^ Shepherd, Katie (November 11, 2019). "Donald Trump Jr. went to UCLA to decry 'triggered' liberals. He was heckled off the stage by the far right". The Washington Post . Retrieved May 21, 2020 . ^ Sommer, Will (November 12, 2019). "How Donald Trump Jr. Landed Smack in the Middle of a Right-Wing Civil War". The Daily Beast . Retrieved May 21, 2020 . ^ Collins, Ben (November 12, 2019). "Pro-Trump conservatives are getting trolled in real life by a far-right group". NBC News . Retrieved May 21, 2020 . ^ Petrizzo, Zachary (December 21, 2019). "Nick Fuentes trying to bicker with Ben Shapiro riles up the internet". The Daily Dot . Retrieved May 21, 2020 . ^ Calicchio, Dom (December 22, 2019). "Nick Fuentes fires back at Nikki Haley, Meghan McCain, others over Ben Shapiro confrontation". Fox News . Retrieved May 21, 2020 . ^ Nguyen, Tina (February 29, 2020). "CPAC exiles grapple with the new devotion to TrumpTin". Politico . Retrieved May 21, 2020 . ^ Fisher, Anthony (March 1, 2020). "CPAC 2020: Worshipping Trump and feeling bullied by 'the left' ". Business Insider . Retrieved May 21, 2020 . ^ Soave, Robby (November 18, 2019). "Young America's Foundation Excommunicates Michelle Malkin for Defending Nick Fuentes". Reason . Retrieved May 22, 2020 . ^ a b Venkataramakrishnan, Siddharth (February 10, 2021). "Big Tech needs to tackle the white supremacists of Gen Z" . Financial Times . Retrieved March 5, 2021 . ^ Petrizzo, Zachary (May 1, 2020). "This woman criticized white nationalists on TikTok. It led to an internet-wide harassment campaign". The Daily Dot . Retrieved March 5, 2021 . ^ Petrizzo, Zachary (April 23, 2020). "Nick Fuentes and his white nationalist 'Groyper Army' have a new home on TikTok". The Daily Dot . Retrieved May 20, 2020 . ^ a b "Far-right activist who encouraged U.S. Capitol occupation also organized 'stop the steal' rally in Michigan". January 7, 2021. ^ Kunzelman, Michael (March 23, 2023). "Rioter charged in Pelosi laptop theft sentenced to prison". ^ U.S. Attorney's Office, District of Columbia, Capitol Breach Cases (October 19, 2022). "SECOR, Christian, Case Number: 1:21-cr-157". justice.gov. {{cite news}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) ^ Department of Justice, U.S. Attorney's Office, District of Columbia (September 20, 2022). "Virginia Man Arrested on Felony and Misdemeanor Charges for Actions During Jan. 6 Capitol Breach". justice.gov. {{cite news}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) ^ Ryan J. Reilly and Zo Richards (September 20, 2022). "Members of far-right group America First charged in connection with Jan. 6 riot". nbcnews.com. ^ a b [1] ^ " 'All Around Great Guy' from Cold Spring Harbor Charged for Alleged Role in Jan. 6 Riots". September 22, 2022. ^ "Virginia Man Arrested on Felony and Misdemeanor Charges for Actions During Jan. 6 Capitol Breach". September 20, 2022. ^ Weigel, David (February 27, 2021). "Rep. Gosar criticizes 'white racism' after speaking at event whose organizer called for white supremacy". The Washington Post. ISSN 0190-8286 . Retrieved March 5, 2021 . ^ Holt, Jared (February 23, 2022). "Republican Footsie With White Nationalists Has to Stop". The Daily Beast . Retrieved February 28, 2022 . ^ "White Nationalists With Lanyards: Orlando Showed The Ugly Future Of The GOP". HuffPost. March 3, 2022 . Retrieved March 4, 2022 . ^ "Marjorie Taylor Greene downplays speaking at a conference founded by white nationalist". www.cbsnews.com. February 28, 2022 . Retrieved February 28, 2022 . ^ Wise, Alana (March 1, 2022). "Arizona State Senate censures lawmaker who threatened rivals with violence". NPR . Retrieved March 4, 2022 . ^ Hounshell, Blake (July 25, 2022). "A Trump-Backed Veteran Ran Hard to the Right, Only to be Outflanked". New York Times . Retrieved March 29, 2023 . ^ Grisales, Claudia (November 8, 2022). "In Washington state, controversial ties and rhetoric are upending a House race". NPR. ^ Breland, Ali (August 24, 2022). "Laura Loomer Loses GOP Primary, Opportunity to Vie for Most Racist Congressperson". Mother Jones . Retrieved March 29, 2023 . ^ "Losing Far-Right Candidate Laura Loomer Won't Concede Because She's "A Winner," After Toasting With Holocaust Denier". Yeshiva World News. August 24, 2022 . Retrieved March 29, 2023 . ^ Jankowicz, Mia (August 24, 2022). "Far-right GOP candidate Laura Loomer refuses to concede after losing Florida primary, alleging voter fraud". Business Insider . Retrieved August 26, 2022 . ^ "Loomer lost, but naturally, she claims she won | Editorial". Sun Sentinel. September 6, 2022 . Retrieved September 8, 2022 . ^ McGraw, Meridith (November 25, 2022). "Donald Trump dined with white nationalist, Holocaust denier Nick Fuentes". POLITICO. ^ Dress, Brad (November 27, 2022). "Trump blames Kanye West for bringing Nick Fuentes as dinner guest". The Hill. ^ "Kanye West Confirms Presidential Run, Enlists Milo Yiannopoulos for His 2024 Campaign". www.billboard.com. November 21, 2022 . Retrieved November 23, 2022 . "Yes'... It's simple'.... It's just we're moving toward the future," he said when asked if he's running. ^ Burris, Sarah (December 5, 2022). "Jan. 6 rally organizer Ali Alexander takes over Kanye West's political campaign". Raw Story . Retrieved February 16, 2023 . ^ Petrizzo, Zachary (November 29, 2022). "Racist YouTuber Joins Kanye West's Campaign". The Daily Beast . Retrieved December 4, 2022 . ^ Ecarma, Caleb (February 13, 2023). "Kanye West has fueled a flurry of antisemitic hate on college campuses". Vanity Fair . Retrieved March 4, 2023 . ^ Pefley, Al (February 7, 2023). " 'Ye is Right' group takes messages of antisemitism to college campuses". WPEC . Retrieved February 16, 2023 . ^ Goforth, Claire (February 24, 2023). "Dalton Clodfelter's 'Ye is Right' college tour is the latest outgrowth of Zoomer antisemitism". The Daily Dot . Retrieved February 26, 2023 . ^ Bushman, Heather; O'Neill, Nora (February 2, 2023). "Kanye West supporters host show, clash with Jewish students on UF campus". Yahoo News . Retrieved February 16, 2023 . ^ Goforth, Claire (March 2, 2023). "Zoomer antisemite Dalton Clodfelter loses funding for 'Ye is Right' college tour, Rumble channel". The Daily Dot . Retrieved March 4, 2023 . ^ "Milo Yiannopoulos back leading Ye24 campaign'...Nick Fuentes booted". TMZ. May 4, 2023. ^ Grow, Kory; Madarang, Charisma (May 4, 2023). "Kanye West Rehires Far-Right 'Troll' Milo Yiannopoulos in Run-Up to Presidential Bid". Rolling Stone. ^ Moore, Chadwick (November 1, 2019). "Nick Fuentes fills Milo's gap". The Spectator. Archived from the original on June 3, 2020 . Retrieved May 21, 2020 . ^ Sixsmith, Ben (November 5, 2019). "How the groypers gave the 'debate guys' a rough time". The Spectator. Archived from the original on December 31, 2019 . Retrieved May 21, 2020 . ^ Sexton, John (November 8, 2019). "Ben Shapiro bashes the alt-right- gets protested by the far-left". Hot Air . Retrieved May 22, 2020 . ^ Anderson, Nick (November 16, 2019). "Far-right agitators roil the conservative movement on college campuses in battle to define Trumpism". Washington Post . Retrieved May 22, 2020 . ^ Schwartz, Ian (November 11, 2019). "Ben Shapiro Bashes Alt-Right In Stanford Speech: "Keeping People Confused Is One Of Their Chief Tactics" ". RealClearPolitics . Retrieved May 22, 2020 . ^ Boyer, Dave (November 28, 2019). " 'Groyper' white nationalists target Don Jr., Charlie Kirk, causing rift in Trump's conservative base". Washington Times . Retrieved May 22, 2020 . ^ Nash, Charlie (October 31, 2019). "Michelle Malkin Tears Into 'Slow Learner' Charlie Kirk In Scathing Article". Mediaite . Retrieved May 22, 2020 . ^ Lancaster, Jordan (November 18, 2019). "Conservative group cuts ties with Michelle Malkin". The Hill . Retrieved May 22, 2020 . ^ Carpenter, Amanda (March 9, 2020). "Michelle Malkin: Mother of Groypers". The Bulwark . Retrieved May 19, 2020 . Further reading
    • Keady, Joseph (July 5, 2020). "Far Right Reading List Shows Link Between Its Literature and Real-World Violence". Truthout.
  • Gerald Horne - Wikipedia
    • Link to Article
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    • Wed, 24 Jul 2024 17:18
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    • From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
    • American historian (born 1949)
    • Gerald Horne (born January 3, 1949) is an American historian who holds the John J. and Rebecca Moores Chair of History and African American Studies at the University of Houston.[1]
    • Gerald Horne was raised in St. Louis, Missouri. After his undergraduate education at Princeton University, he received his Ph.D. from Columbia University and a J.D. from the University of California, Berkeley.[2]
    • Horne holds the John J. and Rebecca Moores Chair of History and African American Studies at the University of Houston.
    • He was a contributing editor of Political Affairs magazine.[3]
    • Horne has published extensively on W. E. B. Du Bois and has written books on neglected episodes of world history including Hawaii and the Pacific.[4] He writes about topics he perceives as misrepresented struggles for justice; in particular communist struggles and struggles against imperialism, colonialism, fascism, racism, and white supremacy. Horne is a Marxist.[5] Much of his work highlights and analyzes specific individuals in their historical contexts, including figures such as the blacklisted Hollywood screenwriter John Howard Lawson, Ferdinand Smith (a Jamaican-born communist, sailor, labor leader, and co-founder of the National Maritime Union), and Lawrence Dennis, a man described as "the brains behind American fascism".[6]
    • While many of Horne's books use an individual as a prism to inspect the historical forces of their times, Horne has also produced broad canvas chronicles of infrequently examined periods and aspects of the history of white supremacy and imperialism. For example, he has written on the post-civil war involvement of the US ruling class'--newly dispossessed of human chattels'--in relation to slavery in Brazil, which was not legally abolished until 1888.[7] He has also written on the historic relationships between African Americans and the Japanese in the mid-20th century, specifically examining the ways in which the Japanese state gained sympathy and solidarity from people of colour by positioning themselves as the leaders of a global war against white supremacy.[8]
    • Manning Marable has said: "Gerald Horne is one of the most gifted and insightful historians on racial matters of his generation."[9]
    • Following the Russian invasion of Ukraine in February 2022, Horne published an article, placing the blame for the conflict on the United States and NATO:[10][11]
    • Then, when Washington forced the dissolution of the USSR, this allowed Moscow to cease subsidizing Moldova, Turkestan, Georgia and formerly socialist regimes in the vicinity. This allowed Russia to husband its resources leading to what Stanford scholar, Kathryn Stoner terms in her latest tome: "Russia Resurrected," a self-explanatory title that speaks to the development of hypersonic missiles and an agricultural superpower and a nation that can turn geopolitical tides in Syria among other sites. Imperialism failed to acknowledge that Russia had outgrown the sellout years of Boris Yeltsin and adamantly refused to adapt accordingly. NATO should have collapsed in 1991 when the USSR did but instead extended its remit to Libya, along with destroying the former Yugoslavia and devastating Afghanistan.
    • That is why, as I write, it is not only regime change in Kiev that is at issue: imperialism seeks regime change in Moscow, with all the dangers attendant with regard to toppling a nuclear power.
    • The ostensible issue '' Ukraine joining the U.S. dominated NATO '' would mean a rise in the stock price of Raytheon (former home of Pentagon chief, Lloyd Austin) and Lockheed Martin, as member states are required to spend more on advanced weaponry, which inevitably comes from these corporations.
    • With Germany pledging to re-arm, we also witness the shortsightedness of world imperialism, which refuses to learn the lessons of the 20th century, especially the catastrophe of world war ending with the uncovering of industrial funeral pyres in 1945. Not only Washington but London, Brussels and Paris should be shuddering right now.
