Moe Factz 44 - "Big Bank Barry"

Moe Factz with Adam Curry for July 25th 2020, Episode number 44
"Big Bank Barry"
Description
  Adam and Moe Deconstruct the 44th President of the United States
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Executive Producers:
  The Greene Family
  Ara Derderian
  Brian Martin
  Andrew Weloth
  Justin Coyle
  Brandon Shipley
  Sir Scott Knight of the Knight Surname
Associate Executive Producers:
  Chef Elvis Rosenberg
  Steve Sims
  Dazey of the Left Coast
  JACOB BAUGHMAN SMITH
  Brian Rogers
  Robert Klein
  Derek Sokoloski
  Carl Schneider
  Rollie Hawk
  Vincent Breckley
ShowNotes
  first gay president cover obama - Google Search
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  Bobby Rush - Wikipedia
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    American politician
    Bobby Lee Rush (born November 23, 1946) is an American politician, activist, pastor, and the U.S. Representative for Illinois's 1st congressional district , serving in Congress for more than two decades.
    A civil rights activist during the 1960s, Rush co-founded the Illinois chapter of the Black Panthers.[1]
    Rush was first elected to Congress in 1992 and assumed office in 1993. He has since won consecutive re-elections. His district was originally located principally on the South Side of Chicago, with a population from 2003 to early 2013 that was 65 per cent African-American, a higher proportion than any other congressional district in the nation. In 2011 the Illinois General Assembly redistricted this area following the 2010 census. While still minority-majority, since early 2013 it is 51.3 per cent African American, 9.8 per cent Latino and 2 per cent Asian. He was re-elected in 2018. A member of the Democratic Party, Rush is the only politician to have defeated Barack Obama in an election, which he did in the 2000 Democratic primary for Illinois's 1st congressional district.
    Early life, education, and activism [ edit ] Rush was born on November 23, 1946, in Albany, Georgia. After his parents separated when Rush was 7 years old, his mother took him and his siblings to Chicago, Illinois, joining the Great Migration of African Americans out of the South in the first part of the 20th century. In 1963, Rush dropped out of high school before graduating; he joined the U.S. Army. While stationed in Chicago in 1966, he joined the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee, which had helped obtain national civil rights legislation passed in 1964 and 1965. In 1968, he went AWOL from the Army and co-founded the Illinois chapter of the Black Panthers. He later finished his service, receiving an honorable discharge from the Army.
    Throughout the 1960s, Rush was involved in the civil rights movement and worked in civil disobedience campaigns in the southern United States. After co-founding the Illinois chapter of the Black Panther Party in 1968, he served as its defense minister.[2] After Black Panther Fred Hampton was assassinated by the Chicago Police Department and the State's Attorney Office in a police raid, Rush said, "We needed to arm ourselves", and referred to the police as "pigs".[3] Earlier that same year Rush had discussed the philosophy of his membership in the Black Panthers saying, "Black people have been on the defensive for all these years. The trend now is not to wait to be attacked. We advocate offensive violence against the power structure."[4] After Hampton's death, Rush became acting chairman of the Illinois Black Panther Party.[5]
    Rush worked on several non-violent projects that built support for the Black Panthers in African-American communities, such as coordinating a medical clinic which offered sickle-cell anemia testing on an unprecedented scale.[6] Rush was imprisoned for six months in 1972 on a weapons charge, after carrying a pistol into a police station. In 1974, he left the Black Panthers, who were already in decline. "We started glorifying thuggery and drugs", he told People. Rush, a deeply religious born-again Christian, said, "I don't repudiate any of my involvement in the Panther party'--it was part of my maturing."[7]
    Formal education [ edit ] Rush earned his Bachelor of General Studies with honors from Roosevelt University in 1973, and a Master's degree in political science from University of Illinois at Chicago in 1974. He completed a degree in theological studies at McCormick Theological Seminary in 1978.[8] On May 13, 2017 Rush received an Honorary Doctorate of Humanities, honoris causa, from the Illinois Institute of Technology (IIT) for his outstanding contributions to Chicago.
    Politics [ edit ] Chicago politics [ edit ] In 1974, Rush ran for a seat on the Chicago City Council, the first of several black militants to seek political office, and was defeated. Rush's allies in the black-power movement abandoned the Democrats in the wake of the political turmoil that followed the sudden death in 1987 of Chicago's first black mayor, Harold Washington, and formed their [own political party, naming it after the late mayor. Rush infuriated Harold Washington Party leaders by spurning their candidates for local offices and, on occasion, backing white Democrats instead. Rush worked with the regular Democrats and was rewarded with the deputy chairmanship of the state party.[9]
    In 1999, Rush ran for Mayor of Chicago, but lost to incumbent Richard M. Daley, an ethnic Irish American whose father had long controlled the city as mayor.[10] He remained active in city and regional politics.
    In 2013, Rush criticized a proposal by Republican U.S. Senator Mark Kirk who suggested that 18,000 members of the Chicago gang "Gangster Disciples" be arrested. Rush called Kirk's approach "headline grabbing", and said it was an "upper-middle-class, elitist white boy solution to a problem he knows nothing about". A spokesman for Kirk said the Congressman had dealt with the issues for decades.[11]
    Also in 2013, Alex Clifford was forced to resign as CEO of Metra commuter rail agency, but soon after he left, a memo was released indirectly accusing Rush of using his political power to steer a $50,000 contract to a Washington based business group.[12]
    Endorsements [ edit ] In the 2015 Chicago mayoral election, Rush endorsed Mayor Rahm Emanuel in Emanuel's run-off reelection campaign against Jesus "Chuy" Garcia.[13]
    In the 2019 Chicago mayoral election, Rush endorsed Bill Daley in the first-round,[14] and Toni Preckwinkle in the runoff.[15]
    Though a very close friend to former President Bill Clinton and his wife, politician Hillary Clinton, Rush announced early on in the 2008 Democratic primaries that he would support Barack Obama.[16] After Obama won the Presidency and vacated his Senate seat, Rush proposed that an African American should be appointed to fill that seat.[17] During a press conference, Rush said, "With the resignation of President-elect Obama, we now have no African-Americans in the United States Senate, and we believe it will be a national disgrace to not have this seat filled by one of the many capable African-American Illinois politicians."[18] Rush said he did not support any particular person, and he was not interested in the seat.[17][18] On December 30, 2008, Governor Rod Blagojevich announced his appointment of Roland Burris, the former Attorney General of Illinois; Rush was present at the press conference and spoke in support of Burris.[19]
    Rush endorsed Kamala Harris in the 2020 Democratic Presidential primary. After she dropped out, he endorsed Michael Bloomberg and became his campaign's national co-chair.[20]
    U.S. House of Representatives [ edit ] Elections [ edit ] After redistricting in 1992, Rush decided to run in the newly redrawn Illinois' 1st congressional district, which included much of the South Side of Chicago. The district had a high proportion of African-American residents. Rush defeated incumbent U.S. Congressman Charles Hayes and six other candidates in the Democratic primary election in 1992.[21] He won the general election with 83% of the vote.[22] In the 2000 Democratic primary for the Illinois' 1st congressional district, Rush was challenged by young Illinois State Senator Barack Obama.[23] During the primary, Rush said, "Barack Obama went to Harvard and became an educated fool. Barack is a person who read about the civil rights protests and thinks he knows all about it."[24]
    Rush claimed Obama was insufficiently rooted in Chicago's black neighborhoods to represent constituents' concerns.[25] For his part, Obama said Rush was a part of "a politics that is rooted in the past" and said he could build bridges with whites to get things done. But while Obama did well in his own Hyde Park base, he did not get enough support from the surrounding black neighborhoods.[26] Starting with 10% name recognition, Obama eventually gained 30% of the vote, losing by a more than 2-to-1 margin despite winning among white voters. Rush won 61% of the votes overall.[27][28][29][30][31] Rush won the general election for the district with 88% of the vote.[32]
    Tenure [ edit ] Rush has been considered a loyal Democrat during his tenure; in the 110th Congress, he voted with his party 97.8% of the time.[33] Rush is a member of the Congressional Black Caucus[34] and the House Baltic Caucus.[35]
    Issues [ edit ] FiscalRush initiated the Chicago Partnership for the Earned Income Tax Credit, an ongoing program designed to help low-income working Chicago resident to receive the Earned Income Tax Credit, a federal income tax credits.[36]
    HealthcareRush sponsored the Nursing Relief for Disadvantaged Areas Act passed in 1999. The law temporarily addressed the nursing shortage by providing non-immigrant visas for qualified foreign nurses in the Englewood neighborhood of Chicago and was reauthorized in 2005.[37] Rush sponsored the Melanie Blocker-Stokes Postpartum Depression Research and Care Act, named for Melanie Blocker-Stokes, a Chicago native who jumped to her death from a 12th-story window due to postpartum depression. The bill would provide for research on postpartum depression and psychosis and services for individuals suffering from these disorders.[38] The Children's Health Act, passed in 2000, incorporated Rush's Urban Asthma Reduction Act of 1999, amending the Preventive Health and Health Services Block Grant program and including an integrated approach to asthma management.[39]
    EnergyRush was very outspoken against the GOP's "No More Solyndras" Bill, which would override a loan guarantee by the Energy Department to encourage research and development. The Energy Department provided a federal loan guarantee to the solar manufacturing company Solyndra to help with R&D.[40] He said the "No More Solyndras Bill" would be better named as the "No More Innovation Bill".[41]
    FirearmsRush introduced the "Blair Holt's Firearm Licensing and Record of Sale Act of 2009" on January 6, 2009. The bill would require all owners of handguns and semiautomatic firearms to register for a federal firearms license. All sales of the subject firearms would have to go through a licensed dealer. It would also make it a criminal act not to register as an owner of a firearm.[42]
    Darfur genocideOn July 15, 2004, Rush became the second sitting member of Congress, following Charles Rangel and preceding Joe Hoeffel, to be arrested for trespassing while protesting the genocide in Darfur and other violations of human rights in Sudan in front of the Sudanese Embassy.[43][44]
    Armed forcesOn February 13, 2007, Rush opposed President George W. Bush's proposed 20,000-serviceman troop surge in Iraq. He said the presence of the troops in Iraq was the greatest catalyst of violence in Iraq, and advocated a political resolution of the situation. Rush stated that the troop surge would only serve to make the Iraqi situation more volatile.[45]
    Trayvon MartinOn March 28, 2012, Rush addressed the House while wearing a hoodie in honor of Trayvon Martin, a teenager who was shot in Florida by a local resident. He spoke against racial profiling.[46] As the House forbids its members from wearing headgear, Rush was called out of order and escorted from the chamber.[47]
    IsraelOn September 5, 2017, Rush became the sole co-sponsor of H.R. 1697 to withdraw his support of the bill, which would require the United States to side with Israel against a United Nations resolution sanctioning Israel for human rights abuses.[48]
    In July 2019, Rush voted against H. Res. 246 - 116th Congress, a House resolution introduced by Congressman Brad Schneider (D-IL) opposing efforts to boycott the State of Israel and the Global Boycott, Divestment, and Sanctions Movement targeting Israel. The resolution passed 398-17.[49]
    Committee assignments [ edit ] In the 115th United States Congress (January 3, 2017, to January 3, 2019):
    Committee on Energy and CommerceSubcommittee on Communications and TechnologySubcommittee on Energy (Chairman)Caucus memberships [ edit ] Afterschool Caucuses[50]Missed votes [ edit ] Rush's career average missed vote percentage is 15.7, which is extremely high compared to the median missed vote percentage of 2.2 for members of the U.S. House of Representatives.[51] However, most of his absences were between 2014 and 2016 and he asserts that serious health problems kept him from D.C. In the first session of the 114th session of Congress (January 2015 to December 2015), Rush missed 15.6% of the votes and ranked #12 in most missed votes.[52] Rush had the distinction of missing more votes than any other member of the House of Representatives between 2007 and 2015: out of 6,906 votes, Rush missed 1,549 or 22.4%. Health issues for Rush and his wife were his main explanations for his high number of missed votes.[53][54]
    Ethics concerns and conflicts of interest [ edit ] The Office of Congressional Ethics referred a matter involving Rush to the House Ethics Committee in 2014.[55] The Office of Congressional Ethics report found he did not pay about $365,000 in rent for longtime use of an office to conduct politics.[56][57]Rush has paid family members for years in questionable practices. Rush had a family member who for years worked for his church but was paid by a campaign supporter and friend.[58] The Federal Election Commission questioned Rush's campaign over a campaign-finance report that showed thousands of dollars spent on vague categories such as "campaign visibility" and "services rendered." His campaign paid his wife, Carolyn, $50,000 in 2015 for consulting, and his brother, Marlon Rush of Lansing, $13,000 in 2016 for two months' work as campaign manager, according to FEC reports.[59][60] Oxford Media Group Inc., an Oak Brook company owned by multimillionaire businessman Joseph Stroud, paid the Commonwealth Edison bill '-- which was well past due, totaling $17,900 for Rush's Beloved Community Christian Church in 2010. Rush had personally been named in a ComEd lawsuit over the church's previous unpaid bills. Stroud was trying to break into the wireless phone industry dominated by Verizon and AT&T, and Rush was pushing for federal tax incentives that would give one of Stroud's other companies a leg up as a minority-owned business. A nonprofit Rush started got $1 million from the charitable arm of what's now AT&T for what turned out to be a failed effort to create a "technology center" in Englewood. At the time, the telecom giant was seeking support for legislation in a House committee on which Rush was a key member.[61]