    • Historiography in and for the radical tradition [ edit ] At the Black Women and the Radical Tradition conference held at the Brooklyn College Graduate Center for Worker Education, in a session devoted to Shirley Graham Du Bois, he said:
    • The purpose of my brief remarks this afternoon is to use the life and times of Shirley Graham Du Bois as a vehicle for trying to understand how and why we need to think about revitalizing the radical tradition through the means of revisioning and rewriting our history, our past. I argue in these remarks that like other historians - for Shirley Graham Du Bois was among other things an historian - she tended to stress in her history writing, like most of the writers of her generation, the "Crispus Attucks" aspect of our history, I'm sure you're familiar with Crispus Attucks, he goes down in history as the first person to be slain in the uprising against British rule in then-British North America and a symbol of how black people have shed their blood to help to construct this country. Which of course is true and is accurate. But it only begins to tell part of the story, as I'll try to elaborate on in my remarks. I think today it's particularly important to talk about revitalizing our past so that we can reinvigorate the radical tradition in light of this precipitous downturn that we see in the capitalist economy. Newsweek has been amongst the many journals that have told us "We're All Socialists Now", which some might be surprised to hear. In Latin America, certainly in the most recent election in El Salvador, and in Latin American generally, one can easily espy a shift to the left. The quipsters are suggesting that the recently departed Pres. George W. Bush entered office in 2001 as a social conservative but then after being compelled to nationalize various enterprises he leaves office as a conservative socialist. When you note that in South Africa you have a Communist Party minister sitting in office in Pretoria, and perhaps the same will take place in New Delhi, after the elections that take place in the late spring, it's time to revive that aspect it seems to me reality is shouting at us, time to revitalize that aspect of black history that stresses our ancestors who as early as the 18th century were actually trying to overthrow the government of the United States of America, as opposed to shedding their blood to help to create the government of the United States of America.[12]
    • In a speech given at an event marking the depositing of the Communist Party USA archives at the Tamiment Library at New York University,[13] Horne remarked at length on the writing of history, its importance, and what he perceives as the grievous proliferation of propagandistic historiography in the US:
    • Now it is often said that every generation has to rewrite history. For example, at one time there was a prevalent "moonlight and magnolias" version of slavery and Reconstruction that fundamentally portrayed "happy Negroes" during the slave era and portrayed the period following slavery as a dastardly period of Negro misrule and corruption. This began to change in the 1930s with the publication of Du Bois' magisterial 'Black Reconstruction' and changed decisively with the publication of Eric Foner's 'Reconstruction. ' "
    • One of the reasons why I personally '' and I daresay future generations '' are so pleased by the depositing of these CPUSA archives is because it is painfully obvious that the history of the Communist movement in this nation is long overdue for a massive rewriting and these archives will prove indispensable in that process.
    • It is easy to see why future generations will be displeased with much of the present history that has been written to this point about the Communist Party because it has been incredibly biased, one-sided, deeply influenced by the conservative drift of the nation '' not unlike pre-Du Bois histories of Reconstruction '' and, fundamentally, anticommunist.
    • From 2013 to date, Horne has discussed his historical, socio-economic and political research findings in a series of conversations with Paul Jay.[14][15]
    • Black and Red: W.E.B. Du Bois and the Afro-American Response to the Cold War. SUNY Press (1986)Communist Front? The Civil Rights Congress, 1946''1956. Fairleigh Dickinson University Press (1987)Black Liberation/Red Scare: Ben Davis and the Communist Party. University of Delaware Press (1994)Fire This Time: The Watts Uprising And The 1960s. Da Capo Press (1997)From the Barrel of a Gun: The United States and the War against Zimbabwe, 1965''1980. University of North Carolina Press (2000)Class Struggle in Hollywood, 1930''1950 : Moguls, Mobsters, Stars, Reds and Trade Unionists. University of Texas Press (2001)Race Woman: The Lives of Shirley Graham Du Bois. New York University Press (2002)Horne, Gerald (2004). Race War!: White Supremacy and the Japanese Attack on the British Empire. New York University Press. ISBN 9780814736418. JSTOR j.ctt9qg215. (2004)Black and Brown: African Americans and the Mexican Revolution, 1910''1920. New York University Press (2005)The Final Victim of the Blacklist: John Howard Lawson, Dean of the Hollywood Ten. University of California Press (2006)Cold War in a Hot Zone: The United States Confronts Labor and Independence Struggles in the British West Indies. Temple University Press (2007)The White Pacific: U.S. Imperialism and Black Slavery in the South Seas After the Civil War. University of Hawaii Press (2007)The Deepest South: The United States, Brazil, and the African Slave Trade. New York University Press (2007)Blows Against the Empire: U.S. Imperialism in Crisis. International Publishers (2008)Red Seas: Ferdinand Smith and Radical Black Sailors in the United States and Jamaica. New York University Press (2009)Mau Mau in Harlem?: The U.S. and the Liberation of Kenya. Palgrave MacMillan (2009)The Color of Fascism: Lawrence Dennis, Racial Passing, and the Rise of Right-Wing Extremism in the United States. New York University Press (2009)W.E.B. Du Bois: A Biography. Greenwood Press (2009)The End of Empires: African Americans and India. Temple University Press (2009)Fighting in Paradise: Labor Unions, Racism, and Communists in the Making of Modern Hawaii. University of Hawaii Press (2011)Negro Comrades of the Crown: African Americans and the British Empire Fight the U.S. Before Emancipation. New York University Press (2013)Black Revolutionary: William Patterson & the Globalization of the African American Freedom Struggle. University of Illinois Press (2013)The Counter-Revolution of 1776: Slave Resistance and the Origins of the United States of America. New York University Press (2014)Race to Revolution: The U.S. and Cuba during Slavery and Jim Crow. Monthly Review Press (2014)Confronting Black Jacobins: The U.S., the Haitian Revolution and the Origins of the Dominican Republic. Monthly Review Press (2015)Paul Robeson: The Artist as Revolutionary. Pluto Press (2016)The Rise and Fall of the Associated Negro Press: Claude Albert Barnett's Pan-African News and the Jim Crow Paradox. University of Illinois Press (2017)Storming the Heavens: African Americans and the Early Struggle for the Right to Fly. Black Classic Press (2017)Facing the Rising Sun: African Americans, Japan, and the Rise of Afro-Asian Solidarity. New York University Press (2018)The Apocalypse of Settler Colonialism: The Roots of Slavery, White Supremacy, and Capitalism in Seventeenth-Century North America and the Caribbean. Monthly Review Press (2018)Jazz and Justice: Racism and the Political Economy of the Music. Monthly Review Press (2019)White Supremacy Confronted: U.S. Imperialism and Anti-Communism vs. the Liberation of Southern Africa from Rhodes to Mandela. International Publishers (2019)The Dawning of the Apocalypse: The Roots of Slavery, White Supremacy, Settler Colonialism, and Capitalism in the Long Sixteenth Century. Monthly Review Press (2020)The Bittersweet Science: Racism, Racketeering, and the Political Economy of Boxing. International Publishers (2020)The Counter-Revolution of 1836: Texas Slavery & Jim Crow and the Roots of U.S. Fascism. International Publishers (2022)Armed Struggle? Panthers and Communists; Black Nationalists and Liberals in Southern California through the Sixties and Seventies International Publishers (2024)Black and Brown: African Americans and the Mexican Revolution, 1910-1920 ^ Smith, Toni Mooney (September 16, 2021). "From Humble Beginnings, Gerald Horne Wins American Book Award for Exploring History of Marginalization". www.uh.edu. University of Houston . Retrieved March 2, 2023 . ^ "Gerald Horne | Department of History". www.uh.edu . Retrieved June 3, 2023 . ^ "Gerald Horne", Political Affairs. ^ Sinitiere, Phillip Luke (2022). "Comrades in the Struggle for Black Freedom: Gerald Horne and W.E.B. Du Bois". Phylon. 59 (1): 107''127. ISSN 0031-8906. JSTOR 27150917. ^ "Gerald Horne". International Publishers . Retrieved June 11, 2023 . ^ Younge, Gary (April 4, 2007). "The fascist who 'passed' for white". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077 . Retrieved June 11, 2023 . ^ Mahony, Mary Ann (January 2011). "The Deepest South: The United States, Brazil, and the African Slave Trade. By Gerald Horne. New York: New York University Press, 2007. Pp.341. Notes. Index. $24.00 paper". The Americas. 67 (3): 434''436. doi:10.1017/s0003161500000286. ISSN 0003-1615. S2CID 142568677. ^ Horne, Gerald (June 11, 2020). Race War!. New York University Press. doi:10.18574/nyu/9780814773352.001.0001. ISBN 978-0-8147-7335-2. ^ NYU Press. Archived 2014-03-23 at the Wayback Machine ^ Horne, Gerald (March 2, 2022). "From Crisis to Catastrophe? What is to be Done in Eastern Europe". Black Agenda Report. ^ Horne, Gerald (March 3, 2022). "Opinion: From crisis to catastrophe (Horne on Ukraine, in 'Black Agenda Report')". Monthly Review. ^ Rector, Tabore, "The Life & Times of Shirley Graham Dubois" (video). ^ Horne, Gerald (April 6, 2007). "Rethinking the History and Future of the Communist Party". People's World. ^ "Gerald Horne conversations with Paul Jay (2020 to date)". TheAnalysis.News . Retrieved March 4, 2022 . ^ "Gerald Horne conversations with Paul Jay (2013''2019)". TheRealNews.com . Retrieved March 3, 2022 . University of Houston faculty pageGerald Horne at IMDbRecorded speeches and interviewsAppearances on C-SPANOn The Global Civil Rights Struggle at the conference, The Long Civil Rights Movement: Histories, Politics, Memories, given by the Southern Oral History Program, April 2''4, 2009 (Video)On Shirley Graham Du Bois at the Graduate Center for Worker Education at Brooklyn College (Video)On the Red Scare and the Hollywood Blacklist on NPRHorne challenges the mainstream narrative of US history (August 2014). Six-part discussion, The Real News (all TRNN segments)"Counter-Revolution of 1776": Was U.S. Independence War a Conservative Revolt in Favor of Slavery? on Democracy Now!, June 27, 2014The Summit of the Americas in the Context of US Imperialism (April 2015). "Scholar and activist Gerald Horne traces modern-day US foreign policy in Latin America to its colonial roots." The Real NewsPolice Killings Won't Stop Until U.S. Comes to Grips with its Racist Foundations The Real News. July 8, 2016.Historian: "You Can't Disconnect History of the 2nd Amendment From the History of White Supremacy" on Democracy Now!, July 12, 2016 (all DN! segments)Appearances on On the Ground radio showOne Historian's Journey 2011 essay in The Journal of African American History
  • Wes Moore - Wikipedia
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    • Wed, 24 Jul 2024 17:02
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    • Governor of Maryland since 2023
    • Westley Watende Omari Moore (born October 15, 1978) is an American politician, businessman, author, and veteran, serving as the 63rd governor of Maryland since 2023.
    • Moore was born in Maryland and raised primarily in New York. He graduated from Johns Hopkins University and received a master's degree from Wolfson College, Oxford, as a Rhodes Scholar. After several years in the U.S. Army and Army Reserve, he became an investment banker in New York. Between 2010 and 2015, Moore published five books, including a young-adult novel. He served as CEO of the Robin Hood Foundation from 2017 to 2021.[1] Moore authored The Other Wes Moore and The Work. He also hosted Beyond Belief on the Oprah Winfrey Network, and was executive producer and a writer for Coming Back with Wes Moore on PBS.[2]
    • Moore is a member of the Democratic Party. He won the 2022 Maryland gubernatorial election against Republican nominee Dan Cox, to become Maryland's first African-American governor and the third African-American person elected as governor of any U.S. state.[a][4][5]
    • Early life and education [ edit ] Moore was born in Takoma Park, Maryland, to William Westley Moore Jr., a broadcast news journalist,[6] and Joy Thomas Moore,[7] a daughter of immigrants from Cuba and Jamaica, and a media professional.[8][9][10][11]
    • On April 16, 1982, when Moore was three years old,[12] his father died of acute epiglottitis.[13] In the summer of 1984, Moore's mother took him and his two sisters to live in the Bronx, New York, with her parents. His grandfather, James Thomas, a Jamaican immigrant,[14] was the first Black minister in the history of the Dutch Reformed Church.[15] His grandmother, Winell Thomas, a Cuban who moved to Jamaica before immigrating to the U.S., was a retired schoolteacher.[14] Moore attended Riverdale Country School. When his grades declined and he became involved in petty crime, his mother enrolled him in Valley Forge Military Academy and College.[15][16]
    • In 1998, Moore graduated Phi Theta Kappa from Valley Forge with an associate degree, completed the requirements for the United States Army's early commissioning program, and was appointed a second lieutenant of Military Intelligence in the Army Reserve. He then attended Johns Hopkins University, from which he graduated Phi Beta Kappa with a B.A. in international relations and economics in 2001.[17] At Johns Hopkins, he also played wide receiver for the Johns Hopkins Blue Jays football team for two seasons[18][19] and was initiated into the Omicron Delta Kappa, and Sigma Sigma Chapter of the Alpha Phi Alpha fraternities.[20] In 1998 and 1999, Moore interned for Baltimore Mayor Kurt Schmoke.[21] He later became involved with the March of Dimes before serving in the Army.[22] He also interned at the United States Department of Homeland Security under Secretary Tom Ridge.[23]
    • After graduating, he attended Wolfson College, Oxford, as a Rhodes Scholar, where he earned a master's degree in international relations in 2004[24] and submitted a thesis titled Rise and Ramifications of Radical Islam in the Western Hemisphere.[25] He was activated in the Army following the September 11 attacks, and deployed to Afghanistan from 2005 to 2006,[26] attaining the rank of captain while serving in the 82nd Airborne Division.[1][27] He left the Army in 2014.[25]
    • Moore at Social Innovation Summit by New America in January 2020In February 2006, Moore was named a White House Fellow to Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice.[1][28][29] He later worked as an investment banker at Deutsche Bank in Manhattan[23] and at Citibank from 2007 to 2012[30] while living in Jersey City, New Jersey.[1][31] In 2009, Moore was included on Crain's New York Business's "40 Under 40" list.[32]
    • In 2010, Moore founded a television production company, Omari Productions, to create content for networks such as the Oprah Winfrey Network, PBS, HBO, and NBC.[33] In May 2014, he produced a three-part PBS series, Coming Back with Wes Moore, which followed the lives and experiences of returning veterans.[34][35][36]
    • In 2014, Moore founded BridgeEdU, a company that provided services to support students in their transition to college.[37] Students participating in BridgeEdU paid $500 into the program with varying fees.[38] BridgeEdU was not able to achieve financial stability and was acquired by student financial services company Edquity in 2019, mostly for its database of clients.[39][40] A Baltimore Banner interview with former BridgeEdU students found that the short-lived company had mixed results.[40]
    • In September 2016, Moore produced All the Difference, a PBS documentary that followed the lives of two young African-American men from the South Side of Chicago from high school through college and beyond.[41][42] Later that month, he launched Future City, an interview-based talk show with Baltimore's WYPR station.[43][44][45]
    • From June 2017 until May 2021, Moore was CEO of the Robin Hood Foundation, a charitable organization that attempts to alleviate problems caused by poverty in New York City. It works mainly through funding schools, food pantries and shelters. It also administers a disaster relief fund.[46][47][1][48] During his tenure as CEO, the organization also raised more than $650 million, including $230 million in 2020 to provide increased need for assistance during the COVID-19 pandemic.[49] Moore also sought to expand his advocacy to include America's poor and transform the organization into a national force in the poverty fight.[50] Moore served on Under Armour's board of directors from September 2020 to November 2022, resigning from the board shortly after becoming governor-elect.[39][51]
    • On April 27, 2010, Spiegel & Grau published his first book, The Other Wes Moore.[52] The 200-page book explores the lives of two young Baltimore boys who shared the same name and race, but largely different familial histories that leads them both down very different paths.[15][53][54] In December 2012, Moore announced that The Other Wes Moore would be developed into a feature film, with Oprah Winfrey attached as an executive producer.[55] In September 2013, Ember published his second book, Discovering Wes Moore. The book maintains the message and story set out in The Other Wes Moore, but is more accessible to young adults.[56] In April 2021, Unanimous Media announced it would adapt The Other Wes Moore into a feature film.[57] As of June 2022, a film has yet to be produced.[58]
    • In January 2015, Moore wrote his third book, The Work.[59] In November 2016, he wrote This Way Home, a young adult novel about Elijah, a high school basketball player, who emerges from a standoff with a local gang after they attempt to recruit him to their basketball team, and he refuses.[60] In March 2020, Moore and former Baltimore Sun education reporter Erica L. Green wrote Five Days: The Fiery Reckoning of an American City, which explores the 2015 Baltimore protests from the perspectives of eight Baltimoreans who experienced it on the front lines.[61][62]
    • Political activities [ edit ] Moore first expressed interest in politics in June 1996, telling a New York Times reporter that he planned to attend law school and enter politics after two years at Valley Forge.[63] He told The Baltimore Sun in October 2022 that he felt the idea of holding elected office "only started to feel like a real possibility in 2020, when he was about to leave his job running Robin Hood".[31]
    • Moore (center) at a Maryland Democratic Party picnic, 2014Moore gave a speech at the 2008 Democratic National Convention, supporting Barack Obama for president.[64][65] In 2013, he said that he had "no interest" in running for public office, instead focusing on his business and volunteer work.[66] Later that year, Attorney General Doug Gansler said that he considered Moore as his running mate in the 2014 Maryland gubernatorial election, in which he ran with state delegate Jolene Ivey.[67]
    • In April 2015, following the 2015 Baltimore protests, Moore said that the demonstrations in Baltimore were a "long time coming"[68] and that Baltimore "must seize this moment to redress systemic problems and grow."[69] Moore attended the funeral for Freddie Gray but left early to catch a plane to Boston for a speech he was giving on urban poverty. He later said he "felt guilty being away, but it wasn't just that. An audience in Boston would listen to me talk about poverty, but at a historic moment in my own city's history, I was MIA."[70] On the eighth anniversary of Gray's death in April 2023, Moore made a tweet calling his death a "turning point not just those who knew Gray personally, but the entire city".[71]
    • In February 2017, Governor Larry Hogan nominated Moore to serve on the University System of Maryland Board of Regents.[72]
    • In October 2020, Moore was named to serve on the transition team of Baltimore mayor-elect Brandon Scott.[73] In January 2021, Speaker of the Maryland House of Delegates Adrienne A. Jones consulted with Moore to craft her "Black agenda" to tackle racial inequalities in housing, health, banking, government, and private corporations.[74]
    • In June 2013, a Baltimore Sun investigation alleged that Moore was improperly receiving homestead property tax credits and owed back taxes to the city of Baltimore. Moore told The Sun that he was unaware of any issues with the home's taxes and wanted to pay what they owed immediately.[75] In October 2022, Baltimore Brew reported that Moore had not paid any water and sewage charges since March 2021, owing $21,200 to the city of Baltimore.[76] Moore settled his outstanding bills shortly after the article was published.[77]
    • In April 2022, the family of Baltimore County Police Sergeant Bruce Prothero, whose murder in 2000 is highlighted in The Other Wes Moore, accused Moore of making contradictory statements about where the proceeds of the book went, saying that the family "directed no donations" to anywhere, including the nonprofits Moore named.[78][79] The family also complained that Moore exaggerated his role in their son's life.[80]
    • Moore was the subject of a CNN article in which he was accused of embellishing his childhood and where he actually grew up.[81] Shortly after the article was published, Moore created a website that attempted to rebut the allegations.[82] He was later criticized for failing to correct television interviewers who incorrectly said he was awarded a Bronze Star.[83][84] A Capital News Service article highlighted Moore's connections to various industries, including pharmaceutical, technology, beauty and retail giants, and the Green Thumb Industries cannabis company.[85] Moore left Green Thumb Industries in March 2022,[86] and said in October that he would use a blind trust to hold his assets and resign from every board position if elected governor.[87][88] In May 2023, Moore finalized his trust, making him the first governor to have one since Bob Ehrlich.[89]
    • Governor of Maryland [ edit ] Moore campaigning in October 2022In February 2021, Moore announced he was considering a run for governor of Maryland in the 2022 election.[90] He launched his campaign on June 7, 2021,[91][92] emphasizing "work, wages, and wealth"[93][94] and running on the slogan "leave no one behind".[95][96] His running mate was Aruna Miller, a former state delegate who represented Maryland's 15th district from 2010 to 2019.[97]
    • During the primary, Moore was endorsed by House Majority Leader Steny Hoyer,[98] Prince George's County executive Angela Alsobrooks,[99] television host Oprah Winfrey,[100] and former Governor Parris Glendening.[101] He also received backing from the Maryland State Education Association[102] and VoteVets.org.[103]
    • On April 6, 2022, Moore filed a complaint with the Maryland State Board of Elections against the gubernatorial campaign of John King Jr., accusing "an unidentified party" of anonymously disseminating "false and disparaging information regarding Wes Moore via electronic mail and social media in an orchestrated attempt to disparage Mr. Moore and damage his candidacy." The complaint also suggested that King "may be responsible for this smear campaign", which the King campaign denied.[104][105] In April 2024, King's campaign was fined $2,000 after prosecutors connected the email address to an IP address used by Joseph O'Hearn, King's campaign manager.[106]
    • Moore won the Democratic primary on July 19, 2022, defeating former Democratic National Committee chairman Tom Perez and Comptroller Peter Franchot with 32.4% of the vote.[107] During the general election, Moore twice campaigned with U.S. President Joe Biden.[108][109] He also campaigned on reclaiming "patriotism" from Republicans, highlighting his service in the U.S. Army while also bringing attention to Republican nominee and state delegate Dan Cox's participation in the January 6 United States Capitol attack.[110][111][112] Moore defeated Cox in the general election,[4] and became Maryland's first Black governor[113] and the first veteran to be elected governor since William Donald Schaefer.[96]
    • In December 2022, Moore was elected to serve as finance chair of the Democratic Governors Association.[114]
    • Moore being sworn in as governor, 2023Moore was sworn in on January 18, 2023.[115][116][117] He took the oath of office on a Bible owned by abolitionist Frederick Douglass, as well as his grandfather's Bible.[118][119] The morning before his inauguration, Moore participated in a wreath-laying ceremony at the Kunta Kinte-Alex Haley Memorial at the Annapolis City Dock to "acknowledge the journey" that led to him becoming the third elected Black governor in U.S. history.[120][121][122] Later that night, he held a celebratory event at the Baltimore Convention Center.[123][124]