    From 2001 to 2013, businesses counting on favorable actions by Rush in Congress donated roughly $1.7 million to Rush's pet charities. Rush attracted more charitable corporate giving than any other Illinois congressman, by a large margin, according to a Sunlight Foundation study of expenditures from 2009 to 2011. While it is impossible to assign cause and effect, at critical junctures Rush parted with fellow liberal Democrats in Congress to take pro-industry positions aligned with corporate benefactors SBC/AT&T, Comcast and ComEd.[62]
    Electoral history [ edit ] Illinois 1st Congressional District General Election, 1992[63]PartyCandidateVotes%Democratic Bobby L. Rush 209,258 82.81 RepublicanJay Walker43,45317.19Total votes252,711100.0Illinois 1st Congressional District General Election, 1994[64]PartyCandidateVotes%Democratic Bobby L. Rush (incumbent) 112,474 75.73 RepublicanWilliam J. Kelly36,03824.27Total votes148,512100.0Illinois 1st Congressional District General Election, 1996[65]PartyCandidateVotes%Democratic Bobby L. Rush (incumbent) 174,005 85.67 RepublicanNoel Naughton25,65912.63LibertarianTim M. Griffin3,4491.70Total votes203,113100.0Illinois 1st Congressional District Democratic Primary, 1998[66]PartyCandidateVotes%Democratic Bobby L. Rush (incumbent) 85,696 88.82 DemocraticCaleb A. Davis, Jr.10,78511.18Total votes96,481100.0Illinois 1st Congressional District General Election, 1998[67]PartyCandidateVotes%Democratic Bobby L. Rush (incumbent) 151,890 87.11 RepublicanMarlene White Ahimaz18,42910.57LibertarianMarjorie Kohls4,0462.32Total votes174,365100.0Illinois 1st Congressional District General Election, 2000[69]PartyCandidateVotes%Democratic Bobby L. Rush (incumbent) 172,271 87.81 RepublicanRaymond G. Wardingley23,91512.19Total votes196,186100.0Illinois 1st Congressional District General Election, 2002[70]PartyCandidateVotes%Democratic Bobby L. Rush (incumbent) 149,068 81.17 RepublicanRaymond G. Wardingley29,77616.21LibertarianDorothy G. Tsatsos4,8122.62Total votes183,656100.0Illinois 1st Congressional District General Election, 2004[71]PartyCandidateVotes%Democratic Bobby L. Rush (incumbent) 212,109 84.86 RepublicanRaymond G. Wardingley37,84015.14Total votes249,949100.0Illinois 1st Congressional District Democratic Primary, 2006[72]PartyCandidateVotes%Democratic Bobby L. Rush (incumbent) 81,593 81.58 DemocraticPhillip Jackson18,42718.42Total votes100,020100.0Illinois 1st Congressional District General Election, 2006[73]PartyCandidateVotes%Democratic Bobby L. Rush (incumbent) 146,623 84.06 RepublicanJason E. Tabour27,80415.94Total votes174,427100.0Illinois 1st Congressional District Democratic Primary, 2008[74]PartyCandidateVotes%Democratic Bobby L. Rush (incumbent) 134,343 87.45 DemocraticWilliam Walls, III19,27212.55Total votes153,615100.0Illinois 1st Congressional District General Election, 2008[75]PartyCandidateVotes%Democratic Bobby L. Rush (incumbent) 233,036 85.87 RepublicanAntoine Members38,36114.13Total votes271,397100.0Illinois 1st Congressional District Democratic Primary, 2010[76]PartyCandidateVotes%Democratic Bobby L. Rush (incumbent) 68,585 79.70 DemocraticJoAnne Guillemette8,0359.34DemocraticFred Smith5,2036.05DemocraticHarold L. Bailey4,2324.92Total votes86,055100.0Illinois 1st Congressional District General Election, 2010[77]PartyCandidateVotes%Democratic Bobby L. Rush (incumbent) 148,170 80.36 RepublicanRaymond G. Wardingley29,25315.87GreenJeff Adams6,9633.78Total votes184,386100.0Illinois 1st Congressional District General Election, 2012[79]PartyCandidateVotes%Democratic Bobby L. Rush (incumbent) 236,854 73.82 RepublicanDonald E. Peloquin83,98926.18Write-in votesJohn Hawkins10.00Total votes320,844100.0Illinois 1st Congressional District General Election, 2014[80]PartyCandidateVotes%Democratic Bobby L. Rush (incumbent) 162,268 73.09 RepublicanJimmy Lee Tillman59,74926.91Total votes222,017100.0Illinois 1st Congressional District Democratic Primary, 2016[81]PartyCandidateVotes%Democratic Bobby L. Rush (incumbent) 128,402 71.44 DemocraticHoward B. Brookins, Jr.34,64519.27DemocraticO. Patrick Brutus16,6969.29Total votes179,743100.0Illinois 1st Congressional District General Election, 2016[82]PartyCandidateVotes%Democratic Bobby L. Rush (incumbent) 234,037 74.09 RepublicanAugust (O'Neill) Deuser81,81725.90Write-in votesTabitha Carson80.00Total votes315,862100.0Illinois 1st Congressional District General Election, 2018[83]PartyCandidateVotes%Democratic Bobby L. Rush (incumbent) 189,560 73.51 RepublicanJimmy Lee Tillman, II50,96019.76IndependentThomas Rudbeck17,3656.73Total votes257,885100.0 [ edit ] Rush is pastor of the Beloved Community Christian Church in the Englewood neighborhood of Chicago. Leaders of other Englewood non-profit organizations complained that the church's programs '-- a community development corporation Rebirth of Englewood, a public health center, and a group serving teens convicted of crimes '-- received an inordinate amount of government aid and weighed heavily on their own efforts for renewal.[84]
    Unpaid taxes and wage garnishment [ edit ] In 2013, Rush and his wife, the Beloved Community Christian Church of which Rush is pastor, and another nonprofit organization operating out of the church had tax delinquencies that added up to $195,000, and the pattern of tax delinquency was a decade old. Unpaid taxes included property taxes, income taxes, and employee withholding taxes.[85] New City Bank sued Rush and his wife for $500,000, claiming they failed to pay their property taxes in 2009.[86][87] In 1994, Rush owed the Internal Revenue Service $55,000 in federal income taxes, according to Cook County records.[88]
    Beginning in 2018, 15 percent of Rush's congressional salary is being garnished to repay more than $1 million he owes on a delinquent loan for the now-closed church he founded in Chicago. Cook County Circuit Judge Alexander White ordered Rush to repay the $550,000 loan that New City Bank granted him and seven other co-signers in 2005. With the money, Rush bought the former Our Redeemer Lutheran Church in Chicago's Englewood neighborhood and restyled it as the Beloved Community Church of God in Christ.[89]
    Personal life [ edit ] Rush has been married three times.[90][91] His first marriage, when he was 19 years old, was to Sandra Milan, until their divorce in 1973.[90] They had two children together.[90] He later married community organizer, precinct captain, and political strategist Carolyn Thomas from 1980 or 1981 until her death from congestive heart failure on March 13, 2017.[92][93] Their blended family had seven surviving children at the time of her death.[93] On June 30, 2018 he married his third wife, minister and author Paulette Holloway.[91]
    Rush's son, Huey Rich, was murdered on the South Side of Chicago at age 29, in November 1999.[94][95][96] He was named after Black Panther co-founder Huey P. Newton. Rich's mother was Saundra Rich, who Rush never married.[95] On October 18, 1999, Rich was approached outside his apartment building by Leo Foster and Darcell Prince, who falsely claimed to be police officers.[97] They wore bulletproof vests, and carried walkie-talkies, guns, and badges, but Rich didn't believe them and ran.[95][97] Foster and Prince chased and shot Rich, then stole several hundred dollars and keys from his pockets.[97] He died in hospital four days later from extensive blood loss.[98] Foster told police that he and Prince were coming to collect $110,000 worth of cocaine that Rich had been paid to procure but hadn't delivered.[94][97] Rich's friends didn't believe Foster's story, with some suggesting it may have been a case of mistaken identity.[94] Rush said Rich "was involved in positive'--as far as I know'--endeavors", adding "as parents, we don't always know".[94] Foster was sentenced to 60 years in prison for Rich's murder, and Prince was sentenced to 50 years.[99] The murder prompted Rush to prioritize efforts to reduce gun violence.[95]
    In 2008, Rush had a rare type of malignant tumor removed from his salivary gland.[100] Rush is a member of Iota Phi Theta.[101] According to a DNA analysis conducted under the auspices of the TV program, Know Your Heritage, he is descended mainly from the Ashanti people of Ghana.[102] Rush attributed his election to congress to Tony Robbins.[90] His heroes include Abraham Lincoln, Kit Carson, and Huey P. Newton.[90]
    In 2018, Rush's son Flynn Rush unsuccessfully ran for a seat in the Illinois House of Representatives, losing in the Democratic primary to Curtis Tarver.[103][104]
    See also [ edit ] List of African-American United States RepresentativesReferences [ edit ] ^ "Rep. Bobby Rush to Revisit Black Panther History This Week". NBC Chicago. ^ "Bobby L. Rush". The Wall Street Journal. ^ Yussuf J. Simmonds (January 5, 2012). "Bobby Rush '' LA Sentinel". Los Angeles Sentinel . Retrieved December 20, 2012 . ^ Kevin Klose (August 11, 1984). "A Black Panther on Little Cat Feet; Bobby Rush Drops the Clenched Fist". The Washington Post. ^ Koziol, Ronald (December 11, 1969). "Bobby Rush Acting Chief of Panthers: Succeeds Slain Leader Hampton". Chicago Tribune . Retrieved July 28, 2017 . ^ "The Washington Times report on Rush's sickle-cell anemia program". Washington Times. Archived from the original on February 21, 2009 . Retrieved November 23, 2016 . ^ Almanac of American Politics . National Journal Group. ^ "RUSH, Bobby L. - Biographical Information". Bioguide.congress.gov . Retrieved February 23, 2017 . ^ Secter, Bob (April 17, 1992). "Column One : From Scout to Panther to Politico : Bobby Rush, onetime head of the Illinois Black Panthers, is likely to be the first '60s radical leader to end up in Congress. As an Establishment figure, his loyalties are questioned". Los Angeles Times . Retrieved July 28, 2017 . ^ Lizza, Ryan (July 21, 2008). "Making It: How Chicago Shaped Obama". The New Yorker. ^ June, Daniel, "Bobby Rush Condemns Mark Kirk's Mass Gang Arrest Plan as 'Elitist White Boy Solution'", jdjournal.com, May 30, 2013. ^ "Rep. Bobby Rush Denies Allegations Made By Former Metra CEO Alex Clifford". CBS Chicago. August 6, 2013 . Retrieved November 9, 2018 . ^ Bosman, Julie, "Struggles to Unite Latinos and Blacks", The New York Times, April 3, 2015. ^ Bowean, Lolly. "U.S. Rep. Bobby Rush backs Bill Daley for Chicago mayor". chicagotribune.com . Retrieved February 26, 2019 . ^ "Chance the Rapper backs Preckwinkle at rally, Mendoza endorses Lightfoot". WGN-TV. March 23, 2019 . Retrieved March 24, 2019 . ^ Fornek, Scott (January 27, 2008). "Clinton pal Bobby Rush: I'm supporting Obama". Chicago Sun-Times. Archived from the original on February 21, 2009 . Retrieved January 2, 2009 . ^ a b Flournoy, Tasha (December 2, 2008). "Rush Petitions For African-American To Replace Obama in the Senate". Chicago Public Radio. [permanent dead link ] ^ a b "Cong. Bobby Rush urges governor to choose Black Senate replacement". Chicago Defender. December 3, 2008. Archived from the original on July 8, 2011 . Retrieved December 3, 2008 . ^ "Blagojevich names Obama successor despite warnings". CNN.com. December 30, 2008 . Retrieved December 30, 2008 . ^ Budryk, Zack (January 21, 2020). "Rep. Bobby Rush endorses Bloomberg's White House bid". The Hill . Retrieved February 3, 2020 . ^ "IL '' District 01 '' D Primary Race". Our Campaigns. March 17, 1992 . Retrieved December 30, 2011 . ^ "IL DIstrict 1 Race". Our Campaigns. November 3, 1992 . Retrieved December 30, 2011 . ^ U.S. House of Representatives Election Results 2000 ^ Remnick, David (November 17, 2008). "The Joshua Generation: Race and the Campaign of Barack Obama". New Yorker. ^ Kleine, Ted (March 17, 2000). "Is Bobby Rush in trouble?". Chicago Reader . Retrieved July 26, 2008 . ^ Becker, Jo; Christopher Drew (May 11, 2008). "Pragmatic Politics, Forged on the South Side". The New York Times. p. A1 . Retrieved July 28, 2008 . ^ Federal Election Commission, 2000 U.S. House of Representatives Results ^ Gonyea, Don (September 19, 2007). "Obama's loss may have aided White House bid". Morning Edition. NPR . Retrieved April 22, 2008 . ^ Scott, Janny (September 9, 2007). "A streetwise veteran schooled young Obama". The New York Times. p. A1 . Retrieved April 20, 2008 . ^ McClelland, Edward (February 12, 2007). "How Obama learned to be a natural". Salon.com . Retrieved April 20, 2008 . ^ "IL District 1 '' D Primary Race". Our Campaigns. March 21, 2000 . Retrieved December 30, 2011 . ^ "IL District 1 Race". Our Campaigns. November 7, 2000 . Retrieved December 30, 2011 . ^ Tsukayama, Hayley. "Who Runs Gov Bobby Rush Profile". The Washington Post . Retrieved June 28, 2012 . ^ "Membership". Congressional Black Caucus . Retrieved March 7, 2018 . ^ "Members". House Baltic Caucus . Retrieved February 21, 2018 . ^ Rush, Bobby (October 18, 1995). "Voice of the People (Letter): Rep. Rush's Record Speaks For Itself". Chicago Tribune . Retrieved March 25, 2017 . ^ "H.R.441". Congress.gov . Retrieved March 13, 2017 . ^ "H.R.20". Congress.gov . Retrieved March 13, 2017 . ^ Barber, John T. (2006). The Black Digital Elite: African American Leaders of the Information Revolution. Praeger. p. 50. ISBN 0-275-98504-0. ^ Andrew Restuccia (July 25, 2012). "GOP on House panel OKs 'no more Solyndras' bill". Politico . Retrieved August 16, 2012 . ^ "Rep. Bobby Rush: GOP's "No More Solyndras Bill" should be called "No More Innovation Bill " ". Washington Examiner. July 25, 2012 . Retrieved August 16, 2012 . ^ "H.R. 45: Blair Holt's Firearm Licensing and Record of Sale Act of 2009". GovTrack.us . Retrieved August 23, 2010 . ^ "U.S. lawmaker arrested at Sudanese embassy in Washington". Sudan Tribune. Associated Press. July 15, 2004. ^ "U.S. Rep. Bobby Rush Arrested at Sudanese Embassy" (Press release). Office of Congressman Bobby Rush. July 15, 2004. ^ "Retrieve Pages". Frwebgate.access.gpo.gov . Retrieved August 23, 2010 . ^ "Congressman Bobby Rush wears hoodie on House floor". BBC News. March 28, 2012. ^ Madison, Lucy (March 28, 2012). "Dem Rep. Bobby Rush escorted from House floor for wearing hoodie in honor of Trayvon Martin". CBS News. ^ Peter, Roskam (June 28, 2018). "Cosponsors - H.R.1697 - 115th Congress (2017-2018): Israel Anti-Boycott Act". www.congress.gov . Retrieved August 13, 2018 . ^ Schneider, Bradley Scott (July 23, 2019). "H.Res.246 - 116th Congress (2019-2020): Opposing efforts to delegitimize the State of Israel and the Global Boycott, Divestment, and Sanctions Movement targeting Israel". www.congress.gov . Retrieved July 24, 2019 . ^ "Members". Afterschool Alliance . Retrieved April 17, 2018 . ^ Boyce, Tessa (January 25, 2016). "Members of Congress Who Miss the Most Votes". InsideGov.com. Archived from the original on March 19, 2017 . Retrieved March 22, 2017 . ^ Boyce, Tessa. "Members of Congress Who Miss the Most Votes: #12: Bobby Rush". InsideGov.com (January 25, 2016). Archived from the original on March 19, 2017 . Retrieved March 22, 2017 . ^ Willis, Derek (November 10, 2015). "Personal Explanations: When Members of Congress Miss Votes, and Why". ProPublica . Retrieved February 28, 2017 . ^ Connolly, Colleen (November 11, 2015). "Study: Illinois Reps. Bobby Rush, Luis Gutierrez Miss Most Votes in House". NBC Chicago . Retrieved February 28, 2017 . ^ Skiba, Katherine (July 25, 2014). "House Ethics Committee continuing Rush investigation". Chicago Tribune . Retrieved February 26, 2017 . ^ Skiba, Katherine (November 10, 2014). "Report spells out alleged ethics misconduct by Rep. Rush". Chicago Tribune . Retrieved February 26, 2017 . ^ Hess, Hannah (November 10, 2014). "In Bobby Rush Case, Was the Rent Too Darn Low?". RollCall.com . Retrieved March 24, 2017 . ^ Neubauer, Chuck (September 12, 2015). "THE WATCHDOGS: Campaign donor paid salary of Rep. Bobby Rush's niece". Chicago Sun-Times . Retrieved February 25, 2017 . ^ Skiba, Katherine. "Federal Election Commission questions Rep. Bobby Rush's campaign spending". Chicago Tribune . Retrieved February 25, 2017 . ^ Schoffstall, Joe (July 8, 2016). "Rep. Bobby Rush Paid Wife $550K From Campaign Funds, Kicked $190K