    • During the 2023 legislative session, Moore testified for several of his administration's bills, making him the first governor to do so since Martin O'Malley.[125]
    • Moore began announcing nominations for his 26-member cabinet on November 14, 2022.[126][127] He finished announcing his cabinet nominees on April 12, 2023, with the nomination of Sanjay Rai as Secretary for the Maryland Higher Education Commission.[128] According to The Baltimore Banner, Moore assembled his cabinet at a slower pace than previous Maryland governors.[129]
    • Twelve of Moore's cabinet nominees are women and 14 are people of color.[130][131][132] His nominees have mixed experience in government, social entrepreneurship, and philanthropy.[133][134] Three of them, Secretary of Emergency Management Russell Strickland, Maryland State Police superintendent Roland Butler, and Secretary of Public Safety and Correctional Services Carolyn Scruggs, are holdovers from the Hogan administration.[135][136][137]
    • As his chief of staff, Moore chose Fagan Harris, who co-founded the Baltimore Corps organization with Moore a decade ago.[138] Moore also named three members of the Maryland General Assembly to his administration: state senator Paul G. Pinsky as Director of the Maryland Energy Administration;[139] state senator Susan C. Lee as Secretary of State;[140] and House of Delegates Majority Leader Eric Luedtke as chief legislative officer.[138] Other notable Cabinet nominations included Salisbury mayor Jacob R. Day as Secretary of Housing and Community Development,[141] former New York City Department of Correction commissioner Vincent Schiraldi as Secretary of Juvenile Services, Anthony Woods as Secretary of Veterans Affairs,[142] and former WMATA general manager Paul Wiedefeld as Secretary of Transportation.[143]
    • All but two of Moore's cabinet nominees were unanimously confirmed by the Maryland Senate: Schiraldi, who faced opposition from Republicans over his policies toward juvenile justice reform;[144] and Butler, whose critics claimed had not done enough to address complaints of racism and disparate treatment of Black officers in the Maryland State Police.[145]
    • Political positions [ edit ] During an August 2006 interview with C-SPAN, Moore said he identified as a "social moderate and strong fiscal conservative".[146] In September 2022, he reiterated his position on fiscal issues as being "fiscally responsible".[147] During his gubernatorial campaign, he was described as center-left,[148] as well as progressive.[149][150]
    • Moore has cited Jared Polis, Parris Glendening, and Roy Cooper as his political role models.[101][150]
    • Moore greeting police officers in Hanover, Maryland, 2023Moore supports hiring more probation and parole officers, pursuing police misconduct allegations, and increasing resources for law enforcement agencies.[30][151] In February 2022, he unveiled a public safety plan that includes improving offender services, improving police diversity, and supporting and funding community-based policing and violence intervention programs.[152][153] Moore says he "believes in policing with maximum accountability and appropriate intensity",[154] and would provide funding for community-based violence intervention programs to address violent crime.[155] In an interview with MSNBC on August 30, 2022, Moore said that he would tackle crime in Baltimore by investing in violence intervention programs like Safe Streets and We Our Us.[156][157] In September 2022, Moore said he would use the "bully pulpit" of the governor's office to help recruit officers[158] and would give the state's Fraternal Order of Police a seat at the table, telling The Washington Post, "I don't think that you can be serious about actually implementing reforms if the agencies that have to be reformed are not part of the process."[147]
    • Moore has blamed his predecessor, Governor Larry Hogan, for increased violent crime in Maryland, citing his lack of collaboration between his administration and local leaders and legislators.[159] During his campaign, he called on Hogan to target state resources toward preventing gun violence in Baltimore[160] and campaigned on addressing crime in the city through better cooperation between the city and state, and to leverage these relationships on the federal level to bring more resources into the city.[161][162] In January 2023, Moore told CBS News that he supported a bill that would prohibit charging juveniles with felony murder.[163]
    • In January 2023, following the release of videos capturing the arrest and police assault of Tyre Nichols, Moore condemned the brutality of the police and thanked the U.S. Department of Justice for opening an investigation into Nichols's death.[164][165] He later said in an interview that Nichols's death only highlighted the need to tackle injustice head-on.[93]
    • In February 2023, Moore pledged $11 million in funding for the Maryland Coordination and Analysis Center, an agency that serves as a data-sharing platform for law enforcement officials across the state.[166] He also said that his administration would not use a quota system for traffic stops and arrests after a Baltimore Banner investigation found that Maryland State Police supervisors previously demanded troopers hit targets for traffic stops and arrests.[167][168] In June 2023, Moore released $5 million in funding from the American Rescue Plan Act of 2021 toward youth intervention efforts to deter violent crime around the state.[159][169]
    • In July 2023, following mass shootings in Baltimore and Salisbury that left a combined three dead and 34 injured, Moore released a statement expressing his condolences and spoke in support of gun violence prevention efforts in Baltimore.[170][171] He ruled out calls to form a special session to pass legislation to address gun violence, saying it was not needed,[172] but said he supported increased policing and longer sentences for repeat violent offenders.[173]
    • In January 2024, Moore introduced three bills aimed at improving public safety, including one to create apprenticeships in public safety to increase law enforcement retention and another to compensate victims of crime.[174] He also expressed support for lengthening probation periods for violent juvenile offenders and increasing the severity for gun crimes from misdemeanors to felonies,[175] and another bill to restrict sex offenders' ability to earn "good time" credits that reduce their sentence following the murder of Pava LaPere.[176] He also supported a bill that would allow minors to be charged with certain crimes and enable courts to extend probation limits for juveniles.[177]
    • Development initiatives [ edit ] Moore (center) on the Maryland Board of Public Works, 2023As governor, Moore is a member of the Maryland Board of Public Works'--a constitutionally appointed body that oversees many aspects of the state's finances'--along with the comptroller and the state treasurer. During his first board meeting in January 2023, Moore said the state would work to include more diverse businesses in state contracts.[178][179]
    • In November 2022, Moore said that he would not support spending state funds to keep the Washington Commanders in Maryland. The Commanders are contractually obligated to play at FedExField until September 2027.[180] In April 2023, he said he supported spending some taxpayer money on a new Commanders football stadium "if we know there's going to be a significant societal return on the investment".[181]
    • In December 2022, Moore said he supported bringing the new Federal Bureau of Investigation headquarters to Prince George's County, calling it a "personal priority".[182][183][184] In March 2023, Moore joined Democratic members of Maryland's congressional delegation and Prince George's County Executive Angela Alsobrooks in co-signing a letter to President Joe Biden asking him to get involved in the FBI's headquarters selection process.[185] In November 2023, the General Services Administration announced that it would locate the FBI's new headquarters in Greenbelt, Maryland.[186]
    • In February 2023, Moore announced a $600 million five-year partnership with the Baltimore Orioles to develop properties around Camden Yards.[187] In September, he and Orioles CEO John P. Angelos announced a memorandum of understanding that would extend the team's lease by 30 years, open development rights inside the park to private developers, and give the Orioles control over stadium operations and maintenance.[188][189] The stadium lease was finalized in December, but an agreement on the team's ground lease and redevelopment plan was postponed until 2027 following concerns from Senate President Bill Ferguson.[190][191]
    • In May 2024, Moore signed into law a bill that would transfer ownership of the Pimlico Race Course to the Maryland Thoroughbred Racetrack Operating Authority, allowing for a state-funded, multi-million dollar renovation project of the race course's track to begin and for the construction of a new training center at a separate location. The bill would also consolidate thoroughbred racing in Maryland to Pimlico and have the Maryland state government assume responsibility over racing operations at the course by next year.[192]
    • Moore supports the Blueprint for Maryland's Future reform effort,[102][193] testifying before the state legislature to urge its passage.[194] During his campaign, he said that he would "work closely with local governments to make sure they are on board with their commitments to the Blueprint".[195] In September 2022, Moore said he would institute universal pre-K and apprenticeship and trade programs in schools,[95][196] and promised increases for school construction, educator wages, after-school programs, tutoring, child care, and early childhood education.[197] In his first budget in January 2023, Moore proposed allocating $500 million toward funding the Blueprint,[198] which was later increased to $900 million by state legislators.[199]
    • Moore does not support the expansion of charter schools, saying that he wants to focus on improving public school districts, but wants to ensure accountability for current charters.[194] In his first budget, in January 2023, Moore cut funding for the state's Broadening Options and Opportunities for Students Today (BOOST) program to provide scholarships to students attending charter schools by $2 million,[200] and introduced new eligibility limits for current BOOST students and their siblings.[201] In an interview with Jewish Insider, Moore said he intended to get rid of the BOOST program in a few years, adding, "The focus that I have, the focus that our administration is going to have, is making sure that we are creating and developing world-class public schools for our students."[202] The budget was amended to reduce these cuts by $1 million in March 2023,[199] and signed into law in April.[203]
    • Moore supports creating a "service year option" in schools, which would enable high school graduates to do a gap year "in exchange for job training, mentorship, and other support including compensatory tuition at a state college or university."[150][204] On January 19, 2023, Moore signed an executive order creating the Maryland Department of Service and Civic Innovation, a cabinet-level agency responsible for establishing a service-year option for all high school graduates.[205] In February, he introduced the SERVE Act to create the "service year option program", which would pay young people $15 per hour for at least 30 hours a week for work in service to the community.[206] The SERVE Act was signed into law in April 2023.[203] The service year program launched with 280 participating students in October 2023.[207]
    • In November 2022, Moore called a plan to cancel up to $20,000 in federal student loan debt a "good first step" and said he would push the Biden administration to forgive more federal student debt if elected governor.[26]
    • In May 2023, during a commencement speech at Morehouse College, Moore criticized efforts to ban books and restrict curriculum in schools, suggesting that politicians who sought to "silence or rewrite the history of Black and brown people are actually afraid of people understanding their power".[208][209]
    • In June 2023, Moore said he opposed the U.S. Supreme Court's ruling in Students for Fair Admissions v. Harvard, which held that race-based affirmative action in college admissions violated the Equal Protection Clause, calling it a "misguided ruling".[210]
    • During his campaign, Moore criticized the Hogan administration for a "failure of executive leadership" on fighting climate change.[211] He supports the renewable energy goals set by the state's Clean Energy Jobs Act of 2019, which called for a 50% reduction in greenhouse gas emissions and an electrification of the state's vehicle fleet by 2030, and has said the state should pursue "more ambitious goals" beyond carbon neutrality.[212] He also proposed regulations to achieve 100% clean energy use by 2035 and net zero carbon emissions by 2045, electrify the state's fleet, and prioritize environmental-justice funding.[213] Moore also said that he would establish a "cap-and-invest" program in Maryland, which would tax polluters to provide revenue for clean energy infrastructure and relief in communities of color,[212] and promised to hire a "climate czar" in his administration,[214] whom he appointed in November 2023.[215]
    • Moore said he would support Chesapeake Bay restoration efforts by promoting "accountability and enforcement" in Maryland, as well as in neighboring states, use federal funds to upgrade water and wastewater systems, and by increasing the number of environmental inspectors.[211] In October 2022, he told Lancaster Farming that he would develop a plan to accelerate projects to improve water quality and cut carbon emissions in his administration's first 100 days, and supported the restoration of the state's Chesapeake Bay Restoration Fund.[216] In July 2023, Moore signed an executive order to refocus cleanup efforts onto shallow areas of the bay, and another establishing the Council on the Chesapeake and Coastal Bays to research state policy on oyster restoration and harvesting.[217] In October 2023, he was appointed as the chair of the Chesapeake Executive Council.[218]
    • In April 2022, Moore signed a Chesapeake Climate Action Network pledge to support legislation to get Maryland to use 100 percent carbon-free electricity by 2035 and to remove trash incineration from the state's "clean energy" classification.[219] In March 2023, he set a goal of achieving 8.5 gigawatts of wind power generation in the state by 2031,[220] which was later codified after he signed the POWER Act in April 2023.[221]
    • In October 2022, Moore told Lancaster Farming that he would support farmers by eliminating burdensome regulations, preserving farmland, and giving farmers technical assistance and financial resources.[216]
    • In February 2023, Moore introduced the Clean Transportation and Energy Act, which increases incentives for people and businesses looking to purchase electric trucks and charging stations.[222] In March 2023, he said he supported adopting California's Advanced Clean Cars II (ACC II) regulation, which would phase out the sale of gas-powered cars in the state by 2035.[223][224] In April 2023, he signed the Clean Transportation and Energy Act and several other bills aimed at strengthening the state's offshore wind energy industry into law.[221] In August 2023, Moore said he supported a proposal by then-Governor Hogan to delay emissions testing on new cars from three to six years, despite initially withdrawing the proposal earlier in his term due to equity concerns, after the Maryland Motor Vehicle Administration found that the change would have no severe impacts on equity.[225]
    • Moore speaks at a Moms Demand Action rally in Annapolis, 2023In 2022, Moore supported a bill to ban the possession and sale of privately made firearms in Maryland. He supports creating a firearms database to help law enforcement track guns used in crimes. In June 2022, Moore condemned the Supreme Court's ruling in New York State Rifle & Pistol Association, Inc. v. Bruen, calling it a "misguided and dangerous decision." He also opposed Governor Hogan's decision to suspend the state's "good and substantial reason" standard for obtaining a concealed carry permit following the ruling.[226]
    • In January 2023, Moore attended a Moms Demand Action rally in Annapolis, Maryland, where he said he would support the Gun Safety Act of 2023.[227] The bill would increase the requirements and fees to obtain a handgun permit, strengthen safe storage requirements, and prohibit gun owners from carrying guns near schools, government property, construction areas, or entertainment venues, and from entering someone's property while carrying a firearm unless given permission by the owner.[228] Moore signed the bill into law on May 16, 2023.[229] That same day, the National Rifle Association of America (NRA) filed a lawsuit in federal court challenging the law's location restrictions.[230] In September 2023, two days before the law was set to go into effect, U.S. District Judge George L. Russell III blocked sections of the bill restricting open carry near public demonstrations and private buildings, but upheld the remainder of the bill.[231]
    • In November 2023, Moore expressed disappointment with a Fourth Circuit Court of Appeals ruling that struck down a provision of the state's Firearm Safety Act of 2013 that required handgun owners to obtain a "handgun qualification license" to buy a handgun.[232]
    • In an interview with The Daily Record before becoming governor, Moore expressed support for the End-of-Life Options Act, which would allow terminally ill adults to request medical aid in dying.[233]
    • In January 2023, Moore proposed providing members of the Maryland National Guard with free health and dental care;[234] legislators later amended the bill to cap monthly reimbursements at $60 a month.[235] In May 2023, he signed into law the Josh Siems Act, a bill that would require emergency rooms to include fentanyl testing in toxicology screens.[236]
    • Moore supports the right to counsel in eviction cases, saying that providing tenants with access to counsel is "the just thing to do and it is the right thing to do".[237][238] On his campaign website, he says he would address the "unfair appraisal values in historically redlined neighborhoods" and provide increased funding for the Maryland Department of Housing and Community Development.[147] During a town hall in August 2023, Moore suggested that nonprofits could be used to help lower housing costs in addition to increasing the state's affordable housing inventory and supporting current homeowners.[239]
    • In January 2024, Moore introduced bills to increase federal funding and reducing barriers for affordable housing projects in the state, especially those around commuter rail stations, as well as legislation establishing a "Tenant's Bill of Rights" and providing additional protections to renters against evictions.[240] While Moore's tenant protections bills passed the legislature unchanged,[241] legislators opted to weaken the Housing Expansion and Affordability Act by removing provisions that would block jurisdictions from using an adequate public facilities ordinance to block the construction of affordable housing and modifying the qualifications needed for affordable housing projects to be eligible for density bonuses.[242]
    • Moore supports a balance between securing the United States' borders and creating pathways to citizenship for those already in the country.[243] In June 2023, Moore announced he would support efforts to strengthen the federal temporary protected status policy for immigrants living in the United States.[244] He also said he did not support sending members of the Maryland National Guard to the Mexico''United States border.[245]
    • Moore supported legislation introduced and passed during the 2022 legislative session that created a ballot referendum to legalize recreational marijuana in Maryland, and another bill that would regulate marijuana possession should the referendum pass in November. During his campaign, he has talked about implementing a recreational cannabis industry with a focus on equity "so that communities that have experienced the greatest disparities benefit the most."[226][246] In October 2022, Moore praised President Joe Biden's pardon of thousands of people convicted of marijuana possession under federal law,[247][248] and said that he would "fight to expunge the records of those arrested for marijuana possession [as governor]".[249]
    • In January 2023, Moore signed an executive order releasing $46.5 million to start developing the framework for a recreational marijuana industry in the state, with a majority of the released funds going toward grants for minority-owned firms.[205] In May 2023, he signed a bill regulating the state's recreational marijuana industry.[250]
    • In May 2023, Moore allowed a bill that prohibits police from stopping a vehicle solely based on if they smell marijuana to become law without his signature.[251]
    • In June 2024, Moore signed an executive order pardoning about 100,000 people with low-level cannabis-related convictions in Maryland.[252]
    • Moore with President Joe Biden at a campaign event in November 2022In July 2019, Moore criticized President Donald Trump's "rat and rodent infested mess" comments toward the city of Baltimore.[253]
    • Moore supports a two-state solution to the Israeli''Palestinian conflict.[254] In December 2022, he attended the Jewish Community Relations Council of Greater Washington's legislative breakfast, where he said he would be "very aggressive" in promoting trade between Maryland and Israel and promised that one of his first overseas visits would be to Israel.[255] He expressed solidarity with Israel amid the October 7 Hamas-led attack on Israel,[256][257] and later supported an immediate ceasefire in the Israel''Hamas war.[254]
    • In June 2021, Moore opposed voter-ID legislation introduced by state senator Justin Ready, calling it "voter suppression".[258] In September 2022, Moore said he opposed a lawsuit filed by state delegate Dan Cox against the Maryland State Board of Elections to block the early counting of Maryland's mail-in ballots in the 2022 elections, alleging that Cox was trying to sow distrust and uncertainty in the electoral system.[259] In April 2023, Moore signed a bill to allow counties to begin counting mail-in ballots before Election Day.[260] Before this bill was enacted, Maryland was the only state that restricted the processing of absentee ballots until after Election Day, according to the National Conference of State Legislatures.[261]
    • Moore signing a proclamation recognizing International Transgender Day of Visibility, 2023In 2022, Moore said he supported the Inclusive Schools Act, a bill introduced in the 2022 legislative session that bans schools from discriminating against students based on their sexual orientation and gender identity. He also supported the Trans Health Equity Act, a bill that would have required the state's Medicaid program to cover gender-affirming treatment.[226][262] In December 2022, Moore praised the signing of the Respect for Marriage Act, which codifies same-sex and interracial marriage rights.[263] On March 31, 2023, Moore became the first Maryland governor to recognize International Transgender Day of Visibility when he issued an official proclamation.[264] In May 2023, he signed the Trans Health Equity Act into law[250] and allowed a bill furthering an earlier repeal of the state's sodomy law to become law without his signature.[265] In June 2023, Moore signed an executive order to protect people or entities that provide gender-affirming care from legal punishments by other states.[266]
    • In June 2022, following the Supreme Court's ruling in Dobbs v. Jackson Women's Health Organization, Moore said that he would support an amendment to the Maryland Constitution to enshrine abortion access.[267][268] He also pledged to release $3.5 million in funding for the Abortion Care Access Act, a bill passed in the 2022 legislative session that would expand the types of medical professionals who can perform abortions in Maryland, on his first day in office.[269] On January 19, 2023, Moore signed his first executive order releasing $3.5 million in funding for training healthcare providers in abortion care under the Abortion Care Access Act.[205] In February 2023, Moore joined the Reproductive Freedom Alliance, an interstate gubernatorial agreement led by California Governor Gavin Newsom intended to strengthen abortion access in member states.[270] In May 2023, he signed a pair of bills into law aimed at protecting patients seeking an abortion and increase access to abortion medication, and a bill creating a 2024 referendum on codifying the right to abortion access into the Maryland Constitution.[250] In February 2024, Moore criticized the Alabama Supreme Court's ruling in LePage v. Center for Reproductive Medicine, which held that frozen embryos had the same rights as children, calling it "out of step".[271]
    • In April 2023, after a federal court ruling repealed the Food and Drug Administration's approval of mifepristone, Moore said the state would begin stockpiling enough of the abortion pill to last two and a half years.[272] In June 2023, he voted to approve $1.3 million toward purchasing 30,000 doses of mifepristone and 5,000 doses of misoprostol.[273]
    • In April 2023, following an investigation by Maryland Attorney General Brian Frosh into child sexual abuse in the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Baltimore, Attorney General Anthony Brown released a 463-page report accusing the archdiocese of covering up more than 600 cases of child sexual abuse against 156 Catholic priests over 60 years.[274] On April 11, 2023, Moore signed the Maryland Child Victims Act, which eliminates the statute of limitations on child sexual abuse lawsuits.[275]
    • Moore opposed Governor Hogan's decision to cancel the Red Line, and said during his campaign that he supported restarting the rail project.[276][277][278] During his campaign, he called for an "intermodal Red Line, that is built quickly, cost-effectively, and with community input on stops, disruptions, and impact on local businesses".[279] In November 2022, Moore said he would support creating a regional transit authority for working on projects.[280] On June 15, 2023, Moore announced that he would seek federal funding to restart efforts to build the Red Line.[281]
    • Moore does not support Governor Hogan's plan to widen portions of the Capital Beltway and Interstate 270 using high-occupancy toll lanes, saying that he would instead support a transit line alongside I-270 and a proposed transit line from Prince George's County to Charles County.[212] Critics have accused Moore of flip-flopping on this stance after he told the Maryland Transit Opportunities that he would be willing to dedicate federal funds to the project, issuing a statement afterwards saying that he would be open to toll lanes if there were strong public consensus.[282] In a radio interview with WAMU in July 2022, he said he preferred a "new type of proposal" for the I-270 toll lanes plan that included reversible lanes, increased transit, and greater collaboration with local "stakeholders."[283] In August 2023, Moore requested $2.4 billion in federal funding to add managed lanes to parts of the Capital Beltway and I-270, and to rebuild the American Legion Memorial Bridge.[284][285]