to Church He Founded". The Washington Free Beacon . Retrieved February 25, 2017 . ^ Neubauer, Chuck (June 24, 2016). "Exec seeking federal help paid $17,900 bill for Rep. Bobby Rush's church". Chicago Sun-Times . Retrieved March 24, 2017 . ^ Bergo, Sandy (December 12, 2013). "The Utility Man". Better Government Association . Retrieved January 22, 2020 . ^ "Election Statistics, 1920 to Present". History, Art & Archives, U.S. House of Representatives. p. 22 . Retrieved October 22, 2019 . ^ "Election Statistics, 1920 to Present". History, Art & Archives, U.S. House of Representatives. p. 12 . Retrieved October 22, 2019 . ^ "Election Statistics, 1920 to Present". History, Art & Archives, U.S. House of Representatives. p. 21 . Retrieved October 22, 2019 . ^ "Election Results 1998 GENERAL PRIMARY". Illinois State Board of Elections . Retrieved October 22, 2019 . [permanent dead link ] ^ "Election Results 1998 GENERAL ELECTION". Illinois State Board of Elections . Retrieved October 22, 2019 . [permanent dead link ] ^ "Election Results 2000 GENERAL PRIMARY". Illinois State Board of Elections . Retrieved October 22, 2019 . ^ "Election Results 2000 GENERAL ELECTION". Illinois State Board of Elections . Retrieved October 22, 2019 . [permanent dead link ] ^ "Election Results 2002 GENERAL ELECTION". Illinois State Board of Elections . Retrieved October 22, 2019 . [permanent dead link ] ^ "Election Results 2004 GENERAL ELECTION". Illinois State Board of Elections . Retrieved October 22, 2019 . [permanent dead link ] ^ "Election Results 2006 GENERAL PRIMARY". Illinois State Board of Elections . Retrieved October 22, 2019 . [permanent dead link ] ^ "Election Results 2006 GENERAL ELECTION". Illinois State Board of Elections . Retrieved October 22, 2019 . [permanent dead link ] ^ "Election Results 2008 GENERAL ELECTION". Illinois State Board of Elections . Retrieved October 22, 2019 . [permanent dead link ] ^ "Election Results 2008 GENERAL ELECTION". Illinois State Board of Elections . Retrieved October 22, 2019 . [permanent dead link ] ^ "Election Results 2010 GENERAL PRIMARY". Illinois State Board of Elections . Retrieved October 22, 2019 . [permanent dead link ] ^ "Election Results 2010 GENERAL ELECTION". Illinois State Board of Elections . Retrieved October 24, 2019 . [permanent dead link ] ^ "Election Results 2012 GENERAL PRIMARY". Illinois State Board of Elections . Retrieved October 22, 2019 . [permanent dead link ] ^ "Election Results 2012 GENERAL ELECTION". Illinois State Board of Elections . Retrieved October 22, 2019 . [permanent dead link ] ^ "Election Results 2014 GENERAL ELECTION". Illinois State Board of Elections . Retrieved October 22, 2019 . [permanent dead link ] ^ "Election Results 2016 GENERAL PRIMARY". Illinois State Board of Elections . Retrieved October 22, 2019 . [permanent dead link ] ^ "Election Results 2016 GENERAL ELECTION". Illinois State Board of Elections . Retrieved October 22, 2019 . [permanent dead link ] ^ "Election Results 2018 GENERAL ELECTION". Illinois State Board of Elections . Retrieved October 22, 2019 . [permanent dead link ] ^ Olivo, Antonio (January 1, 2006). "Pastor Rush stirs hope, skeptics in Englewood: Bold vision for area's rebirth draws questions". Chicago Tribune . Retrieved March 2, 2017 . ^ Neubauer, Chuck (December 14, 2013). "No Rush to Payment". Better Government Association . Retrieved March 1, 2017 . ^ Roe, David (November 4, 2010). "Bank Sues Cong. Rush, Claims Unpaid Property Tax". WBBM CBS Chicago . Retrieved March 1, 2017 . ^ Yue, Lorene (November 4, 2010). "Rep. Bobby Rush sued by bank over home mortgages". Crain's Chicago Business . Retrieved March 1, 2017 . ^ Gibson, Ray (June 17, 1994). "Rush Owes Back Taxes To The IRS". Chicago Tribune . Retrieved March 1, 2017 . ^ Connolly, Griffin (March 15, 2018). "Rep. Bobby Rush Faces Wage Garnishment on $1 Million Debt". Roll Call . Retrieved October 20, 2018 . ^ a b c d e McRoberts, Flynn; Cohen, Laurie (February 16, 1999). "Challenger sees self as man of the people". Chicago Tribune. Archived from the original on September 28, 2018 . Retrieved September 28, 2018 . ^ a b Ihejirika, Maudlyne (July 5, 2018). "Congressman Bobby Rush remarries". Chicago Sun-Times. Archived from the original on July 12, 2018 . Retrieved September 28, 2018 . ^ Skiba, Katherine (March 13, 2017). "Carolyn Rush, wife of U.S. Rep. Bobby Rush, dies at 67". Chicago Tribune. Archived from the original on November 17, 2017 . Retrieved September 28, 2018 . ^ a b "Rush announces the passing of his wife Carolyn Rush, 67". United States House of Representatives. Congressman Bobby L. Rush. March 13, 2017. Archived from the original on September 22, 2018 . Retrieved September 28, 2018 . ^ a b c d McCormick, John (November 28, 1999). "A father's anguished journey". Newsweek. Archived from the original on February 15, 2018 . Retrieved September 28, 2018 . ^ a b c d Loven, Jennifer (December 19, 1999). "Son's slaying transforms congressman's priorities". Los Angeles Times. Associated Press. Archived from the original on September 28, 2018 . Retrieved September 28, 2018 . ^ Wilson, Terry; Hill, James (October 26, 1999). "Suspect charged in slaying of Rush's son". Chicago Tribune. Archived from the original on February 15, 2018 . Retrieved September 28, 2018 . ^ a b c d Madhani, Aamer (March 15, 2002). "2 Found guilty of murdering Rush's son". Chicago Tribune. Archived from the original on September 28, 2018 . Retrieved September 28, 2018 . ^ Wilson, Terry; Madhani, Aamer (October 24, 1999). "Rush's son dies; police question man in shooting". Chicago Tribune. Archived from the original on September 28, 2018 . Retrieved September 28, 2018 . ^ "Man convicted of killing Rush's son sentenced". The Times of Northwest Indiana (NWI). Associated Press. July 27, 2002. Archived from the original on September 28, 2018 . Retrieved September 28, 2018 . ^ "Chicago News". Abclocal.go.com. August 4, 2008. Archived from the original on June 4, 2011 . Retrieved August 23, 2010 . ^ "Notable Iota men". Iota Phi Theta. Archived from the original on February 13, 2015 . Retrieved August 23, 2010 . ^ "Bobby Rush ancestry reveal", Know Your Ancestry, February 6, 2012, The Africa Channel on YouTube ^ Janssen, Kim (March 14, 2018). "Carol Moseley Braun, Arroyos upset that Bobby Rush's son Flynn claimed their endorsement". chicagotribune.com. Chicago Tribune . Retrieved June 15, 2020 . ^ "Flynn Rush". Ballotpedia . Retrieved June 15, 2020 . External links [ edit ] Wikimedia Commons has media related to Bobby Rush .Congressman Bobby Rush official U.S. House websiteBobby Rush at CurlieBiography at the Biographical Directory of the United States CongressProfile at Vote SmartFinancial information (federal office) at the Federal Election CommissionLegislation sponsored at the Library of CongressAppearances on C-SPAN
  John Edwards - Wikipedia
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    Sat, 25 Jul 2020 21:20
    American politician
    Johnny Reid "John" Edwards[1] (born June 10, 1953) is an American lawyer and former politician who served as a U.S. senator from North Carolina. He was the Democratic nominee for Vice President in 2004, and was a candidate for the Democratic presidential nomination in 2004 and 2008.
    Edwards defeated incumbent Republican Lauch Faircloth in North Carolina's 1998 Senate election. Towards the end of his six-year term, he opted to retire from the Senate and focus on a Democratic campaign in the 2004 presidential election. He eventually became the 2004 Democratic candidate for vice president, the running mate of presidential nominee Senator John Kerry of Massachusetts.
    Following Kerry's loss to incumbent President George W. Bush, Edwards began working full-time at the One America Committee, a political action committee he established in 2001, and was appointed director of the Center on Poverty, Work and Opportunity at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Law. He was also a consultant for Fortress Investment Group LLC.
    Following his 2008 campaign, Edwards was indicted by a federal grand jury on June 3, 2011 on six felony charges of violating multiple federal campaign contribution laws to cover up an extramarital affair to which he eventually admitted. Edwards was found not guilty on one count, and the judge declared a mistrial on the remaining five charges, as the jury was unable to come to an agreement.[2] The Justice Department dropped the remaining charges and did not attempt to retry Edwards.[3] Edwards was not convicted of a crime, but the revelation that he engaged in an extramarital affair and fathered a child while his wife, Elizabeth, was dying of cancer gravely damaged his public image and ended his career in politics.
    Early life and education Edwards and his parents stand in front of his childhood home
    Edwards was born June 10, 1953, to Wallace Reid Edwards and Catharine Juanita "Bobbie" Edwards (n(C)e Wade) in Seneca, South Carolina. The family moved several times during Edwards' childhood, eventually settling in Robbins, North Carolina, where his father worked as a textile mill floor worker and was eventually promoted to supervisor. His mother had a roadside antique-finishing business and then worked as a letter carrier when his father left his job.[4] The family attended a Baptist church.[5]
    A football star in high school,[6] Edwards was the first person in his family to attend college. He attended Clemson University and transferred to North Carolina State University. Edwards graduated with high honors, earning a bachelor's degree in textile technology in 1974, and later earned his Juris Doctor from the University of North Carolina School of Law (UNC) with honors.
    Legal career After law school, Edwards clerked for federal judge Franklin Dupree in North Carolina, and in 1978 became an associate at the Nashville law firm of Dearborn & Ewing, doing primarily trial work, defending a Nashville bank and other corporate clients.[7][8] Lamar Alexander, a Republican and future governor of and U.S. Senator from Tennessee, was among Edwards's co-workers.[9] The Edwards family returned to North Carolina in 1981, settling in the capital of Raleigh where he joined the firm of Tharrington, Smith & Hargrove.[8][9]
    In 1984, Edwards was assigned to a medical malpractice lawsuit that had been perceived to be unwinnable; the firm had accepted it only as a favor to an attorney and state senator who did not want to keep it. Nevertheless, Edwards won a $3.7 million verdict on behalf of his client, who had suffered permanent brain and nerve damage after a doctor prescribed an overdose of the anti-alcoholism drug Antabuse during alcohol aversion therapy.[10] In other cases, Edwards sued the American Red Cross three times, alleging transmission of AIDS through tainted blood products, resulting in a confidential settlement each time, and defended a North Carolina newspaper against a libel charge.[8]
    In 1985, Edwards represented a five-year-old child born with cerebral palsy '' a child whose mother's doctor did not choose to perform an immediate Caesarean delivery when a fetal monitor showed she was in distress. Edwards won a $6.5 million verdict for his client, but five weeks later, the presiding judge sustained the verdict, but overturned the award on grounds that it was "excessive" and that it appeared "to have been given under the influence of passion and prejudice," adding that in his opinion "the evidence was insufficient to support the verdict."[8] He offered the plaintiffs $3.25 million, half of the jury's award, but the child's family appealed the case and received $4.25 million in a settlement.[8] Winning this case established the North Carolina precedent of physician and hospital liability for failing to determine if the patient understood the risks of a particular procedure.[10]
    After this trial, Edwards gained national attention as a plaintiff's lawyer. He filed at least twenty similar lawsuits in the years following and achieved verdicts and settlements of more than $60 million for his clients. Similar lawsuits followed across the country. When asked about an increase in Caesarean deliveries nationwide, perhaps to avoid similar medical malpractice lawsuits, Edwards said, "The question is, would you rather have cases where that happens instead of having cases where you don't intervene and a child either becomes disabled for life or dies in utero?"[8]
    In 1993, Edwards began his own firm in Raleigh (now named Kirby & Holt) with a friend, David Kirby. He became known as the top plaintiffs' attorney in North Carolina.[8] The biggest case of his legal career was a 1996 product liability lawsuit against Sta-Rite, the manufacturer of a defective pool drain cover. The case involved Valerie Lakey, a three-year-old girl[11] who was disemboweled by the suction power of the pool drain pump when she sat on an open pool drain whose protective cover had been removed by other children at the pool, after the swim club had failed to install the cover properly. Despite 12 prior suits with similar claims, Sta-Rite continued to make and sell drain covers lacking warnings. Sta-Rite protested that an additional warning would have made no difference because the pool owners already knew the importance of keeping the cover secured.
    In his closing arguments, Edwards spoke to the jury for an hour and a half and made reference to his son, Wade, who had been killed shortly before testimony began[clarification needed ]. Mark Dayton, editor of North Carolina Lawyers Weekly, would later call it "the most impressive legal performance I have ever seen."[12] The jury awarded the family $25 million, the largest personal injury award in North Carolina history. The company settled for the $25 million while the jury was deliberating additional punitive damages, rather than risk losing an appeal. For their part in this case, Edwards and law partner David Kirby earned the Association of Trial Lawyers of America's national award for public service.[10] The family said that they hired Edwards over other attorneys because he alone had offered to accept a smaller percentage as his fee unless the award was unexpectedly high, while all of the other lawyers they spoke with said they required the full one-third fee. The size of the jury award was unprecedented, and Edwards did receive the standard one-third-plus-expenses fee typical of contingency cases. The family was so impressed with his intelligence and commitment[8] that they volunteered for his Senate campaign the next year.
    After Edwards won a large verdict against a trucking company whose worker had been involved in a fatal accident, the North Carolina legislature passed a law prohibiting such awards unless the company had specifically sanctioned the employee's actions.[8]
    In December 2003, during his first presidential campaign, Edwards (with John Auchard) published Four Trials, an autobiographical book focusing on cases from his legal career. According to this book, the success of the Sta-Rite case and his son's death (Edwards had hoped his son would eventually join him in private law practice) prompted Edwards to leave the legal profession and seek public office.[citation needed ]
    Edwards, his daughter Cate, and David Kirby started a new law firm, called "Edwards Kirby," in 2013, with offices in Raleigh and in Washington, D.C.[13][14]
    Political career Policy positions Edwards promotes programs to eliminate poverty in the United States, including arguing in favor of creating one million housing vouchers over five years in order to place poor people in middle-class neighborhoods. Edwards has stated, "If we truly believe that we are all equal, then we should live together too."[15] He also supports "College for Everyone" initiatives.
    Although Edwards initially supported the Iraq War, he later changed his position and in November 2005 wrote an op-ed in The Washington Post in which he said he expressed regret for voting for the Iraq War Resolution and discussed three solutions for success in the conflict.[16] He denounced the "troop surge" in Iraq, was a proponent for withdrawal, and urged Congress to withhold funding for the war without a withdrawal timetable.[17]
    On social policy, Edwards supports abortion rights and has a universal healthcare plan that requires all Americans to purchase healthcare insurance,[18] "requires that everybody get preventive care," and requires employers to provide health care insurance or be taxed to fund public health care.[19][20] He supports a pathway to citizenship for illegal immigrants,[20] is opposed to a constitutional amendment banning same-sex marriage;[21] and supports the repeal of the Defense of Marriage Act (DOMA).[22]
    Edwards endorsed efforts to slow down global warming[23] and was the first presidential candidate to describe his campaign as carbon-neutral.[24]
    Senate tenure Edwards won election to the U.S. Senate in 1998 as a Democrat running against incumbent Republican Senator Lauch Faircloth. Despite originally being the underdog, Edwards beat Faircloth by 51.2% to 47.0% '-- a margin of some 83,000 votes.
    During President Bill Clinton's 1999 impeachment trial in the Senate, Edwards was responsible for the deposition of witnesses Monica Lewinsky and fellow Democrat Vernon Jordan, Jr. During the 2000 presidential campaign, Edwards was on Democratic nominee Al Gore's vice presidential nominee short list (along with John Kerry and Joe Lieberman, Gore's eventual pick).[25]
    In his time in the Senate, Edwards co-sponsored 203 bills.[26] Among them was Lieberman's 2002 Iraq War Resolution (S.J.Res.46), which he co-sponsored along with 15 other senators, but which did not go to a vote.[27] He voted for replacement resolution (H.J Res. 114) in the full Senate to authorize the use of military force against Iraq, which passed by a vote of 77 to 23,[28] On October 10, 2002, he stated that:
    Almost no one disagrees with these basic facts: that Saddam Hussein is a tyrant and a menace; that he has weapons of mass destruction and that he is doing everything in his power to get nuclear weapons; that he has supported terrorists; that he is a grave threat to the region, to vital allies like Israel, and to the United States; and that he is thwarting the will of the international community and undermining the United Nations' credibility.[29]
    He defended his vote on an October 10, 2004, appearance on Meet the Press, saying "I would have voted for the resolution knowing what I know today, because it was the right thing to do to give the president the authority to confront Saddam Hussein ... I think Saddam Hussein was a very serious threat. I stand by that, and that's why [John Kerry and I] stand behind our vote on the resolution".[30] However, he subsequently changed his mind about the war and apologized for that military authorization vote. Edwards also voted in favor of the Patriot Act.
    Among other positions, Edwards was generally pro-choice and supported affirmative action and the death penalty. One of his first sponsored bills was the Fragile X Research Breakthrough Act of 1999.[31] He was also the first person to introduce comprehensive anti-spyware legislation with the Spyware Control and Privacy Protection Act.[32] He advocated rolling back the Bush administration's tax cuts and ending mandatory minimum sentencing for non-violent offenders.[33] Edwards generally supported expanding legal immigration to the United States while working with Mexico to provide better border security and stop illegal trafficking.[33][34]
    Edwards served on the U.S. Senate Select Committee on Intelligence, the U.S. Senate Committee on Judiciary, and was a member of the New Democrat Coalition.
    Before the 2004 Senate election, Edwards announced his retirement from the Senate and supported Erskine Bowles, former White House Chief of Staff, as the successor to his seat; Bowles, however, was defeated by Republican Richard Burr in the election.
    Post-Senate activities The day after his concession speech, he announced his wife Elizabeth had been diagnosed with breast cancer. Edwards told interviewer Larry King that he doubted he would return to practice as a trial lawyer and showed no interest in succeeding Terry McAuliffe as the Democratic National Committee chairman.
    In February 2005, Edwards headlined the "100 Club" Dinner, a major fundraiser for the New Hampshire Democratic Party. That same month, Edwards was appointed as director of the Center on Poverty, Work and Opportunity at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill for studying ways to move people out of poverty. That fall, Edwards toured ten major universities in order to promote "Opportunity Rocks!", a program aimed at getting youth involved to fight poverty.
    On March 21, 2005, Edwards recorded his first podcast[35] with his wife. Several months later, in August, Edwards delivered an address to a potential key supporter in the Iowa caucus, the AFL-CIO in Waterloo, Iowa.
    In the following month, Edwards sent an email to his supporters and announced that he opposed the nomination of Judge John G. Roberts to become Chief Justice of the United States. He was also opposed to the nomination of Justice Samuel Alito as an Associate Justice and Judge Charles Pickering's appointment to the Federal bench.
    During the summer and fall of 2005, he visited homeless shelters and job training centers and spoke at events organized by ACORN, the NAACP and the SEIU. He spoke in favor of an expansion of the earned income tax credit; in favor of a crackdown on predatory lending; an increase in the capital gains tax rate; housing vouchers for racial minorities (to integrate upper-income neighborhoods); and a program modeled on the Works Progress Administration to rehabilitate the Gulf Coast following Hurricane Katrina. In Greene County, North Carolina, he unveiled the pilot program for College for Everyone, an educational measure he promised during his presidential campaign, in which prospective college students would receive a scholarship for their first year in exchange for ten hours of work a week. The College for Everyone program was canceled in July 2008.[36]
    Edwards was co-chair of a Council on Foreign Relations task force on United States-Russia relations alongside Republican Jack Kemp, a former congressman, Cabinet official and vice presidential nominee.[37] The task force issued its report in March 2006.[38] On July 12, the International Herald Tribune published a related op-ed by Edwards and Kemp.[39]
    In October 2005, Edwards joined the Wall Street investment firm Fortress Investment Group as a senior adviser and consultant, a position for which a close aide reported he received an annual salary of $500,000.[40][41] Fortress owned a major stake in Green Tree Servicing LLC, which rose to prominence in the 1990s selling subprime loans to mobile-home owners and now services subprime loans originated by others, but in an interview Edwards said he was unaware of this.[42] Subprime loans allow buyers with poor credit histories to be funded, but they charge higher rates because of the risk, and sometimes carry hidden fees and increased charges over time.[42] In August 2007, The Wall Street Journal reported that a portion of the Edwards family's assets were invested in Fortress Investment Group, which had, in turn, invested a portion of its assets in subprime mortgage lenders, some of which had foreclosed on the homes of Hurricane Katrina victims.[43][44] Upon learning of Fortress' investments, Edwards divested funds and stated that he would try to help the affected families.[45] Edwards later helped set up an ACORN-administered "Louisiana Home Rescue Fund" seeded with $100,000, much of it from his pocket, to provide loans and grants to the families who were foreclosed on by Fortress-owned lenders.[46]
    Edwards is now a personal injury lawyer in Pitt County, North Carolina.[47]
    Political campaigns Electoral history North Carolina United States Senate election, 1998 (Democratic primary)[48]
    John Edwards '' 277,468 (51.39%)D.G. Martin '' 149,049 (27.59%)Ella Butler Scarborough '' 55,486 (10.28%)North Carolina United States Senate election, 1998[49]
    John Edwards (D) '' 1,029,237 (51.15%)Lauch Faircloth (R) (inc.) '' 945,943 (47.01%)Barbara Howe (Lib.) '' 36,963 (1.84%)2004 Democratic presidential primaries[50]
    John Kerry '' 9,930,497 (60.98%)John Edwards '' 3,162,337 (19.42%)Howard Dean '' 903,460 (5.55%)Dennis Kucinich '' 620,242 (3.81%)Wesley Clark '' 547,369 (3.36%)Al Sharpton '' 380,865 (2.34%)Joe Lieberman '' 280,940 (1.73%)2004 United States presidential election
    George W. Bush/Dick Cheney (R) (inc.) '' 62,040,610 (50.7%) and 286 electoral votes (31 states carried)John Kerry/John Edwards (D) '' 59,028,111 (48.3%) and 251 electoral votes (19 states and D.C. carried)John Ewards [sic] (D) '' 1 electoral vote (faithless elector)[51]2008 Democratic presidential primaries
    Barack Obama '' 17,869,542 (48.2%)Hillary Clinton '' 17,717,698 (47.8%)John Edwards '' 1,006,289 (2.65%)2004 presidential campaign In 2000, Edwards unofficially began his presidential campaign when he began to seek speaking engagements in Iowa, the site of the nation's first party caucuses. On January 2, 2003, Edwards began fundraising without officially campaigning by forming an exploratory committee. On September 15, 2003, Edwards fulfilled a promise he made a year earlier as a guest on The Daily Show with Jon Stewart to unofficially announce his intention to seek the 2004 Democratic presidential nomination. The next morning, Edwards made the announcement officially from his hometown. He declined to run for reelection to the Senate in order to focus on his presidential run. Edwards' campaign was chaired by North Carolina Democratic activist Ed Turlington.
    As Edwards had been building support essentially since his election to the Senate, he led the initial campaign fundraising, amassing over $7 million during the first quarter of 2003 '' more than half of which came from individuals associated with the legal profession, particularly Edwards' fellow trial lawyers, their families, and employees.[52]
    Edwards' stump speech spoke of "Two Americas", with one composed of the wealthy and privileged, and the other of the hard-working common man, causing the media to often characterize Edwards as a populist.[53][54]
    Edwards struggled to gain substantial support, but his poll numbers began to rise steadily weeks before the Iowa caucuses. Edwards had a surprising second-place finish with the support of 32% of delegates, behind only John Kerry's 39% and ahead of former front-runner Howard Dean at 18%. One week later in the New Hampshire primary, Edwards finished in fourth place behind Kerry, Dean and Wesley Clark, with 12%. During the February 3 primaries, Edwards won the South Carolina primary,[55] lost to Clark in Oklahoma, and lost to Kerry in the other states. Edwards garnered the second largest number of second-place finishes, again falling behind Clark.[56]
    Edwards on the campaign trail in 2004
    Dean withdrew from the contest, leaving Edwards the only major challenger to Kerry. In the Wisconsin primary on February 17, Edwards finished second to Kerry with 34% of the vote.
    Edwards largely avoided attacking Kerry until a February 29, 2004, debate in New York, where he characterized him as a "Washington insider" and mocked Kerry's plan to form a committee to examine trade agreements.
    In the Super Tuesday primaries on March 2, Kerry finished well ahead in nine of the ten states voting, and Edwards' campaign ended. In Georgia, Edwards finished only slightly behind Kerry but, failing to win a single state, chose to withdraw from the race. He announced his official withdrawal at a Raleigh, North Carolina press conference on March 3. Edwards' withdrawal made major media outlets relatively early on the evening of Super Tuesday, at about 6:30 pm CST, before polls had closed in California and before caucuses in Minnesota had even begun. It is thought that the withdrawal influenced many people in Minnesota to vote for other candidates, which may partially account for the strong Minnesota finish of Dennis Kucinich.[original research? ] Edwards did win the presidential straw poll conducted by the Independence Party of Minnesota.
    After withdrawing from the race, he went on to win the April 17 Democratic caucuses in his home state of North Carolina,[57] making him the only Democratic candidate besides Kerry to win nominating contests in two states in 2004.
    2004 vice presidential nomination On July 6, 2004, Kerry announced that Edwards would be his running mate; the decision was widely hailed in public opinion polls and by Democratic leaders. Though many Democrats supported Edwards' nomination, others criticized the selection for Edwards' perceived lack of experience. In the vice presidential debate, Dick Cheney told Edwards they had never met because of Edwards' frequent absences from the Senate, but that was later proven to be incorrect. Videotape later surfaced of Cheney and Edwards shaking hands off-camera during a taping of Meet the Press on April 8, 2001.[58] On February 1, 2001, Cheney thanked Edwards by name and sat with him during a Senate prayer breakfast. However, George W. Bush's campaign spokesman Steve Schmidt described the event as an "inconsequential meeting".[59][60] On January 8, 2003, they met when John Edwards accompanied then-Senator Elizabeth Dole to her swearing-in while Cheney was President of the Senate.[61]
    Kerry's campaign advisor Bob Shrum later reported in Time magazine that Kerry said he wished he had never picked Edwards, and the two have since stopped speaking to each other.[62] Edwards said in his concession speech, "You can be disappointed, but you cannot walk away. This fight has just begun."[63]
    2008 presidential campaign On December 28, 2006, John Edwards officially announced his candidacy for President in the 2008 election from the yard of a home in New Orleans, Louisiana, that was being rebuilt after Hurricane Katrina destroyed it.[64][65] Edwards stated that his main goals were eliminating poverty, fighting global warming, providing universal health care, and withdrawing troops from Iraq.[66]
    National polls had Edwards placing third among the Democratic field beginning in January 2007, behind Senator Hillary Clinton and Senator Barack Obama.[67] By July 2007, the Edwards campaign had raised $23 million from nearly 100,000 donors, placing him behind Obama and Clinton in fundraising.[68]
    Edwards was first to boycott a Fox News-sponsored presidential debate in March 2007.[69] Hillary Clinton, Bill Richardson, and Barack Obama followed suit.
    On January 3, 2008, in the Iowa caucuses, the first contest of the nomination process, Edwards placed second with 29.75% of the vote to Obama (37.58%), with Clinton coming in third with 29.47% of the vote.[70] On January 8, Edwards placed a distant third in the New Hampshire Democratic primary with just under 17% (48,818 votes). On January 26, Edwards again placed third in the primary in South Carolina '' his birth state '' which he had carried in 2004, and he placed third in the non-binding January 29 vote in Florida.
    On January 30, 2008, following his primary and caucus losses, Edwards announced that he was suspending his campaign for the Presidency.[71][72][73] He did not initially endorse either Clinton or Obama, saying they both had pledged to carry forward his central campaign theme of ending poverty in America.[74] In April 2008, he stated that he would not accept the 2008 vice presidential slot if asked.[75] On May 14, 2008, Edwards officially endorsed Senator Obama at a rally in Grand Rapids, Michigan.[76]
    On June 15, 2008, Edwards stepped back from his initial outright denial of interest in the position of the Vice President, saying, "I'd take anything he asks me to think about seriously, but obviously this is something that I've done and it's not a job I'm seeking."[77] On June 20, 2008, The Associated Press reported that according to a member of the Congressional Black Caucus, the names of Edwards and Sam Nunn were on Obama's vice presidential shortlist.[78] Ultimately, then-Senator Joe Biden of Delaware was tapped to become Obama's running mate.