    • In December 2022, Moore said he would view all transportation issues, including the I-270 and I-495 expansion efforts, through a "lens" of equity, environmental protection, and local partnership.[286]
    • In his first budget in January 2023, Moore proposed allocating $500 million toward unspecified transportation projects.[198] When asked by the Capital Gazette if this money would be used for the Red Line, Moore said that he had spoken with federal officials about restarting the line and that he did not want to "start from scratch". He also said he planned to use federal funds and public-private partnerships in transportation projects, including the Purple and Red lines.[287] The budget was amended to reduce this funding to $100 million, but also gave the governor the ability to tap the state's "rainy day" fund for an extra $100 million.[288]
    • In July 2023, after the Maryland Transit Administration announced that the opening of the Purple Line would be delayed until spring 2027, Moore promised to complete the Purple Line during his tenure and to prevent future delays.[289] After the Purple Line was further delayed in March 2024, Moore blamed his predecessor, Larry Hogan, for creating "boondoggles of challenges" that led to delays on the rail line project.[290]
    • In December 2023, facing a long-term budget shortfall, Moore announced a six-year plan to cut the state's transportation budget by $3.3 billion, or eight percent, including a $1.6 billion cut to "all major highway expansion construction projects" and a $652 million cut to transit expansion projects. The proposed plan would reduce commuter bus services and lines, delay the state's transition to electric buses, and cancel plans to expand the Brunswick Line.[291][292] He later announced a one-year infusion of $150 million to the state's transportation fund, with most of the added funding being used to restore highway user revenue funding, to ease the effects of the cuts.[293]
    • In March 2024, following the Francis Scott Key Bridge collapse, Moore declared a state of emergency[294] and called the disaster a "global crisis".[295] He also thanked Maryland Transportation Authority Police officers for closing the bridge after receiving mayday calls from the MV Dali, which prevented additional deaths during the collapse.[296] In the legislature, Moore supported the PORT Act, a bill introduced by Senate President Bill Ferguson to provide $60 million in financial assistance to workers and businesses affected by the subsequent closure of the Port of Baltimore[297] and introduced a bill that would create a permanent state scholarship for the children of surviving spouses of maintenance workers killed during the bridge collapse, which was later amended into the PORT Act.[298]
    • Before taking office, Maryland's economic outlook was among the lowest in the nation, according to the American Legislative Exchange Council.[299] Over the past decade, the state's gross domestic product (GDP) had only grown by 11 percent, compared to a 23 percent growth nationally, and ranked in the bottom 10 states in several economic factors, including economic momentum, change in personal income, and population growth.[300] At the same time, the state had a $2.5 billion budget surplus from a combination of federal pandemic aid and a tightening of state spending, $2.9 billion in its "rainy day fund",[301][302] and low unemployment numbers.[303]
    • During the 2023 legislative session, Moore introduced the Innovation Economy Infrastructure Act, which would provide $10 million in grants for "infrastructure projects in eligible technology sectors"; the Access to Banking Act, which incentives banking institutions to locate in low- and moderate-income areas of the state; and the Broadband Expansion Act, which initially offered tax incentives to the broadband internet industry[206] but was later watered down to a bill to study how to incentivize broadband expansion.[235] All three bills were signed into law in May 2023.[304]
    • In May 2023, Moore signed an executive order creating the Innovation and Impact Council, which would investigate ways the state could partner with businesses and nonprofits to address social and equity issues.[305] In June, he signed another executive order to establish the Maryland Economic Council, which was tasked with developing economic development strategies for the state.[306]
    • In August 2023, following a report from the Maryland Department of Legislative Services predicting that the state's budget deficits would increase to $1.8 billion annually by 2028, Moore cautioned that the state would enter a "season of discipline".[307][308] He also pledged to hire a chief performance officer, later naming Asma Mirza, the deputy for implementation management for the White House Infrastructure Implementation Team, to the position.[309]
    • In October 2023, Moore said he would support giving municipalities the ability to designate local "tourism zones".[310]
    • Moore rallying with AFSCME union members, 2023Before taking office, the Maryland Department of Legislative Services reported a "historically high" level of vacancies in state government, with only three departments in the executive branch having vacancy rates lower than 10 percent.[311] During his campaign, Moore promised to fill 5,000 vacancies within his first year in office,[312] and included raises up to 18 percent for state employees to incentivize recruitment and retention.[300] As of October 2023, only 791 positions had been filled, according to data from the Maryland Department of Legislative Services.[313]
    • In February 2023, Moore said he would scrap the Maryland Aviation Administration's controversial contract process to run concessions operations at Baltimore/Washington International Airport.[314][315] In March, he promised to include a "labor peace" agreement in future BWI concessions operations contracts.[316] The BWI contract bidding process restarted in September 2023, and includes provisions to include the labor peace agreement, which would allow service workers to unionize but prohibited strikes.[317]
    • During the 2024 legislative session, Moore will introduce the Families Serve Act, which would allow employers to give preference to military dependents in hiring; and the Time to Serve Act, which doubles the amount of days of leave state employees can take to fulfill duties in military reserves. He also supported bills to ban discrimination toward military members in hiring.[318]
    • During his campaign, Moore said that he would accelerate the state's incremental increase to a minimum wage of $15 an hour by 2023.[94][319] He also supports indexing the state's minimum wage to inflation.[320] At the beginning of the 2023 legislative session, Moore introduced the Fair Wage Act, a bill that would accelerate the state's minimum wage build-up to reach $15 an hour by October 2023[198][321] and index the minimum wage to the consumer price index starting in July 2025, with increases capped at five percent per year.[222] The Senate Finance Committee amended the bill to remove provisions linking it to the consumer price index and delayed the wage increase until January 1, 2024.[322][323] Moore signed the bill into law on April 11, 2023.[324] He also allocated $218 million in his first budget to support state service providers in keeping up with the accelerated wage increase.[325]
    • During his tenure as CEO of the Robin Hood Foundation, Moore pushed for New York legislators and Governor Andrew Cuomo to expand the state's child tax credit, and lobbied for the issue to be mentioned in Cuomo's State of the State speech.[93]
    • During his campaign, Moore repeatedly said that he does not anticipate raising taxes as governor,[147][303][326] but said in September 2022 that he planned to work with the legislature to fix what he described as the state's "upside-down taxation system".[147] In January 2024, he expressed openness to raising taxes to address the state's budget shortfall, but said that any conversation about taxes would have a "very high bar".[327]
    • In May 2022, following a spike in gas prices as the result of the Russo-Ukrainian War, Moore said he supported staving off automatic increases to the state's gas tax, arguing that voters needed immediate relief[328] and later calling it a "regressive tax".[329] In September 2022, Moore told the Maryland Family Network that he would support child care programs by subsidizing the service through tax credits for low-income families.[95] He also expressed interest in eliminating either the state's estate or inheritance tax to make the state more attractive to retirees.[147] In June 2023, Moore said he supported shifting transportation funding away from the state's gas tax as well as decoupling it from inflation, but opposed calling a special session to do so, instead preferring to pass tax reforms during the 2024 legislative session.[330]
    • In his first budget in January 2023, Moore introduced the Family Prosperity Act, which allocates $171 million toward making permanent the earned income tax credit passed by lawmakers in 2021, and the Keep Our Heroes Home Act, which provides $33 million for expanding tax exemptions for military retirement income;[198][234] legislators later scaled down the Keep Our Heroes Home Act to only raise the state's income exemption limit to $20,000 for older veterans and $12,500 for younger ones.[331] Moore signed both bills into law in April and May 2023,[332][333] as well as another bill to allow workers to deduct union dues from their income taxes.[334]
    • Moore testifying before the Senate Committee on Finance in 2010In September 2010, Moore testified in support of reauthorizing the Temporary Assistance for Needy Families federal assistance program.[335] In July 2021, he opposed Governor Hogan's decision to end expanded federal unemployment benefits provided by the American Rescue Plan Act of 2021 early.[336] In December 2022, Moore said he supported indexing the state's maximum unemployment insurance payment to inflation.[320]
    • In August 2022, Moore supported protests led by veterans at the United States Capitol to pass the Honoring our PACT Act of 2022, which would provide benefits for veterans exposed to burn pits and other toxic phenomena.[337]
    • During his gubernatorial campaign, Moore said he supported establishing a state "baby bonds" program, which would cost roughly $100 million per year and be seeded with $3,200 for every child born on Medicaid, to target the racial wealth gap. If enacted, it would be the largest baby bond program ever enacted in the United States.[338]
    • During the 2024 legislative session, Moore introduced the ENOUGH Act, a bill to provide $15 million in grants toward underserved communities.[339]
    • Moore and his family at his gubernatorial inauguration, 2023Moore met Dawn Flythe in Washington, D.C. in 2002.[340] They moved to the Riverside community in Baltimore in 2006.[75] The couple eloped in Las Vegas while he was on a brief leave from Afghanistan and were married by an Elvis impersonator.[341] Their official wedding ceremony was held on July 6, 2007.[342] They have two children, born 2011 and 2013.[343]
    • In late 2008, the Moores moved from Riverside to Guilford, where they lived until Moore's election as governor in 2022.[344] They reside in Government House, the official residence of the Maryland governor and First Family in Annapolis, Maryland.[345]
    • From 2015 to 2023, Moore attended services at the Southern Baptist Church in east Baltimore.[346]
    • In July 2023, Moore received an honorary degree from the University of the Commonwealth Caribbean.[347]
    • Military decorations and badges [ edit ] Moore's decorations and medals include:[25]