    Personal life Family While at UNC, he met Elizabeth Anania. They married in 1977 and had four children (Wade in 1979, Cate in 1982, Emma Claire in 1998, and Jack in 2000). Edwards also has a child out of wedlock, born in 2008, named Frances Quinn Hunter, conceived with his former mistress Rielle Hunter. Edwards denied being the father for over two years before finally admitting to it in 2010.[79]
    Wade was killed in a car accident when strong winds swept his Jeep off a North Carolina highway in 1996. Three weeks before his death, Wade was honored by First Lady Hillary Clinton at The White House as one of the 10 finalists in an essay contest sponsored by the National Endowment for the Humanities and the Voice of America for an essay he wrote on entering the voting booth with his father.[80] Wade, accompanied by his parents and sister, went on to meet North Carolina Sen. Jesse Helms, who later entered Wade's essay and his obituary into the Congressional Record.[81] Edwards and his wife began the Wade Edwards Foundation in their son's memory; the purpose of the non-profit organization is "to reward, encourage, and inspire young people in the pursuit of excellence." The Foundation funded the Wade Edwards Learning Lab at Wade's high school, Needham B. Broughton High School in Raleigh, along with scholarship competitions and essay awards.[82]
    On November 3, 2004, Elizabeth Edwards revealed that she had been diagnosed with breast cancer. She was treated via chemotherapy and radiotherapy,[83] and continued to work within the Democratic Party and her husband's One America Committee. On March 22, 2007, during his campaign for the 2008 Democratic nomination for the presidency, Edwards and his wife announced that her cancer had returned; she was diagnosed with stage IV breast cancer, with newly discovered metastases to the bone and possibly to her lung.[84][85] They said that the cancer was "no longer curable, but is completely treatable"[86] and that they planned to continue campaigning together with an occasional break when she required treatment.[84][87] In June 2010, Elizabeth published a book called Resilience. Her book is about the struggles of her marriage and how she was affected by her husband's affair. In the book, Elizabeth talks about how long she was in the dark about the affair and how many times her husband, John, lied about the details of the affair. She never addresses John's mistress by name but calls her a "parasitic groupie" and claims that she is pathetic. Elizabeth also opens up about how she tried to forgive her husband after she first learned of the affair but struggled to find forgiveness when he continued to lie.After Edwards' January 21, 2010, admission that he fathered a child with his mistress, Elizabeth legally separated from him and intended to file for divorce after a mandatory one-year waiting period.[88][89][90]
    On December 7, 2010, Elizabeth died of metastatic breast cancer at age 61.[91]
    Residence In Washington. D.C. he lived in Embassy Row, 2215 30th Street.[92]
    His next-door neighbor was the media owner David G. Bradley.
    In 2004, he sold his house to the Hungarian Embassy to the United States.[93][94]
    In October 2007, The National Enquirer began a series of reports alleging an adulterous affair between Edwards and former campaign worker Rielle Hunter. By July 2008, several news media outlets speculated that Edwards' chances for the Vice Presidency as well as other positions such as the Attorney General were harmed by the allegations, which now included that he fathered a child with Hunter and had visited her and the baby girl at the Beverly Hilton Hotel in Beverly Hills, California. However, the story was not widely covered by the press for some time, until, after initially denying the allegations,[95][96][97][98] Edwards admitted the affair.[99][100] On January 21, 2010, John Edwards issued a press release to admit that he fathered Hunter's child.[101]
    In an August 8, 2008, statement,[102] and an interview with Bob Woodruff of ABC News, Edwards admitted the affair with Hunter in 2006, but denied being the father of her child. He acknowledged that he had been dishonest in denying the entire Enquirer story, admitting that some of it was true, but said that the affair ended long before the time of the child's conception. He further said he was willing to take a paternity test, but Hunter responded that she would not be party to a DNA test "now or in the future".[103] Initially, campaign aide Andrew Young claimed that he, not Edwards, was the child's father.[104] Young has since renounced that statement, and told publishers in a book proposal that Edwards always knew he was the child's father; Young alleged that Edwards pleaded with him to falsely accept responsibility.[105]
    In the proposal, which The New York Times examined, Young claims to have set up private meetings between Edwards and Hunter. He wrote that Edwards once calmed an anxious Hunter by promising her that after his wife died, he would marry her in a rooftop ceremony in New York with an appearance by the Dave Matthews Band.[105] ABC News reports that Young stated that Edwards asked him to "Get a doctor to fake the DNA results ... and to steal a diaper from the baby so he could secretly do a DNA test to find out if this [was] indeed his child."[106] On February 2, 2010, Young released a book detailing the affair. Young also began working with Aaron Sorkin on a movie about the affair based on the book The Politician. On February 23, 2012, an Orange County, NC, judge ruled that Young and his wife could not publicize the movie. The judge also ruled that an alleged "sex tape" of Edwards and Hunter be destroyed by the court. The judge also allowed only the materials already in the public domain to be used for public purposes. All other photos and materials not yet released, can be used for family purposes only.[107]
    In response to the scandal involving Edwards' extramarital affair and attempts to cover it up, he has stated "I am a sinner, but not a criminal."[108]
    In May 2009, newspapers reported that Edwards' campaign was being investigated for conversion of campaign money to personal use related to the affair. Edwards said that the campaign was complying with the inquiry. The relevant US attorney refused to comment.[109][110] In the same month, George Stephanopoulos of ABC News reported that members of Edwards' staff had told him that they had planned a "doomsday strategy" to derail Edwards' campaign if he got close to the nomination.[111] Joe Trippi, a senior advisor to the campaign, said the report was "complete bullshit".[112] In August 2009, Rielle Hunter appeared before the grand jury investigating this matter.[113] On March 15, 2010, Hunter broke her silence during an interview with GQ magazine and provided new details about the affair.[114][115] In March 2011, voicemail messages allegedly left by John Edwards were obtained, which Young says prove that Edwards arranged the cover up of his affair with Hunter.[116]
    Reports surfaced in late 2011 in The National Enquirer and RadarOnline.com that Edwards asked his former mistress to move into his North Carolina home, where he had once lived with his wife.[117] Rielle Hunter announced her breakup with Edwards on the same day she released a book about their relationship in 2012.[118]
    On February 9, 2016, Hunter spoke on Steve Harvey in her first televised interview in almost five years. Hunter, then 51, said that the couple were actually still together up until February 2015.[citation needed ]
    Indictment and trial On May 24, 2011, ABC News and the New York Times reported that the U.S Department of Justice's Public Integrity Section had conducted a two-year investigation into whether Edwards had used more than $1 million in political donations to hide his affair and planned to pursue criminal charges for alleged violations of campaign finance laws.[119][120][121]
    On June 3, 2011, Edwards was indicted by a federal grand jury in North Carolina on six felony charges, including four counts of collecting illegal campaign contributions, one count of conspiracy, and one count of making false statements.[122]
    After postponing the start of the trial while Edwards was treated for a heart condition in February 2012, Judge Catherine Eagles of the U.S. District Court for the Middle District of North Carolina scheduled jury selection to begin on April 12, 2012.[123] Edwards's trial began on April 23, 2012, as he faced up to 30 years in prison and a $1.5 million fine.[124]
    In a related development, on March 13, 2012, the Federal Election Commission ruled that Edwards' campaign must repay $2.1 million in matching federal funds. Edwards' lawyers claimed the money was used, and that the campaign did not receive all the funds to which it was entitled, but the commission rejected the arguments.[125]
    Twelve jurors and four alternates were seated, and opening arguments began April 23, 2012.[126] Closing arguments took place May 17, and the case went to the jury the next day.[127]
    On May 31, 2012, Edwards was found not guilty on Count 3, illegal use of campaign funding (contributions from Rachel "Bunny" Mellon), while mistrials were declared on all other counts against him.[2] On June 13, 2012, the Justice Department announced that it dropped the charges and would not attempt to retry Edwards.[3]
    Return to law practice Edwards returned to the practice of law after his political career ended. Together with attorneys David Kirby and William Bystrynski, he founded the law firm Edwards Kirby in Raleigh. His daughter Cate is the managing attorney of the San Diego office of the firm.[128] Vidant Health and Pitt County, North Carolina, was the venue for Edwards' 2014 return to the malpractice arena.[47]
    Bibliography Four Trials (with John Auchard) (New York: Simon and Schuster, 2003) ISBN 0-7432-4497-4Home: The Blueprints of Our Lives (New York: Collins, 2006) ISBN 0-06-088454-1Ending Poverty in America: How to Restore the American Dream, co-editor (New Press, 2007)[129] ISBN 1-59558-176-6See also List of federal political sex scandals in the United StatesTwo Americas2008 United States presidential election2008 Democratic Party presidential candidatesOpinion polling for the Democratic Party (United States) presidential primaries, 2008Democratic presidential debates, 2008References ^ Sheryl Gay Stolberg (July 7, 2007). "THE 2004 ELECTION; A First-Term Senator's Swift Political Ascent '' John Reid Edwards". The New York Times. Archived from the original on January 15, 2008. ^ a b Severson, Kim; Schwartz, John (May 31, 2012). "Edwards Not Guilty on One Count; Mistrial on Five Others". The New York Times. Greensboro, NC . Retrieved April 11, 2015 . ^ a b Roig-Franzia, Manuel (June 13, 2012). "John Edwards will not be retried, Justice Department announces". Washington Post . Retrieved June 18, 2012 . ^ Patrick Healy (October 5, 2003). "From Mill Town to the National Stage". The Boston Globe . Retrieved March 27, 2007 . ^ http://www.nbcnews.com/id/20478398/ns/politics-mens_vogue/t/does-edwards-have-what-it-takes/#.XIsOOS2ZPMI ^ Evan Thomas, Susannah Meadows and Arian Campo-Flores (July 19, 2004). "John Edwards: VP Hopeful, Boyish Wonder". Newsweek. Archived from the original on September 6, 2007 . Retrieved September 2, 2007 . ^ "Religion and Politics '08: John Edwards" (Religion and Public Life) . Pew Research Center. November 4, 2008 . Retrieved April 11, 2015 . ^ a b c d e f g h i Adam Liptak and Michael Moss (January 31, 2004). "In Trial Work, Edwards Left a Trademark". The New York Times. Archived from the original on April 24, 2009 . Retrieved May 21, 2007 . ^ a b de la Cruz, Bonna (July 8, 2004). "Edwards has represented big as well as little guys". The Tennessean. Archived from the original on July 19, 2004. ^ a b c "John Edwards". FindLaw. n.d . Retrieved March 25, 2007 . ^ "Defense Rests in Pool Drain Lawsuit". WRAL. December 17, 1996 . Retrieved July 19, 2008 . ^ Joshua Green (January 10, 2001). "John Edwards, Esq". Washington Monthly. Archived from the original on October 7, 2001 . Retrieved March 25, 2007 . ^ WRAL.com: Edwards teaming up again with former law partner Archived March 3, 2016, at the Wayback Machine ^ Edwards Kirby Law Firm: Equality In Justice Archived October 4, 2016, at the Wayback Machine ^ MacGillis, Alec (May 7, 2007). "On Poverty, Edwards Faces Old Hurdles". The Washington Post. Washington, D.C. pp. A01 . Retrieved January 26, 2008 . ^ John Edwards (November 13, 2005). "The Right Way in Iraq". The Washington Post. p. B07 . Retrieved December 18, 2007 . ^ "Dems in tough spot with war funding bill". CNN. May 24, 2007 . 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New York: St. Martin's Griffin. ISBN 978-0312640651. ^ a b Alec MacGillis and John Solomon (May 11, 2007). "Edwards Says He Didn't Know About Subprime Push". The Washington Post . Retrieved May 13, 2007 . ^ Cooper, Christopher (August 17, 2007). "Free Preview '' WSJ.com". The Wall Street Journal. Archived from the original on April 1, 2015 . Retrieved May 24, 2010 . ^ "John Edwards says he will divest funds linked to lenders foreclosing in New Orleans ''". International Herald Tribune. March 29, 2009 . Retrieved May 24, 2010 . ^ "Edwards to end investments with lenders: Says he won't have his money involved with Katrina-related foreclosures". Associated Press. August 17, 2007 . Retrieved August 17, 2007 . ^ Alec MacGillis (September 14, 2007). "Edwards to 'Rescue' On Foreclosures". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on May 23, 2011 . Retrieved September 17, 2007 . ^ a b Zachary, Kristin (April 15, 2014). "Edwards trying case in Pitt County". 