    • The other Wes Moore : one name, two fates, New York : Spiegel & Grau, 2010. ISBN 9780385528191Discovering Wes Moore : My Story, New York : Ember (Random House), 2013. ISBN 9780385741682, 9780385741675, 9780375986703The work : searching for a life that matters, New York : Spiegel & Grau, 2015. ISBN 9780812983845Wes Moore; Shawn Goodman, This way home, New York : Delacorte Press, 2015. ISBN 9780385741699Wes Moore; Erica L Green, Five days : the fiery reckoning of an American city, New York : One World, 2020. ISBN 9780525512363List of minority governors and lieutenant governors in the United States ^ a b c d e McLeod, Ethan (February 8, 2021). "Wes Moore stepping down as CEO of New York's Robin Hood Foundation". Baltimore Business Journal. Archived from the original on February 8, 2021 . Retrieved May 13, 2021 . ^ Moore, Wes. "Coming Back With Wes Moore". PBS.org. Archived from the original on August 15, 2015 . Retrieved August 18, 2015 . ^ Milevski, Laila (January 19, 2023). 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Archived from the original on October 8, 2022 . Retrieved October 8, 2022 . ^ Hutzell, Rick (July 20, 2023). "Gov. Wes Moore outlines new approach to Chesapeake Bay cleanup". Baltimore Banner . Retrieved July 23, 2023 . ^ Condon, Christine (October 19, 2023). " 'I want our state to be a model': Maryland Gov. Wes Moore to chair Chesapeake Bay Program". The Baltimore Sun . Retrieved November 6, 2023 . ^ Kurtz, Josh; Shwe, Elizabeth (April 20, 2022). "Political Notes: Dem Candidates for Governor Take the Climate Pledge, Baron at Knife's Edge and More". Maryland Matters. Archived from the original on June 6, 2022 . Retrieved July 5, 2022 . ^ Condon, Christine (March 29, 2023). "Gov. Wes Moore backs big new offshore wind goal for Maryland at industry conference in Baltimore". The Baltimore Sun . Retrieved March 29, 2023 . ^ a b Cremen, Alanea (April 21, 2023). "Gov. Wes Moore signs POWER Act, quadrupling Maryland's offshore energy goal". WUSA-TV . Retrieved April 21, 2023 . ^ a b Kurtz, Josh (February 4, 2023). "Moore's first bills seek to fulfill campaign promises; legislation gets some GOP buy-in". Maryland Matters . Retrieved February 4, 2023 . ^ Willis, Adam (March 13, 2023). "Gov. Moore supports phasing out the sale of new gas-powered cars by 2035". Baltimore Banner . Retrieved March 13, 2023 . ^ Kamau, Wambui (March 13, 2023). "Moore: Maryland must sell only electric vehicles by 2035". WYPR . Retrieved March 13, 2023 . ^ Condon, Christine (August 31, 2023). "Moore administration supports delaying initial emissions tests for new cars by 3 years". The Baltimore Sun . Retrieved August 31, 2023 . ^ a b c Gaskill, Hannah; Janesch, Sam (September 6, 2022). "Here's where Wes Moore and Dan Cox stand on health care, guns, the environment and more". The Baltimore Sun. Archived from the original on October 20, 2022 . Retrieved September 6, 2022 . ^ Gaskill, Hannah (January 31, 2023). "Wes Moore joins Democratic legislative leaders in calling for stricter gun policies in Maryland". The Baltimore Sun. Archived from the original on January 31, 2023 . Retrieved January 31, 2023 . ^ Cox, Erin (May 16, 2023). "Md. tightened gun laws after watershed high-court ruling. The NRA sued". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on May 16, 2023 . Retrieved May 17, 2023 . ^ Janesch, Sam (May 16, 2023). "Maryland Gov. Wes Moore to sign laws restricting who can carry firearms and where they can carry them". The Baltimore Sun. Archived from the original on May 16, 2023 . Retrieved May 16, 2023 . ^ Watson, Michelle (May 17, 2023). "NRA sues Maryland governor after he signs gun safety legislation". CNN. Archived from the original on May 17, 2023 . Retrieved May 17, 2023 . ^ Gaines, Danielle E. (September 29, 2023). "Judge blocks part of new Md. gun law that was about to take effect". Maryland Matters . Retrieved November 6, 2023 . ^ Segelbaum, Dylan; Wood, Pamela (November 21, 2023). "Maryland can't enforce handgun licensing law". Baltimore Banner . Retrieved November 22, 2023 . ^ Brown, Danielle J. (December 4, 2023). "Supporters optimistic that aid-in-dying legislation could get vote in 2024 General Assembly". Maryland Matters . Retrieved December 4, 2023 . ^ a b Cox, Erin (January 26, 2023). "Wes Moore's first legislation: tax cuts and health care for veterans". The Washington Post . Retrieved January 26, 2023 . ^ a b Janesch, Sam (March 24, 2023). "As Maryland Gov. Wes Moore lobbies for his 10 bills, legislators amend, combine and slash at his priorities". The Baltimore Sun . Retrieved April 9, 2023 . ^ Wintrode, Brenda; Wood, Pamela (May 3, 2023). "Gov. Moore signs cannabis, reproductive rights and trans healthcare bills into law". Baltimore Banner . Retrieved May 3, 2023 . ^ Leckrone, Bennett (September 22, 2021). "Democratic Gubernatorial Candidates Outline Housing Policies At Forum". Maryland Matters. Archived from the original on July 5, 2022 . Retrieved July 5, 2022 . ^ Wiggins, Ovetta (September 22, 2021). "Maryland Democrats vying for governor discuss housing in first candidates forum". The Washington Post . Retrieved July 5, 2022 . ^ Gilstrap, Samantha (August 1, 2023). "Gov. Wes Moore discusses the future of Maryland with WUSA9 | Town Hall". WUSA-TV . Retrieved August 1, 2023 . ^ Miller, Hallie (January 10, 2024). "Gov. Moore housing agenda: Development, density and renter protections". Baltimore Banner . Retrieved January 10, 2024 . ^ Wood, Pamela (March 18, 2024). "Gov. Moore waiting on housing bill as other legislative priorities advance". The Baltimore Banner . Retrieved March 25, 2024 . ^ Hogan, Jack (March 25, 2024). "MD politics: House set to tweak Wes Moore affordable housing plan". Maryland Daily Record . Retrieved March 25, 2024 . ^ Jensen, Brennen (December 12, 2023). "The Governor Wes Moore". Johns Hopkins Magazine . Retrieved December 25, 2023 . ^ Arzate, H(C)ctor Alejandro (June 16, 2023). "Gov. Wes Moore Tells Immigrant Families He'll Push To Strengthen Temporary Protected Status". DCist. Archived from the original on June 29, 2023 . Retrieved June 29, 2023 . ^ Swalec, Andrea (June 1, 2023). " 'Maryland's Not Doing That': Governor Reacts to States Sending National Guard to Border". NBC Washington . Retrieved June 29, 2023 . ^ Reklaitis, Victor (December 15, 2022). "Gov.-elect Wes Moore says the opening of Maryland's cannabis market will be quick but also equitable". MarketWatch . Retrieved December 16, 2022 . ^ Jaeger, Kyle (October 7, 2022). "Will Governors Issue Marijuana Pardons Following Biden's Call To Action? Dozens Are Already Weighing In". Marijuana Moment. Archived from the original on October 7, 2022 . Retrieved October 7, 2022 . ^ Figueroa, Ariana; Fischler, Jacob; Ford, William; Shutt, Jennifer (October 6, 2022). "Moore visits pot dispensary, praises Biden pardon announcement on simple marijuana possession". Maryland Matters. Archived from the original on October 7, 2022 . Retrieved October 6, 2022 . ^ Blumenthal, Paul (October 7, 2022). "Biden Asked Governors To Pardon Low-Level Marijuana Offenders. Many Already Have". HuffPost. Archived from the original on October 7, 2022 . Retrieved October 7, 2022 . ^ a b c Gaskill, Hannah (May 3, 2023). "Maryland Gov. Wes Moore to sign abortion protection bills Wednesday". The Baltimore Sun . Retrieved May 3, 2023 . ^ Wood, Pamela (May 19, 2023). "As of July 1, police won't be able to stop people for smell of cannabis". Baltimore Banner . Retrieved May 19, 2023 . ^ Cox, Erin; Shepherd, Katie; Mettler, Katie (June 17, 2024). "Maryland governor to pardon 175,000 marijuana convictions in sweeping order". The Washington Post . Retrieved June 17, 2024 . ^ Campbell, Colin (July 28, 2019). "The Obamas, David Simon and others come to Baltimore's defense after Trump's tweets against city". The Baltimore Sun . Retrieved November 6, 2023 . ^ a b Cox, Erin; Shepherd, Katie; Hauslohner, Abigail (March 16, 2024). "Hogan says he would be Maryland's 'pro-Israel champion' in Congress". The Washington Post . Retrieved March 17, 2024 . ^ Pollak, Suzanne (December 14, 2022). "Wes Moore eyes visit to Israel". Washington Jewish Week . Retrieved February 2, 2023 . ^ Janesch, Sam (October 14, 2023). "Maryland officials vow to support Israel, work to free hostages in deadly conflict: 'We will not rest until we get them out' ". The Baltimore Sun . Retrieved November 6, 2023 . ^ Hosseini, Fatema; Mercado, Ryan (October 13, 2023). "At DC rally, Maryland's Moore, Hoyer and others declare solidarity with Israel". Capital News Service . Retrieved November 6, 2023 . ^ Kurtz, Josh (June 11, 2021). "Md. Republicans Rap Wes Moore Pitch on GOP Voter Suppression". Maryland Matters. Archived from the original on July 5, 2022 . Retrieved July 5, 2022 . ^ Wood, Pamela (September 27, 2022). "GOP gubernatorial candidate Cox continues opposition to mail ballot counting plan". Baltimore Banner. Archived from the original on September 27, 2022 . Retrieved September 27, 2022 . ^ Sears, Bryan P. (April 24, 2023). "Service year bill tops list of nearly 150 signed into law". Maryland Matters . Retrieved April 29, 2023 . ^ Koslof, Evan (September 16, 2022). "Maryland Republican Governor candidate Dan Cox and Board of Elections locked in legal battle over mail-in ballots". WUSA9 . Retrieved April 29, 2023 . ^ Wiggins, Christopher (September 29, 2022). "Politics Maryland's Wes Moore Vows to Protect LGBTQ+ Rights as Governor". The Advocate. Archived from the original on September 29, 2022 . Retrieved September 30, 2022 . ^ Shutt, Jennifer (December 13, 2022). "Biden signs law extending marriage protections to same-sex and interracial couples". Maryland Matters . Retrieved December 14, 2022 . ^ Wood, Pamela (March 31, 2023). "For the first time, Maryland government recognizes International Transgender Day of Visibility". Baltimore Banner . Retrieved March 31, 2023 . ^ "Bill to repeal Md. sodomy law to take effect without governor's signature". The Washington Blade. May 19, 2023 . Retrieved May 19, 2023 . ^ Brown, Daneille J. (June 7, 2023). "Moore signs order to protect trans people, medical providers as other states ban gender-affirming care". Maryland Matters . Retrieved June 8, 2023 . ^ Gaskill, Hannah; Janesch, Sam (June 24, 2022). "Some Maryland politicians, candidates for governor vow to strengthen state abortion laws in wake of Roe decision". The Baltimore Sun. Archived from the original on July 5, 2022 . Retrieved July 5, 2022 . ^ Gaines, Danielle; Shwe, Elizabeth (May 3, 2022). "After Leak of Draft SCOTUS Opinion on Abortion Rights, Maryland Lawmakers and Candidates Pledge Action". Maryland Matters. Archived from the original on June 7, 2022 . Retrieved July 5, 2022 . ^ Pasia, Nicole (August 23, 2022). "Maryland's 'first-in-the-nation' approach to ensuring abortion care". State of Reform. Archived from the original on August 23, 2022 . Retrieved August 23, 2022 . ^ "Maryland Gov. Wes Moore forms alliance on abortion rights with other Democratic governors". The Baltimore Sun. Associated Press. February 21, 2023 . Retrieved February 21, 2023 . ^ Banks, Torrence; Stewart, Brennan (February 23, 2024). "Maryland's Moore blasts Alabama IVF ruling as "out of step" with the country". Capital News Service . Retrieved February 23, 2024 . ^ Gaskill, Hannah (April 14, 2023). "Maryland stockpiles contested abortion pill as fate of FDA approval hangs in federal court". The Baltimore Sun . Retrieved April 14, 2023 . ^ Wood, Pamela (June 7, 2023). "Maryland spends $1.3M to stockpile abortion drugs". Baltimore Banner . Retrieved June 8, 2023 . ^ Li, David K.; Siemaszko, Corky (April 5, 2023). "Baltimore's Catholic Church sexually abused at least 600 children over 60 years, Maryland AG says". NBC News . Retrieved April 11, 2023 . ^ O'Neill, Madeleine (April 11, 2023). "Moore signs Child Victims Act, making it easier for sex abuse survivors to sue". The Daily Record . Retrieved April 11, 2023 . ^ Shwe, Elizabeth (March 9, 2022). "Gubernatorial Candidates Lay Out Climate Policies at Forum". Maryland Matters. Archived from the original on July 5, 2022 . Retrieved July 5, 2022 . ^ Wood, Pamela (July 1, 2022). "Maryland governor contenders Moore and Perez push their visions on Baltimore radio, while Franchot is a no-show". Baltimore Banner. Archived from the original on July 4, 2022 . Retrieved July 5, 2022 . ^ Capps, Kriston (December 9, 2022). "Maryland's New Governor on Baltimore's Red Line: 'We're Going to Get it Done' ". Bloomberg News . Retrieved December 9, 2022 . ^ Duncan, Ian; Laris, Michael (December 16, 2022). "As Wes Moore seeks to revive Baltimore's Red Line, project faces uncertain path". The Washington Post . Retrieved December 16, 2022 . ^ Dvorkin, Garrett (November 21, 2022). "Gov.-Elect Moore says Maryland, Baltimore must work together for state to thrive". Baltimore Business Journal . Retrieved December 9, 2022 . ^ Wood, Pamela (June 15, 2023). "Gov. Moore relaunches planning for Red Line transit in Baltimore". Baltimore Banner . Retrieved June 15, 2023 . ^ DePuyt, Bruce (March 29, 2022). "Critics Accuse Moore of "Flip-Flop" on I-270 Toll Lanes Plan". Maryland Matters. Archived from the original on July 5, 2022 . Retrieved July 5, 2022 . ^ DePuyt, Bruce (August 4, 2022). "Days before feds could issue I-495 toll lanes decision, Montgomery official urges delay". Maryland Matters. Archived from the original on August 4, 2022 . Retrieved August 4, 2022 . ^ Sears, Bryan P. (August 21, 2023). "State seeks federal grant to rebuild American Legion Bridge, I-495 toll lanes". Maryland Matters . Retrieved August 25, 2023 . ^ Lazo, Luz; Shepherd, Katie (August 21, 2023). "Maryland pursues publicly funding Beltway relief project". The Washington Post . Retrieved August 25, 2023 . ^ DePuyt, Bruce (December 16, 2022). "Moore pledges to steer I-270/I-495 traffic relief efforts in a new direction". Maryland Matters . Retrieved December 16, 2022 . ^ Janesch, Sam (January 22, 2023). "With his first budget plan in, Moore's proposals begin to take shape against a backdrop of uncertain financial forecasts". Capital Gazette . Retrieved January 23, 2023 . ^ Wood, Pamela (March 31, 2023). "Maryland House, Senate resolve budget impasse over education funding". Baltimore Banner . Retrieved March 31, 2023 . ^ Sears, Bryan P. (July 19, 2023). "Moore vows to get Purple Line on track and control costs and future delays". Maryland Matters . Retrieved July 23, 2023 . ^ Bansil, Sapna (March 13, 2024). "State okays more Purple Line money, but not gladly". Capital News Service . Retrieved April 7, 2024 . ^ Duncan, Ian; Cox, Erin (December 2, 2023). "Moore administration targets $2 billion cut to Md. transportation projects". The Washington Post . Retrieved December 1, 2023 . ^ Sears, Bryan P. (December 2, 2023). "State set to announce deep cuts to transportation agencies". Maryland Matters . Retrieved December 2, 2023 . ^ Sears, Bryan P. (January 16, 2024). "Moore plans one-time infusion to ease pain of transportation cuts". Maryland Matters . Retrieved January 16, 2024 . ^ Forrest, Jack; Alonso, Melissa; Mascarenhas, Lauren (March 26, 2024). "Cargo ship lost power before colliding with Baltimore bridge; 6 presumed dead". CNN . Retrieved April 7, 2024 . ^ Halpert, Madeline (March 27, 2024). "Baltimore bridge collapse: Divers find two bodies in submerged truck". BBC . Retrieved April 7, 2024 . ^ Condon, Christine; Gardner, Hayes (March 26, 2024). "6 workers presumed dead; Baltimore's Key Bridge collapses after container ship hits support column". The Baltimore Sun . Retrieved April 7, 2024 . ^ Iannetta, Jessica (April 5, 2024). "Wes Moore authorizes $60M for programs to aid Baltimore port workers, companies". Washington Business Journal . Retrieved April 7, 2024 . ^ Wood, Pamela (April 2, 2024). "How lawmakers plan to help workers, businesses affected by Baltimore port disruptions". The Baltimore Banner . Retrieved April 7, 2024 . ^ Kurtz, Josh (November 4, 2022). "Hogan gets hero's send-off at business group lunch '-- but national ratings aren't so favorable". Maryland Matters . Retrieved November 6, 2023 . ^ a b Kurtz, Josh (January 21, 2023). "Analysis: In budget introduction, Moore takes down Hogan policies". Maryland Matters . Retrieved November 6, 2023 . ^ DePuyt, Bruce (December 15, 2022). "As Democrats prepare to retake power in Annapolis, Hogan issues warning on spending". Maryland Matters . Retrieved November 6, 2023 . ^ Wood, Pamela (January 18, 2023). "Gov. Larry Hogan promised to change Maryland. As he leaves office, did he deliver?". Baltimore Banner . Retrieved November 6, 2023 . ^ a b Gans, Jared (January 1, 2023). "Incoming Maryland governor 'confident' he can reach economic goals without tax hike". The Hill . Retrieved January 1, 2023 . ^ Gaskill, Hannah; Janesch, Sam (May 8, 2023). "Gov. Wes Moore to sign economic development bills". The Baltimore Sun . Retrieved May 8, 2023 . ^ Sears, Bryan P. (May 8, 2023). "Moore focuses on jobs, economy in fifth bill signing". Maryland Matters . Retrieved November 6, 2023 . ^ Wintrode, Brenda (June 8, 2023). "Gov. Moore taps Netflix executive to lead new economic council". Baltimore Banner . Retrieved November 6, 2023 . ^ Cox, Erin (August 18, 2023). "Wes Moore: Maryland's 'lazy' economy must change". The Washington Post . Retrieved November 6, 2023 . ^ Gaskill, Hannah; Janesch, Sam (September 21, 2023). "Maryland Gov. Wes Moore warned of budgetary woes. What does that mean for state projects and financial planning?". The Baltimore Sun . Retrieved November 6, 2023 . ^ Weingarten, Dwight A. (September 7, 2023). "Gov. Wes Moore takes page from Obama, staffer from Biden in chief performance officer hire". The Herald-Mail . Retrieved November 6, 2023 . ^ Ford, William J. (October 18, 2023). "Moore plans to hold quarterly meetings with mayors at government house, support 'tourism zones' ". Maryland Matters . Retrieved November 6, 2023 . ^ Weingarten, Dwight A. (November 17, 2022). " 'Historically high': State agencies have huge job vacancies, but $2 billion surplus". The Herald-Mail . Retrieved November 6, 2023 . ^ Collins, David (January 13, 2023). "Maryland legislative leaders prioritize filling state job vacancies". WBAL-TV . Retrieved November 6, 2023 . ^ Sears, Bryan P. (November 13, 2023). "Effort to reduce vacant state government positions falling short of Moore's promise". Maryland Matters . Retrieved November 13, 2023 . ^ Kurtz, Josh (February 21, 2023). "Moore orders do-over for lucrative BWI Airport concessions contract". Maryland Matters . Retrieved March 1, 2023 . ^ Belson, Dan (February 23, 2023). "Maryland Gov. Wes Moore seeks redo of controversial procurement for BWI airport concessionaire". The Baltimore Sun . Retrieved March 1, 2023 . ^ Kurtz, Josh (March 1, 2023). "Moore pledges 'labor peace' for new airport concessions contract". Maryland Matters . Retrieved March 1, 2023 . ^ Kurtz, Josh (September 20, 2023). "State restarts controversial bidding process for BWI Airport concessions contract". Maryland Matters . Retrieved November 6, 2023 . ^ Wood, Pamela (December 13, 2023). "Gov. Moore's first 2024 bills would benefit military families". Baltimore Banner . Retrieved December 13, 2023 . ^ Janesch, Sam (September 14, 2022). "Maryland gubernatorial nominees Dan Cox, Wes Moore talk child care, paid leave and budget surplus in virtual forum". The Baltimore Sun. Archived from the original on September 15, 2022 . Retrieved September 14, 2022 . ^ a b Pickert, Reade (December 8, 2022). "Maryland Governor-Elect Wants to Index Jobless Benefits to Inflation". Bloomberg News . Retrieved December 8, 2022 . ^ Gaskill, Hannah; Janesch, Sam (January 20, 2023). "Maryland Gov. Wes Moore introduces $63B budget plan, calls for investments in education and transportation". The Baltimore Sun . Retrieved January 20, 2023 . ^ Janesch, Sam (March 10, 2023). "Maryland senators put the brakes on Gov. Wes Moore's plans to link minimum wage with inflation". The Baltimore Sun . Retrieved March 10, 2023 . ^ Gaines, Danielle E.; Kurtz, Josh (March 11, 2023). "Legislative notes: Senate panel waters down minimum wage bill, abortion measures move, cannabis framework passes House". Maryland Matters . Retrieved March 11, 2023 . ^ Elone, Emmanuel (April 11, 2023). "Maryland Law Establishes $15 Minimum Wage Starting in 2024". Bloomberg News . Retrieved April 11, 2023 . ^ Wiggins, Ovetta (January 20, 2023). "Gov. Wes Moore proposes boosting spending on education, transportation". The Washington Post . Retrieved January 20, 2023 . ^ Miller, Larry (November 3, 2022). "Wes Moore's plan to address Maryland voter concerns about economy, taxes and crime". WUSA-TV . Retrieved January 1, 2023 . ^ Sears, Bryan P.; Brown, Danielle J.; Ford, William J.; Kurtz, Josh (January 10, 2024). " 'We're back to governing' ". Maryland Matters . Retrieved January 10, 2024 . ^ Cox, Erin (May 26, 2022). "Surging gas taxes expected to be political weapon in Maryland politics". The Washington Post . Retrieved September 16, 2022 . ^ Gaskill, Hannah (June 29, 2023). "Gov. Wes Moore wants the legislature to address Maryland's automatic gas tax: 'We've got to do better for working families' ". The Baltimore Sun . Retrieved June 29, 2023 . ^ Gaines, Danielle E.; Kurtz, Josh (June 30, 2023). "News roundup: State joins building standards coalition, Republicans press for gas tax reform, plus personnel news". Maryland Matters . Retrieved June 30, 2023 . ^ Gaskill, Hannah; Jansech, Sam (March 20, 2023). "General Assembly bills approach 'crossover day' with some ahead of the game, others hanging in the balance". The Baltimore Sun . Retrieved April 9, 2023 . ^ "Gov. Wes Moore signs several bills into law hours after legislative session ends". WMAR-TV. April 11, 2023 . Retrieved April 11, 2023 . ^ Janesch, Sam (May 12, 2023). "Maryland Gov. Wes Moore to sign bills aimed at helping veterans and their families at military airport". The Baltimore Sun . Retrieved May 12, 2023 . ^ Wade, Christian (June 20, 2023). "Lawmakers consider tax deduction for union dues". The Center Square . Retrieved June 29, 2023 . ^ "Welfare Reform: A New Conversation on Women and Poverty" (PDF) . finance.senate.gov. United States Senate Committee on Finance. September 21, 2010. Archived (PDF) from the original on September 20, 2022 . Retrieved September 18, 2022 . ^ Gaines, Danielle (July 2, 2021). "Judge to Issue Decision Saturday Morning in Cases Challenging End of Expanded Unemployment Programs". Maryland Matters. Archived from the original on July 5, 2022 . Retrieved July 5, 2022 . ^ Thorp, Frank V; Vitali, Ali; Wong, Scott (August 1, 2022). "Veterans have been camping out on the Capitol steps after GOP blocks burn pit bill". NBC News . Retrieved December 14, 2022 . ^ Cox, Erin (October 19, 2022). "Md. governor candidate's pitch to fight poverty: Trust funds for babies". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on October 20, 2022 . Retrieved October 19, 2022 . ^ Wood, Pamela (January 29, 2024). "Gov. Moore pushes plan to invest in high-poverty neighborhoods". The Baltimore Banner . Retrieved April 13, 2024 . ^ Gruskin, Abigail (May 8, 2024). "Maryland's first lady is trying to 'raise amazing human beings' in the limelight". The Baltimore Sun . Retrieved May 8, 2024 . ^ Antrim, Taylor (July 18, 2023). "Wes Moore On Gen Z, Social Media, Winning Over Republicans, and Why "Service Will Save Us" ". Vogue . Retrieved July 23, 2023 . ^ "Dawn Flythe, Westley Moore". New York Times. July 8, 2007. Archived from the original on June 3, 2022 . Retrieved June 2, 2022 . ^ "Being Wes Moore". Baltimorestyle.com. June 17, 2015. Archived from the original on October 20, 2022 . Retrieved June 2, 2022 . ^ Janesch, Sam (July 17, 2023). "Maryland Gov. Wes Moore's Baltimore home sells for $2.5M". The Baltimore Sun . Retrieved July 17, 2023 . ^ Mosbrucker, Kristen (February 22, 2023). "Gov. Wes Moore's Baltimore City home is up for sale with $2.7M price tag". WYPR . Retrieved February 22, 2023 . ^ Pitts, Jonathan (January 16, 2023). "At Gov.-elect Wes Moore's last Baltimore church service before inauguration, hugs of encouragement, prayers of hope". The Baltimore Sun . Retrieved January 27, 2024 . ^ Davidson, Vernon (July 18, 2023). "Jamaica gives me a deep sense of clarity, says Maryland Governor Wes Moore". Jamaica Observer . Retrieved July 23, 2023 . ^ "Official 2022 Gubernatorial Primary Election Results for Governor / Lt. Governor". elections.maryland.gov. Maryland State Board of Elections. July 19, 2022. Archived from the original on July 31, 2022 . Retrieved August 15, 2022 . ^ "Official 2022 Gubernatorial General Election Results for Governor / Lt. Governor". Maryland State Board of Elections . Retrieved December 7, 2022 . Wikimedia Commons has media related to
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    • ''The religion which has introduced civil liberty is the religion of Christ and His apostles, which enjoins humility, piety, and benevolence; which acknowledges in every person a brother, or a sister, and a citizen with equal rights. This is genuine Christianity, and to this we owe our free constitutions of government.'' '' NOAH WEBSTER
  • Harvard Study Shows Long History of White Supremacy in American Textbooks - Matter of Fact with Soledad O'Brien
    • Link to Article
    • Archived Version
    • Wed, 24 Jul 2024 16:47
    •  
    • Despite a national debate over whether critical race theory and ''anti-whiteness'' are being taught in public schools, research from Harvard University's Hutchins Center for African and African American Research found the exact opposite: white supremacy instruction has a long foothold in American schools. Joie Chen travels to Cambridge, Massachusetts, to speak with author and researcher Donald Yacovone about his new book, ''Teaching White Supremacy.''
  • Black Lives Matter Statement on Kamala Harris Securing Enough Delegates to Become Democratic Nominee - Black Lives Matter
  •  

• Clips
  • 43. NAPOLEON HILL INTERVIEW WITH THE DEVIL OUTWITTING THE DEVIL 4.mp3
  • 44. NAPOLEON HILL INTERVIEW WITH THE DEVIL OUTWITTING THE DEVIL 5.mp3
  • 45. NAPOLEON HILL INTERVIEW WITH THE DEVIL OUTWITTING THE DEVIL 6.mp3
  • 02. HARVARD STUDY SHOWS LONG HISTORY OF WHITE SUPREMACY IN AMERICAN TEXTBOOKS 1.mp3
  • 03. HARVARD STUDY SHOWS LONG HISTORY OF WHITE SUPREMACY IN AMERICAN TEXTBOOKS 2.mp3
  • 04. HARVARD STUDY SHOWS LONG HISTORY OF WHITE SUPREMACY IN AMERICAN TEXTBOOKS 3.mp3
  • 04a. TBC38 -The Heritage of Slavery (1968) w Fannie Lou Hamer & Lerone Bennett, Jr. (Massa Speaks) 3.mp3
  • 05. HARVARD STUDY SHOWS LONG HISTORY OF WHITE SUPREMACY IN AMERICAN TEXTBOOKS 4.mp3
  • 06. The Origin Story of White Supremacy in America 1.mp3
  • 07. The Origin Story of White Supremacy in America 2.mp3
  • 08. The Origin Story of White Supremacy in America 3.mp3
  • 09. GERALD HORNE talks about the origins of white supremacy 1.mp3
  • 10. GERALD HORNE talks about the origins of white supremacy 2.mp3
  • 11. GERALD HORNE talks about the origins of white supremacy 3.mp3
  • 11a. Neely Fuller - white is Royal, Black Is not 1.mp3
  • 11b. The Greatest Racists In American History 1.mp3
  • 11c. The Greatest Racists In American History 2.mp3
  • 12. The Origin of Race in the USA 1.mp3
  • 15. The Yankee and Cowboy War Carl Oglesby (1975) 1.mp3
  • 16. The Yankee and Cowboy War Carl Oglesby (1975) 2.mp3
  • 16. The Yankee and Cowboy War Carl Oglesby (1975) 3.mp3
  • 17. The Yankee and Cowboy War Carl Oglesby (1975) 6.mp3
  • 18. The Yankee and Cowboy War Carl Oglesby (1975) 5.mp3
  • 19. What is MFAC explained (DONATION)..mp3
  • 20. 1967 SPECIAL REPORT H.L HUNT 1.mp3
  • 21. 1967 SPECIAL REPORT H.L HUNT 3.mp3
  • 22. Campaign_To_Destroy_King_12 2.mp3
  • 23. Campaign_To_Destroy_King_12 1.mp3
  • 24. The Yankee and Cowboy War Carl Oglesby (1975) 4.mp3
  • 24a. The Yankee and Cowboy War Carl Oglesby (1975) 6.mp3
  • 24b. DARK LEGACY GEORGE H.W. BUSH AND THE MURDER OF JFK - FULL DOCUMENTARY 1.mp3
  • 24c. DARK LEGACY GEORGE H.W. BUSH AND THE MURDER OF JFK - FULL DOCUMENTARY 2.mp3
  • 24d. DARK LEGACY GEORGE H.W. BUSH AND THE MURDER OF JFK - FULL DOCUMENTARY 3.mp3
  • 25. Campaign_To_Destroy_King_12 3.mp3
  • 26. John Curington H.L. Hunt & the Murders of JFK MLK RFK Hoffa 1.mp3
  • 27. John Curington H.L. Hunt & the Murders of JFK MLK RFK Hoffa 2.mp3
  • 27a. Mike Murdock - I love new money! (DONATION SHORT).mp3
  • 28. John Curington H.L. Hunt & the Murders of JFK MLK RFK Hoffa 3.mp3
  • 29. 125,000_Reasons_13 1.mp3
  • 30. 125,000_Reasons_13 2.mp3
  • 32. MALCOLM X, H.L. HUNT & ELIJAH MUHAMMAD 1.mp3
  • 33. Malcolm X Press Conference Exposing NOI & Elijah Muhammad YouTube 1.mp3
  • 34. Farrakhan Explains the White Devil 1.mp3
  • 35. Farrakhan Explains the White Devil 2.mp3
  • 36. Farrakhan Explains the White Devil 3.mp3
  • 37. Generational Supremacists.mp3
  • 38. Toxic civilization.mp3
  • 39. Australians Vote 'CONTROLIGARCHS' the Top NEW 'Word of the Year' for 2023.mp3
  • 40. NAPOLEON HILL INTERVIEW WITH THE DEVIL OUTWITTING THE DEVIL 1.mp3
  • 41. NAPOLEON HILL INTERVIEW WITH THE DEVIL OUTWITTING THE DEVIL 2.mp3
  • 42. NAPOLEON HILL INTERVIEW WITH THE DEVIL OUTWITTING THE DEVIL 3.mp3

• Music in this Episode
  • Intro: [Don't Worry] If There's a Hell Below We're All Going to Go [Backing Track, Take 1 & 2]
  • Outro: Gospel Funky Soul 45 - Gospel Tornadoes - 'Don't let the devil fool you'

• ShowNotes Archive

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