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"Kerry picks Edwards as running mate: Mass. senator calls ex-rival a man of middle-class values". The Washington Post . Retrieved April 1, 2008 . ^ "Kerry and Edwards start campaign". BBC News. July 7, 2004 . Retrieved April 1, 2008 . ^ South Carolina Democratic Delegation 2004 Archived March 3, 2016, at the Wayback Machine. Thegreenpapers.com. Retrieved on June 3, 2011. ^ "CNN". CNN . Retrieved May 24, 2010 . ^ North Carolina Democratic Delegation 2004 Archived March 3, 2016, at the Wayback Machine. Thegreenpapers.com. Retrieved on June 3, 2011. ^ "Photos undermine Cheney's assertion he never met Edwards - The Boston Globe". archive.boston.com . Retrieved November 3, 2019 . ^ Peter Wallsten (October 6, 2004). "Cheney and Edwards Have Met Before". The Los Angeles Times . Retrieved November 2, 2012 . ^ Dan Froomkin (October 6, 2004). "When Cheney Met Edwards". The Washington Post . Retrieved November 2, 2012 . ^ Richard Sisk and Helen Kennedy (October 6, 2004). "THEY GO FOR THE JUGULAR Cheney, Edwards trade nasty barbs in debate". The New York Daily News. Archived from the original on January 1, 2015 . Retrieved November 2, 2012 . ^ Shrum, Robert (May 30, 2007). "Kerry's Regrets About John Edwards". Time . Retrieved May 6, 2010 . ^ "Transcript of John Edwards's Speech on Wednesday". The New York Times. November 3, 2004. ISSN 0362-4331 . Retrieved November 3, 2019 . ^ Knight, Sam (December 28, 2006). "John Edwards joins race for White House". The Times. London . Retrieved May 6, 2010 . ^ Nedra Pickler (December 28, 2006). "John Edwards Joins Presidential Race". The Washington Post . Retrieved December 28, 2006 . ^ Lawrence, Jill (December 29, 2006). "Edwards takes another shot at run for White House". USA Today . Retrieved July 6, 2007 . ^ "Clinton, Obama in Virtual Tie Among Democrats". Rasmussen Reports. January 17, 2007 . Retrieved June 1, 2007 . ^ Jim Kuhnhenn (July 1, 2007). "Edwards Raises More Than $9 Million". Forbes. Archived from the original on July 3, 2007 . Retrieved July 6, 2007 . ^ Fox News Boss Hits Edwards' Boycott Archived October 11, 2013, at the Wayback Machine CBS News, March 9, 2007 ^ Online Casino Strategies Archived April 15, 2016, at the Wayback Machine. Iowacaucusresults.com. Retrieved on June 3, 2011. ^ "Edwards exits presidential race". CBS News. January 30, 2008 . Retrieved January 30, 2008 . ^ Holland, Steve (January 30, 2008). "Giuliani, Edwards quit White House Race". Reuters . Retrieved January 30, 2008 . ^ "Edwards Withdrawal Announcement" (Video) . C-SPAN. January 30, 2008 . Retrieved April 11, 2015 . At a New Orleans event Democratic presidential candidate John Edwards announced that he is suspending his campaign ^ Foon Rhee (January 30, 2008). "Edwards drops out of race". Boston Globe . Retrieved January 30, 2008 . ^ Sinead Carew (April 3, 2008). "John Edwards says would not accept VP nomination". Reuters . Retrieved May 14, 2008 . ^ "Edwards endorses Obama, praises Clinton". CNN. May 15, 2008 . Retrieved May 6, 2010 . ^ "Edwards not ruling out new VP bid under Obama". AFP. June 15, 2008. Archived from the original on June 18, 2008 . Retrieved June 15, 2008 . ^ "AP: Edwards makes Obama's VP List". Associated Press. June 20, 2008. Archived from the original on June 27, 2008 . Retrieved June 20, 2008 . ^ Julie Bosman (January 21, 2010). "John Edwards Admits He Fathered Girl with Mistress". The New York Times . Retrieved May 8, 2010 . ^ "John Edwards Opens Up About Death of Teenage Son". Fox News. Associated Press. March 29, 2007 . Retrieved May 21, 2007 . ^ "Lucius Wade Edwards July 18, 1979-April 4, 1996". Congressional Record, 104th Congress, (1995-1996) . Retrieved May 21, 2008 . ^ "Wade Edwards Foundation" . Retrieved May 21, 2007 . ^ Katie Couric (November 21, 2004). "Elizabeth Edwards battles breast cancer". NBC News . Retrieved May 20, 2007 . ^ a b Transcript of press conference (March 22, 2007). "Former Sen. Edwards Holds a News Conference on Wife's Health: Breast Cancer Has Returned". The Washington Post . Retrieved March 25, 2007 . ^ Candy Crowley (March 23, 2007). "Edwards: Wife's cancer returns, campaign goes on". CNN . Retrieved June 14, 2007 . ^ Mary Carter; Elizabeth Cohen; Amy Burkholder (May 22, 2007). "Edwards: Cancer 'no longer curable ' ". CNN . Retrieved June 14, 2007 . ^ Nedra Pickler (March 22, 2007). "Edwards Presses on With 2008 Campaign". Associated Press. Archived from the original on March 28, 2007 . Retrieved March 22, 2007 . ^ Cowan, Richard (January 27, 2010). "Politician John Edwards and wife separate". Reuters . Retrieved May 24, 2010 . ^ Lisa Myers and Michael Austin (January 21, 2010). "Edwards admits fathering child with mistress". NBC News. Archived from the original on January 23, 2010 . Retrieved January 21, 2010 . ^ Oldenburg, Ann (January 27, 2010). "Elizabeth Edwards tells her sister: 'I've had it. ' ". USA Today . Retrieved May 6, 2010 . ^ "Elizabeth Edwards Dies At 61". Archived from the original on December 11, 2010. ^ Hungarian Rhapsody Archived March 4, 2016, at the Wayback Machine, Mary Mewborn, Washington Life. ^ Five Hostages Archived October 18, 2016, at the Wayback Machine, Lawrence Wright, July 6, 2015, The New Yorker. ^ Campaign Releases Edwards's Earnings Archived October 16, 2015, at the Wayback Machine, Michael Moss and Kate Zernike, July 10, 2004, The New York Times. ^ Zagaroli, Lisa (July 31, 2008). "Birth certificate of child linked to Edwards lists no father". McClatchy Newspapers. Archived from the original on January 28, 2013 . Retrieved August 1, 2008 . ^ Fox News (unsigned) (July 25, 2008). "Guard Confirms Late-Night Hotel Encounter Between Ex-Sen. John Edwards, Tabloid Reporters". Fox News Channel. Archived from the original on February 15, 2013 . Retrieved July 28, 2008 . ^ Guy Adams (July 27, 2008). "Love child and mistress claims hit Edwards". The Independent. London. ^ Sarah Baxter (July 27, 2008). "Sleaze scuppers Democrat golden boy". The Times. London. ^ Poniewozik, James (August 8, 2008). "It's Mainstream Now; Edwards Admits Affair". Time . Retrieved August 1, 2008 . ^ Hoyt, Clark (August 9, 2008). "Sometimes, There's News in the Gutter". The New York Times . Retrieved September 3, 2008 . ^ "Edwards admits he fathered videographer's child". Associated Press. January 21, 2010. ^ "Statement of Senator John Edwards". The Washington Post. August 8, 2008 . Retrieved August 8, 2008 . ^ Lois Romano and Howard Kurtz, "Edwards's Ex-Lover Rejects Idea Of DNA Test: Hunter Requests Privacy For Herself, Her Child", Washington Post, August 10, 2008 ^ Rhonda Swartz; Brian Ross (August 8, 2008). "Edwards Admits Sexual Affair; Lied as Presidential Candidate". ABC News . Retrieved August 8, 2008 . ^ a b Lewis, Neil (September 19, 2009). "For Edwards, Drama Builds Toward a D(C)nouement". The New York Times . Retrieved September 20, 2009 . ^ "John Edwards Admits He Fathered Rielle Hunter's Child During Affair '' ABC News". ABCnews.go. January 21, 2010 . Retrieved May 24, 2010 . ^ "John Edwards sex tape to be destroyed after settlement reached". CNN. February 24, 2012. ^ Severson, Kim (June 13, 2012). "No New Trial for John Edwards". New York Times . Retrieved October 5, 2014 . ^ Baker, Mike (May 3, 2009). "For Edwards, investigation is latest stage of saga". Yahoo! News. Associated Press. Archived from the original on May 6, 2009 . Retrieved June 5, 2011 . His once-prominent political career is buried and the turmoil of his marriage is playing out in public. ^ Locke, Mandy (May 3, 2009). "Mellon gave Edwards a boost". The News & Observer. Raleigh, NC: The News & Observer Publishing Co. Archived from the original on May 5, 2009 . Retrieved June 5, 2011 . John Edwards marched toward the White House in 2006 seeking an arsenal of millions collected a little at a time. ^ Weiner, Rachel (May 10, 2009). "Edwards Staff Had Affair "Doomsday" Strategy (VIDEO)". Huffington Post . Retrieved May 24, 2010 . ^ Mooney, Alexander (May 11, 2009). "Trippi refutes claim Edwards staffers knew of affair". Political Ticker. CNN . Retrieved May 13, 2009 . ^ Mandy Locke (August 6, 2009). "Edwards' ex-girlfriend at courthouse". Charlotte News & Observer. Archived from the original on August 9, 2009 . Retrieved August 6, 2009 . ^ DePaulo, Lisa. "Hello, America, My Name Is Rielle Hunter". GQ . Retrieved November 3, 2019 . ^ Phillips, Kate (March 15, 2010). "Mistress of Edwards Ends Silence on Affair". The New York Times . Retrieved May 6, 2010 . ^ Daniels, Steve (March 2, 2011). "Voicemails detail Edwards affair". WTVD . Retrieved March 3, 2011 . ^ Tereszcuk, Alexis (2011). "Disgraced John Edwards Asks Mistress Rielle Hunter to Move in with Him". Radar Online . Retrieved December 15, 2011 . ^ "Rielle Hunter, John Edwards Breakup Announced Same Day As Book Release". Ibtimes.com . Retrieved December 17, 2012 . ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on January 31, 2012 . Retrieved 2011-02-13 . CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) On June 3, 2011, Edwards was indicted and charged with four counts of illegal campaign contributions and one count of false statements. ^ Siegel, Elyse (June 3, 2011). "John Edwards Indicted". Huffington Post. ^ Hill, James. (May 24, 2011) John Edwards: US Green-Lights Prosecution for Alleged Campaign Law Violations Tied to Affair Cover-Up '' ABC News Archived July 15, 2016, at the Wayback Machine. Abcnews.go.com. Retrieved on June 3, 2011. ^ Indictment of Edwards. FamousDockets.com. Retrieved 7/8/2011 Archived March 4, 2016, at the Wayback Machine ^ Biesecker, Michael (March 1, 2012). "Edwards trial to start in April". Greensboro News & Record. Associated Press . Retrieved June 18, 2012 . ^ "Edwards arrives in NC court to face felony charges". Associated Press. June 3, 2011 . Retrieved June 3, 2011 . ^ Geiger, Kim (July 21, 2011). "FEC: John Edwards must pay back $2.3 million in campaign funds". Los Angeles Times . Retrieved April 11, 2015 . ^ Biesecker, Michael (April 23, 2012). "Judge: Edwards trial witness called others". Asheville Citizen-Times. The Associated Press . Retrieved April 25, 2012 . ^ Zucchino, David (May 18, 2012). "Closing arguments in John Edwards trial". Los Angeles Times. Greensboro, NC . Retrieved April 11, 2015 . ^ "Edwards Kirby" . Retrieved November 7, 2015 . ^ Martelle, Scott (April 29, 2007). "John Edwards pushes focus on poverty in book". Seattletimes.nwsource.com . Retrieved May 24, 2010 . External links Edwards Kirby Law Firm Edwards' law firm, in Raleigh NCJohn Edwards for President official campaign websiteJohn Edwards '08 Blog official campaign blogJohn Edwards at CurlieBiography at the Biographical Directory of the United States CongressProfile at Vote SmartFinancial information (federal office) at the Federal Election CommissionAppearances on C-SPANRecordBiography at the Biographical Directory of the United States CongressProfile at Vote SmartFinancial information (federal office) at the Federal Election CommissionSpeeches and statementsJuly 27, 2004, Democratic National Convention speech: Transcript textOctober 5, 2004, vice presidential debate: Transcript text, Audio and VideoJanuary 18, 2008, presidential campaign speech in Los Angeles, video
  Jeremiah Wright - Wikipedia
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    Sat, 25 Jul 2020 21:13
    Jeremiah Alvesta Wright Jr. (born September 22, 1941) is a pastor emeritus of Trinity United Church of Christ in Chicago, a congregation he led for 36 years, during which its membership grew to over 8,000 parishioners.[5] Following retirement, his beliefs and preaching were scrutinized when segments of his sermons about terrorist attacks on the United States and government dishonesty were publicized in connection with the presidential campaign of Barack Obama.[6]
    Early years [ edit ] Wright was born on September 22, 1941.[7] He was born and raised in the racially mixed area of Germantown, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.[8] His parents were Jeremiah Wright Sr. (1909''2001), a Baptist minister who pastored Grace Baptist Church in Germantown from 1938 to 1980,[9] and Mary Elizabeth Henderson Wright, a school teacher who was the first black person to teach an academic subject at Roosevelt Junior High. She went on to be the first black person to teach at Germantown High and Girls High, where she became the school's first black vice principal.
    Wright graduated from Central High School of Philadelphia in 1959, among the best schools in the area at the time.[8] At the time, the school was around 90 percent white.[10] The 211th class yearbook described Wright as a respected member of the class. "Always ready with a kind word, Jerry is one of the most congenial members of the 211," the yearbook said. "His record in Central is a model for lower class [younger] members to emulate."[8]
    Education and military service [ edit ] Jeremiah Wright (second from right, behind
    IV pole), in 1966, as a US Navy Hospital Corpsman. He is tending to President Lyndon Johnson, standing behind him is
    Bill Moyers.
    [11] (A letter of thanks on behalf of the President is superimposed on photo).
    From 1959 to 1961, Wright attended Virginia Union University,[12] in Richmond and is a member of Omega Psi Phi fraternity, Zeta chapter. In 1961 Wright left college and joined the United States Marine Corps and became part of the 2nd Marine Division attaining the rank of private first class. In 1963, after two years of service, Wright joined the United States Navy and entered the Corpsman School at the Great Lakes Naval Training Center.[13][14] Wright was then trained as a cardiopulmonary technician at the National Naval Medical Center in Bethesda, Maryland. Wright was assigned as part of the medical team charged with care of President Lyndon B. Johnson (see photo of Wright caring for Johnson after his 1966 surgery). Before leaving the position in 1967, the White House Physician, Vice Admiral Burkley, personally wrote Wright a letter of thanks on behalf of the United States President.[15][16][17]
    In 1967 Wright enrolled at Howard University in Washington, DC, where he earned a bachelor's degree in 1968 and a master's degree in English in 1969. He also earned a master's degree from the University of Chicago Divinity School.[13] Wright holds a Doctor of Ministry degree (1990) from the United Theological Seminary in Dayton, Ohio, where he studied under Samuel DeWitt Proctor, a mentor to Martin Luther King Jr.[18]
    His wife is Ramah Reed Wright, and he has four daughters, Janet Marie Moore, Jeri Lynne Wright, Nikol D. Reed, and Jamila Nandi Wright, and one son, Nathan D. Reed.[13]
    Career as minister [ edit ] Jeremiah Wright (center left), in 1998, greeting President Bill Clinton during a prayer breakfast at the White House
    Wright became pastor of the Trinity United Church of Christ, Chicago on March 1, 1971; it had some 250 members on its rolls, but only about 90 or so were actually attending worship by that time.[19] By March 2008 Trinity United Church of Christ had become the largest church in the mostly white[20] United Church of Christ denomination. The President and General Minister of the United Church of Christ, John H. Thomas, has stated: "It is critical that all of us express our gratitude and support to this remarkable congregation, to Jeremiah A. Wright for his leadership over 36 years."[21] Thomas, who is a member of the Pilgrim Congregational United Church of Christ in Cleveland, has also preached[22] and worshipped at Trinity United Church of Christ (most recently on March 2, 2008).[21]
    Trinity and Wright were profiled by correspondent Roger Wilkins in Sherry Jones's documentary Keeping the Faith broadcast as the June 16, 1987, episode of the PBS series Frontline with Judy Woodruff.[23]In 1995, Wright was asked to deliver a prayer during an afternoon session of speeches at the Million Man March in Washington, DC.[24]
    Wright, who began the "Ministers in Training" program at Trinity United Church of Christ, has been a national leader in promoting theological education and the preparation of seminarians for the African-American church.[25] The church's mission statement is based upon systematized black theology that started with the works of James Hal Cone.[26][27]
    Wright has been a professor at Chicago Theological Seminary, Garrett''Evangelical Theological Seminary, and other educational institutions. Wright has served on the Board of Trustees of Virginia Union University, Chicago Theological Seminary and City Colleges of Chicago. He has also served on the Board Directors of Evangelical Health Systems, the Black Theology Project, the Center for New Horizons and the Malcolm X School of Nursing, and on boards and committees of other religious and civic organizations.[13]
    Wright attended a lecture by Frederick G. Sampson in Richmond, Virginia, in the late 1980s, on the G. F. Watts painting Hope, which inspired him to give a sermon in 1990 based on the subject of the painting '' "with her clothes in rags, her body scarred and bruised and bleeding, her harp all but destroyed and with only one string left, she had the audacity to make music and praise God.... To take the one string you have left and to have the audacity to hope... that's the real word God will have us hear from this passage and from Watt's painting."[28] Having attended Wright's sermon, Barack Obama later adapted Wright's phrase "audacity to hope" to "audacity of hope" which became the title for his 2004 Democratic National Convention keynote address, and the title of his second book.
    Controversies [ edit ] Wright, who was Barack Obama's former pastor, gained national attention in March 2008 when ABC News, after reviewing dozens of Wright's sermons,[29] excerpted parts which were subject to intense media scrutiny.[6][30][31][32] Obama denounced the statements in question, but after critics continued to press the issue of his relationship with Wright he gave a speech titled "A More Perfect Union", in which he denounced Wright's remarks, but did not disown him as a person. The controversy began to fade, but was renewed in late April when Wright made a series of media appearances, including an interview on Bill Moyers Journal, a speech at the NAACP and a speech at the National Press Club.[33] After the last of these, Obama spoke more forcefully against his former pastor, saying that he was "outraged" and "saddened" by his behavior, and in May he resigned his membership in the church.[34]
    On June 9, 2009, in an interview with the Daily Press of Newport News, Wright indicated that he hadn't had contact with Obama up to that point because "Them Jews aren't going to let him talk to me. I told my baby daughter, that he'll talk to me in five years when he's a lame duck, or in eight years when he's out of office." Wright also suggested that Obama did not send a delegation to the Durban Review Conference in Geneva on racism because of Zionist pressure saying: "[T]he Jewish vote, the A-I-P-A-C vote, that's controlling him, that would not let him send representation to the Durban Review Conference, that's talking this craziness on this trip, cause they're Zionists, they would not let him talk to someone who calls a spade what it is."[35] Writing for The Atlantic, Ta-Nehisi Coates characterized Wright's remarks as "crude conspiratorial antisemitism."[36] On June 11, 2009, Wright amended his remarks during an interview with Mark Thompson on his radio program, Make it Plain. "Let me say like Hillary, I misspoke. Let me just say: Zionists... I'm not talking about all Jews, all people of the Jewish faith, I'm talking about Zionists."[37]
    Wright wrote on his Facebook page apologizing for his remarks on June 12, 2009. He wrote, "I mis-spoke and I sincerely meant no harm or ill-will to the American Jewish community or the Obama administration... I have great respect for the Jewish faith and the foundational (and central) part of our Judeo-Christian tradition."[38] "In other words", another Atlantic writer, Jeffrey Goldberg, alleged, "[H]e regrets speaking plainly instead of deploying a euphemism."[39] The Anti Defamation League released a statement condemning Wright's remarks as "inflammatory and false. The notions of Jewish control of the White House in Reverend Wright's statement express classic anti-Semitism in its most vile form."[40]
    In June 2011, in a speech at Empowerment Temple in Baltimore City, Wright called the State of Israel "illegal" and "genocidal" and insisted, "To equate Judaism with the state of Israel is to equate Christianity with [rapper] Flavor Flav."[41]
    Retirement [ edit ] Wright retired as pastor from Trinity United Church of Christ in early 2008. Over the course of his tenure, he brought the Church's membership from 87 in 1972 to over 8,000 parishioners.[5] Trinity United purchased a lot in Tinley Park, a predominantly white Chicago suburb, and built Wright a 10,340-square-foot (961 m2) home valued at $1.6 million.[42][43]
    In September 2016, Wright suffered a stroke which left him confined to a wheelchair[44]
    Honors [ edit ] Wright has received a Rockefeller Fellowship and seven honorary doctorate degrees, including from Colgate University, Lincoln University (in Pennsylvania), Valparaiso University, United Theological Seminary, Chicago Theological Seminary, and Starr King School for the Ministry.[13] Wright was named one of Ebony magazine's top 15 preachers.[16] He was also awarded the first Carver Medal by Simpson College in January 2008, to recognize Wright as "an outstanding individual whose life exemplifies the commitment and vision of the service of George Washington Carver".[45][46] On May 1, 2008, Northwestern University withdrew its invitation for him to receive an honorary doctorate in light of the controversy over his recent remarks.[47]
    Works [ edit ] Jeremiah A. Wright Jr., "Music as Cultural Expression in Black Church Theology and Worship", Journal of Black Sacred Music 3, 1 (1; Spring 1989).Wright, Jeremiah A. Jr. and Jini Kilgore Ross, What Makes You So Strong?: Sermons of Joy and Strength from Jeremiah A. Wright Jr., Judson Press, November 1993, ISBN 978-0-8170-1198-7Jawanza Kunjufu and Jeremiah Wright Jr., Adam! Where Are You?: Why Most Black Men Don't Go to Church, African American Images, June 1997, ISBN 978-0-913543-43-6 (also African American Images, 1994, ISBN B000T6LXPQ)Wright, Jeremiah A. Jr. and Colleen Birchett, Africans Who Shaped Our Faith (Student Guide), Urban Ministries, Inc., May 1995, ISBN 978-0-940955-29-5Wright, Jeremiah A. Jr. and Jini Kilgore Ross, Good News!: Sermons of Hope for Today's Families, Judson Press, December 1995, ISBN 978-0-8170-1236-6William J. Key, Robert Johnson Smith, Jeremiah A. Wright Jr. and Robert Johnson-Smith, From One Brother to Another: Voices of African American Men, Judson Press, October 1996, ISBN 978-0-8170-1250-2Frank Madison Reid III, Jeremiah Wright Jr. and Colleen Birchett, When Black Men Stand Up for God: Reflections on the Million Man March, African American Images, December 1997, ISBN 978-0-913543-48-1Wright, Jeremiah A. Jr., What Can Happen When We Pray: A Daily Devotional, Augsburg Fortress Publishers, June 2002, ISBN 978-0-8066-3406-7Wright, Jeremiah A. Jr., From One Brother To Another, Volume 2: Voices of African American Men , Judson Press, January 2003, ISBN 978-0-8170-1362-2Wright, Jeremiah A Jr. (2004), "Doing black theology in the black church", pp. 13''23, 213''214. In Linda E. Thomas (Ed.), Living Stones in the Household of God: The Legacy and Future of Black Theology, Minneapolis: Fortress. ISBN 0-8006-3627-9Wright, Jeremiah. "Here I am, send me". In Awakened to a calling: reflections on the vocation of ministry, Ann M. Svennungsen and Melissa Wiginton (Eds.), Nashville: Abingdon Press, c2005. ISBN 0-687-05390-0Wright, Jeremiah. "In the Lord's house, on the Lord's day". In Awakened to a calling: reflections on the vocation of ministry, Ann M. Svennungsen and Melissa Wiginton (Eds.), Nashville: Abingdon Press, 2005. ISBN 0-687-05390-0Iva E. Carruthers (Editor), Frederick D. Haynes III (Editor), Jeremiah A. Wright Jr. (Editor), Blow the Trumpet in Zion!: Global Vision and Action for the 21st Century Black Church, Augsburg Fortress Publishers, January 2005, ISBN 978-0-8006-3712-5Ernest R. Flores and Jeremiah A. Wright Jr., Tempted to Leave the Cross: Renewing the Call to Discipleship, Judson Press, November 2007, ISBN 978-0-8170-1524-4Wright has written several books and is featured on Wynton Marsalis's album The Majesty of the Blues, where he recites a spoken word piece written by Stanley Crouch, and on the Odyssey Channel series Great Preachers.[48][49]
    References [ edit ] ^ Hewitt, Hugh (April 25, 2008). "Providing Context for Reverend Wright: The New Audio of His Sermons". HughHewitt.com . Retrieved March 12, 2019 . ^ Alberts, Hana R. (April 28, 2008). "Rev. Wright Reclaims the Spotlight". Forbes . Retrieved March 12, 2019 . ^ Wright, Jeremiah A., Jr. (1990). Black Sacred Music: Problems and Possibilities (DMin thesis). Dayton, Ohio: United Theological Seminary. OCLC 33027349. ^ "About the Rev. Jeremiah Wright". Seattle Times. March 15, 2008 . Retrieved March 12, 2019 . ^ a b Jennifer O'Shea. 10 Things You Didn't Know About Jeremiah Wright. US News and World Reports ^ a b Banks, Adelle (2008-03-22). "Obama Finds Pulpit in Center of Racial Divide". The Washington Post . Retrieved 2008-03-22 . ^ Meyer, Stephen (2013). "Jeremiah A. Wright Jr.". In Mazurkiewicz, Margaret (ed.). Contemporary Black Biography. 103. Farmington Hills, Michigan: Gale. p. 169. ISBN 978-1-4144-8070-1. ISSN 1058-1316. ^ a b c Desmond S. King; Rogers M. Smith (4 September 2011). Still a House Divided: Race and Politics in Obama's America. Princeton University Press. pp. 4''. ISBN 978-0-691-14263-0. ^ Gabrielle Brochard and John DeVecchi (2006). "Biographical Essays" . Retrieved 2008-03-25 . ^ Wright, Jeremiah A. (1989). The pilgrimage of a pastor: The autobiography of Jeremiah A. Wright Sr. Aaron Press, ASIN B0006F1LD4 ^ Bill Moyers Journa . Transcripts | PBS ^ Pastor Archived 2008-01-21 at the Wayback Machine Trinity United Church of Christ ^ a b c d e "Dr. Jeremiah A Wright Jr". Corinthian Baptist Church. Archived from the original on 2008-03-29 . Retrieved 2008-03-25 . ^ Factor military duty into criticism - Lyndon B. Johnson, Dick Cheney, The White House - chicagotribune.com ^ Korb, Lawrence and Ian Moss. "Factor military duty into criticism". Available online. Archived. ^ a b "Rev. Dr. Jeremiah A. Wright Biography". The History Makers. 2002-01-11. Archived from the original on 2008-05-05 . Retrieved 2008-03-23 . ^ "The Biography of the Reverend Jeremiah A. Wright Jr". Charter Day 2004 Distinguished Alumni Biographies. Howard University. 2004-03-04 . Retrieved 2008-04-04 . ^ Emily Udell, "Keeping the Faith", In These Times, February 8, 2005. Available online. Archived. ^ Yearbooks of the United Church of Christ, 1971''72 ^ Gorski, Eric (2008-03-18). "Message of Obama Pastor Forged in Civil Rights Movement". Atlanta Journal-Constitution . Retrieved 2008-03-27 . ^ a b Guess, J. Bennet (2008-03-14). "Chicago's Trinity UCC Is "Great Gift to Wider Church Family". United Church of Christ . Retrieved 2008-03-27 . ^ "White People Welcome at Trinity United Church of Christ". YouTube . Retrieved 2008-03-27 . ^ Jones, Sherry (producer & director), Wilkins, Roger (correspondent), Woodruff, Judy (anchor) (June 16, 1987). FRONTLINE: reports: Keeping the Faith. Alexandria, Virginia: PBS Video. OCLC 18127027. , OCLC 21357978, OCLC 18126496, OCLC 42508237Ruth, Daniel (June 16, 1987). "Chicago minister exalts 'Faith ' " (paid archive) . Chicago Sun-Times. p. 50. McBride, James (June 16, 1987). "On leaving the ghetto" (paid archive) . The Washington Post. p. F3. " ' Sunday morning worship America's most segregated hour ' ". Post-Tribune. June 21, 1987. p. 4. ^ "Official Program". Washington: Million Man March. 1995-10-16. ^ "Donor Profiles". The Fund for Theological Education. Archived from the original on March 2, 2007 . Retrieved 2008-03-23 . ^ Talev, Margaret (2008-03-20). "Obama's church pushes controversial doctrines". The McClatchy Company . Retrieved 2008-03-28 . ^ Wright, Jeremiah (2007-03-01). "Talking Points". Trinity United Church of Christ website. Archived from the original on 2008-03-25 . Retrieved 2008-03-31 . ^ Sermon Archived 2010-07-25 at the Wayback Machine printed in Preaching Today, 1990. ^ Obama's Pastor: God Damn America, U.S. to Blame for 9/11 Brian Ross and Rehab el-Buri, ABC News, March 13, 2008 ^ Dilanian, Ken (2008-03-18). "Defenders say Wright has love, righteous anger for USA". USA Today . Retrieved 2008-04-02 . ^ Adubato, Steve (March 21, 2008). "Obama's reaction to Wright too little, too late". NBC News. ^ Johnson, Alex (2008-03-14). "Obama Strongly Denounces his ex-Pastor". NBC News . Retrieved 2008-04-28 . ^ "Listening to Rev. Wright" OnPoint, 29 April 2008. ^ Michael Powell (2008-06-01). "Following Months of Criticism, Obama Quits His Church". The New York Times . Retrieved 2008-06-02 . ^ Squires, David (June 10, 2009). "Rev. Jeremiah Wright says "Jews" are keeping him from President Obama". The Daily Press . Retrieved June 10, 2009 . ^ Ta-Nehisi Coates (June 11, 2009). "Jeremiah Wright". The Atlantic . Retrieved June 11, 2009 . ^ Jake Tapper (June 11, 2009). "Rev. Wright: I Meant to Say "Zionists" Are Keeping Me from Talking to President Obama -- Not Jews". ABC News: Political Punch . Retrieved June 11, 2009 . ^ Sweet, Lynn (June 12, 2009). "Wright Apologizes for 'Them Jews' as Museum Reopens". Politics Daily . Retrieved June 12, 2009 . ^ "Rev. Wright Clarifies". Jeffrey Goldberg at The Atlantic. June 11, 2009 . Retrieved June 11, 2009 . ^ "ADL Expresses Outrage At Reverend Wright's Hateful And Inflammatory Comments". Anti Defamation League. June 11, 2009 . Retrieved June 12, 2009 . ^ Mossburg, Marta. "Reverend Wright brings his anti-American crusade to Baltimore." The Baltimore Sun. 21 June 2011. 22 June 2011. ^ Church to build on Wright's land. Seattle Times ^ Jeremiah Wright to retire in 'white suburb'. The Telegraph ^ [1] ^ Jeremiah Wright receives Simpson's first Carver Medal ^ Schettler, Emily (2008-03-27). "Medal Recipient's Recent Comments Stir Controversy". The Simpsonian. Archived from the original on November 23, 2008 . Retrieved 2008-04-26 . ^ Goldman, Julianna (2008-05-01). "Rev. Wright's honorary degree canceled by Northwestern". Yahoo! News. Archived from the original on May 10, 2008 . Retrieved 2008-05-05 . ^ The Majesty Of The Blues '' Track list ^ Great Preachers: Jeremiah Wright (1998) External links [ edit ] Biography at Answers.comAppearances on C-SPAN"Jeremiah Wright collected news and commentary". The New York Times. Works by or about Jeremiah Wright in libraries (WorldCat catalog)Jeremiah Wright on IMDbIllinois legislature resolution congratulating Wright on his retirementVon Hoene Jr., William A. "Rev. Wright in a different light". Chicago Tribune, 26 March 2008.Bill Moyers Journal - "Reverend Jeremiah Wright" PBS, April 25, 2008, interviewBlack Liberation Theology and Rev. Jeremiah Wright, interview with Dwight Hopkins, professor of theology at the University of Chicago Divinity School, BeliefNet, May 2008Jeremiah Wright's Service to 3 Presidents photographs and newspaper articlesWright's blog at RH Reality Check (one post, February 7, 2008, on HIV/AIDS)"The Invisible Giant: the Black Church since World War II" Wheaton College Archives & Special CollectionsSermonsWright sermons at the official channel of Trinity United Church of Christ on YouTubeAudio of complete sermon by Wright from which the soundbite on 9/11 was excerpted.Audio of complete sermon by Wright from which soundbite "God damn America" was excerpted.The Audacity to Hope sermon from which the title of Barack Obama's book, The Audacity of Hope, is derived.Transcript Of A Jeremiah Wright Sermon given on January 27, 2008 Archived.Full video of Wright's 28 April 2008 speech on the Black church at the National Press club. Requires RealPlayer or Real Alternative
  Stanley Armour Dunham - Wikipedia
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    Stanley Armour Dunham (March 23, 1918 '' February 8, 1992) was the maternal grandfather of the 44th U.S. President Barack Obama. He and his wife Madelyn Payne Dunham raised Obama from the age of 10 in Honolulu, Hawaii.[1][2]
    Early life and education [ edit ] Dunham was born in Wichita, Kansas, the younger of two sons to Ralph Waldo Emerson Dunham, Sr. (December 25, 1894, Sumner County, Kansas '' October 4, 1970, Wichita, Kansas) and Ruth Lucille Armour (September 1, 1900, Illinois '' November 25, 1926, Wichita, Kansas).[3] His father's ancestors settled in Kempton, Indiana, in the 1840s, before relocating to Kansas.[4] His parents were married on October 3, 1915, at a home on South Saint Francis St. in Wichita, and opened The Travelers' Cafe on William Street situated between the old firehouse and the old Wichita City Hall.[5][6]
    On November 25, 1926, at age 8, Dunham discovered his mother's body after she had committed suicide. Subsequently, Dunham's father placed him and his older brother Ralph Waldo Emerson Dunham, Jr. in the care of their maternal grandparents in El Dorado, Kansas.[6] A rebellious teenager, Dunham allegedly punched his high school principal and spent some time drifting, hopping rail cars to Chicago, California, and back again.[7] He married Madelyn Lee Payne on May 5, 1940, the night of her senior prom.[8]
    Later life [ edit ] World War II [ edit ] Dunham enlisted as a private in the U.S. Army on January 18, 1942, at Fort Leavenworth, Kansas, and served in the European Theatre of World War II with the 1830th Ordnance Supply and Maintenance Company, Aviation. During D-Day, this unit helped to support the 9th Air Force. Dunham and his brother were deployed to France six weeks after D-Day. Before the Invasion of Normandy, the brothers once met accidentally as Stanley Dunham went in search of rations at a hotel in London, where his brother Ralph Dunham happened to be staying.[9] Madelyn Dunham gave birth to their daughter Stanley Ann Dunham, who was later known as Ann, at St. Francis Hospital in Wichita on November 29, 1942. During the war, Madelyn Dunham worked on a Boeing B-29 assembly line in Wichita.[10][11]
    Post-World War II [ edit ] After two years of military service in Europe (1943''1945), Dunham was discharged from the U.S. Army on August 30, 1945. After the war, the family moved to Berkeley, California so he could pursue study at the University of California, Berkeley and then eventually back to El Dorado, Kansas, where Dunham managed a furniture store. In 1955, after the Dunhams moved to Seattle, Washington, Dunham worked as a salesman for the Standard-Grunbaum Furniture Company, and his daughter Ann attended middle school. The family lived in an apartment in the Wedgwood Estates in the Wedgwood, Seattle neighborhood. In 1956 they moved to the Shorewood Apartments on Mercer Island, a Seattle suburb. Ann attended high school there, and they stayed until she graduated in 1960. In 1957, Dunham started working for the Doces Majestic Furniture Company.[12][13][14]
    Hawaii [ edit ] The family then moved to Honolulu, Hawaii, where Dunham found a better furniture store opportunity. Madelyn Dunham started working at the Bank of Hawaii in 1960, and was promoted as one of the bank's first female vice presidents in 1970.[15][16]
    In Barack Obama's memoir, Dreams From My Father, he wrote, "One of my earliest memories is of sitting on my grandfather's shoulders as the astronauts from one of the Apollo missions arrived at Hickam Air Force Base after a successful splashdown". At 10 years old, Barack Obama moved in with the Dunhams in Honolulu to attend school in the U.S. while his mother and stepfather Lolo Soetoro were living in Jakarta, Indonesia. His mother later came back to Hawaii to pursue graduate studies, but when she returned to Indonesia in 1977 for her master's fieldwork, Obama stayed in the United States with his grandparents. Obama wrote in his memoir, Dreams From My Father, "I'd arrived at an unspoken pact with my grandparents: I could live with them and they'd leave me alone so long as I kept my trouble out of sight".[17][18]
    Death [ edit ] Dunham died in Honolulu, Hawaii on February 8, 1992 and is interred in the Punchbowl National Cemetery.[17]
    Ancestry [ edit ] Dunham's heritage consists of English and Irish and other European ancestors who settled in the American colonies during the 17th and 18th centuries. Dunham is a direct descendant of Jonathan Singletary Dunham, a prominent early American settler who left the Plymouth Colony to build the first gristmill in New Jersey.
    The most recent native European ancestor was Falmouth Kearney, a farmer who emigrated from Moneygall, County Offaly, Ireland, during the Great Irish Famine and settled in Jefferson Township, Tipton County, Indiana, United States. Kearney's youngest daughter, Mary Ann (Kearney) Dunham, was Stanley Dunham's paternal grandmother.[19]
    Stanley Dunham's distant cousins include six U.S. presidents - and another president who is Dunham's grandson: James Madison, Harry Truman, Lyndon Johnson, Jimmy Carter, George H. W. Bush and George W. Bush, plus Barack Obama, his grandson. [20] Through a common ancestor, Mareen Duvall, a wealthy Huguenot merchant who emigrated to Maryland in the 1650s, Dunham is related to former Vice-President Dick Cheney (an eighth cousin once removed).[6] Through another common ancestor, Hans Gutknecht, a German Swiss from Bischwiller, Alsace whose three sons resettled in Germantown, Pennsylvania as well as the Kentucky frontier in the mid-18th century, Dunham is President Harry S. Truman's fourth cousin, twice removed.[21][22][23] Dunham and Wild Bill Hickock are sixth cousins, four times removed, through Jacob Dunham.[24]
    Jacob Mackey Dunham(1824''1907) Jacob William Dunham(1863''1930) Louise Eliza Stroup(1837''1901) Ralph Waldo Emerson Dunham, Sr.(1894''1970) Falmouth Kearney(b. Moneygall, Ireland 1832''1878) Mary Ann Kearney(1869''1936) Charlotte Holloway(1834''1877) Stanley Armour Dunham(1918''1992) George W Armour(1849''1889) Harry Ellington Armour(1874''1953) Nancy Ann Childress(1848''1924) Ruth Lucille Armour(1900''1926) Christopher Columbus Clark(1845''1937) Gabriella Clark(1876''1966) Susan Catherine Overall(1849''1906) Stanley Ann Dunham(1942''1995) Benjamin F Payne(1839''1878) Charles Thomas Payne(1861''1940) Eliza C Black(1837''1921) Rolla Charles Payne(1892''1968) Robert Wolfley(1834''1895) Della L Wolfley(1863''1906) Rachel Abbott(1835''1911) Madelyn Lee Payne(1922''2008) Harbin Wilburn McCurry(1823''1899) Thomas Creekmore McCurry(1850''1939) Elizabeth Edna Creekmore(1827''1918) Leona Belle McCurry(1897''1968) Joseph Samuel Wright(1834''1918) Margaret Belle Wright(1869''1935) Frances Ann Allred(1834''1918) Ancestry chart source: William Addams Reitwiesner.[25]
    References [ edit ] ^ Scott, Janny (March 14, 2008). "A free-spirited wanderer who set Obama's path". The New York Times. p. A1 . Retrieved February 13, 2009 . ^ "Obama had Multiethnic Existence in Hawaii:". February 6, 2007 . Retrieved February 9, 2008 . ^ Powell, Kimberly. "Ancestry of Barack Obama - Fourth Generation". About.com . Retrieved March 19, 2008 . ^ See The Dunham House. ^ Peters, Susan (January 22, 2008). "President Obama: From Kansas to the Capital". KAKEland. Archived from the original on February 14, 2012 . Retrieved June 1, 2009 . ^ a b c Fornek, Scott (September 9, 2007). "Mareen Duvall: No More Striking Figure". Chicago Sun-Times. Archived from the original on July 25, 2008 . Retrieved June 16, 2008 . ^ "Obama's Gramps: Gazing skyward on D-Day". Today News. NBC News. Associated Press. June 1, 2009. Archived from the original on August 14, 2009 . Retrieved June 6, 2009 . ^ Jones, Tim (March 27, 2007). "Obama's mom: Not just a girl from Kansas". Chicago Tribune. Archived from the original on November 24, 2007 . Retrieved March 22, 2008 . ^ Benac, Nancy (May 31, 2009). "Obama's Gramps: Backing Patton's army after D-Day". Associated Press. Archived from the original on January 19, 2015 . Retrieved June 1, 2009 . ^ "Obama seeks foothold in America's heartland". Kansas City Star. January 29, 2008. Archived from the original on December 22, 2008 . Retrieved March 22, 2008 . ^ Zeleny, Jeff (November 4, 2008). "Madelyn Dunham, Obama's grandmother, dies at 86". The New York Times . Retrieved November 4, 2008 . ^ Dougherty, Phil (February 7, 2009). "Stanley Ann Dunham, mother of Barack Obama, graduates from Mercer Island High School in June 1960" . Retrieved February 10, 2009 . ^ "Obama's grandparents and mom once lived in Oklahoma", Tulsa World, Associated Press, October 3, 2013 [2009], archived from the original on December 30, 2016 ^ Stapleton, Wanda Jo (August 25, 2012), "Shriver, Obama: American Success Stories" (PDF) , The Oklahoma Observer, p. 10, archived from the original (PDF) on December 30, 2016 ^ Murray, Shailagh (November 3, 2008). "Obama's Grandmother Dies". Washington Post . Retrieved November 3, 2008 . ^ Nakaso, Dan (March 30, 2008). "Obama's tutu a female pioneer in Hawaii banking". Honolulu Advertiser . Retrieved April 4, 2008 . [permanent dead link ] ^ a b Scott, Janny (March 14, 2008). "A Free-Spirited Wanderer Who Set Obama's Path". The New York Times . Retrieved March 22, 2008 . ^ Meacham, Jon (August 23, 2008). "What Barack Obama Learned from His Father". Newsweek. p. 3. Archived from the original on October 25, 2008 . Retrieved October 24, 2008 . ^ Fornek, Scott (September 9, 2007). "Falmouth Kearney". Chicago Sun-Times. Archived from the original on July 24, 2008 . Retrieved June 16, 2008 . ^ "President Barack Obama's Ancestors and Kinships". Archived from the original on January 6, 2010 . Retrieved June 6, 2009 . ^ Forek, Scott (September 9, 2007). "CHRISTIAN GUTKNECHT-GOODNIGHT: 'The dark and bloody ground ' ". Chicago Sun-Times. Archived from the original on March 4, 2009 . Retrieved March 20, 2009 . ^ Harneis, Robert (January 20, 2009). "Goodnight Mr. President". French News. Archived from the original on January 31, 2009 . Retrieved March 20, 2009 . ^ Fornek, Scott (September 9, 2007). "Catherine Goodnight Dunham:Six degrees of Barack Obama". Chicago Sun-Times. Archived from the original on February 26, 2009 . Retrieved February 26, 2009 . ^ Boston Genealogical Society Confirms Obama and "Wild Bill" Hickok Are Cousins New England HistoricGenealogical Society, 2008-07-30. Retrieved January 13, 2013. ^ Reitwiesner, William Addams. "Ancestry of Barack Obama". William Addams Reitwiesner Genealogical Services . Retrieved March 7, 2019 . External links [ edit ] "Family precedent: Obama's grandmother blazed trails'" USA Today, April 8, 2008"Remembering Madelyn Dunham" Honolulu Advertiser, November 15, 2008, includes photo gallery and memorial service video
  Ann Dunham - Wikipedia
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    Sat, 25 Jul 2020 20:46
    Not to be confused with the British equestrian
    Anne Dunham.
    American anthropologist, mother of Barack Obama
    Stanley Ann Dunham (November 29, 1942 '' November 7, 1995) was an American anthropologist who specialized in the economic anthropology and rural development of Indonesia.[1] She was the mother of Barack Obama, the 44th President of the United States. Dunham was known as Stanley Ann Dunham through high school, then as Ann Dunham, Ann Obama, Ann Soetoro, Ann Sutoro and finally after her second divorce as Ann Dunham.[2]
    Born in Wichita, Kansas, Dunham studied at the East''West Center and at the University of Hawaii at Manoa in Honolulu, where she attained a bachelor of arts degree in anthropology (1967),[3] and later received master of arts (1974) and PhD (1992) degrees, also in anthropology.[4] She also attended the University of Washington in Seattle from 1961 to 1962. Interested in craftsmanship, weaving, and the role of women in cottage industries, Dunham's research focused on women's work on the island of Java and blacksmithing in Indonesia. To address the problem of poverty in rural villages, she created microcredit programs while working as a consultant for the United States Agency for International Development. Dunham was also employed by the Ford Foundation in Jakarta and she consulted with the Asian Development Bank in Gujranwala, Pakistan. Towards the latter part of her life, she worked with Bank Rakyat Indonesia, where she helped apply her research to the largest microfinance program in the world.[4]
    After her son was elected President, interest renewed in Dunham's work: the University of Hawaii held a symposium about her research; an exhibition of Dunham's Indonesian batik textile collection toured the United States; and in December 2009, Duke University Press published Surviving against the Odds: Village Industry in Indonesia, a book based on Dunham's original 1992 dissertation. Janny Scott, an author and former New York Times reporter, published a biography about Ann Dunham's life titled A Singular Woman in 2011. Posthumous interest has also led to the creation of The Ann Dunham Soetoro Endowment in the Anthropology Department at the University of HawaiÊ>>i at MÄnoa, as well as the Ann Dunham Soetoro Graduate Fellowships, intended to fund students associated with the East''West Center (EWC) in Honolulu, Hawaii.[5]
    In an interview, Barack Obama referred to his mother as "the dominant figure in my formative years ... The values she taught me continue to be my touchstone when it comes to how I go about the world of politics."[6]
    Early life [ edit ] Stanley Ann Dunham was born on November 29, 1942, at Saint Francis Hospital in Wichita, Kansas,[7] the only child of Madelyn Lee Payne and Stanley Armour Dunham.[8] She was of predominantly English ancestry, with some Scottish, Welsh, Irish, German and Swiss.[9] Wild Bill Hickok is her sixth cousin, five times removed.[10] Ancestry.com announced on July 30, 2012, after using a combination of old documents and yDNA analysis, that Dunham's mother was descended from African John Punch, who was an indentured servant/slave in seventeenth-century colonial Virginia.[11][12]
    Her parents were born in Kansas and met in Wichita, where they married on May 5, 1940.[13] After the attack on Pearl Harbor, her father joined the United States Army and her mother worked at a Boeing plant in Wichita.[14] According to Dunham, she was named after her father because he wanted a son, though her relatives doubt this story and her maternal uncle recalled that her mother named Dunham after her favorite actress Bette Davis' character in the film In This Our Life because she thought Stanley, as a girl's name, sounded sophisticated.[15] As a child and teenager she was known as Stanley.[2] Other children teased her about her name but she used it through high school, "apologizing for it each time she introduced herself in a new town".[16] By the time Dunham began attending college, she was known by her middle name, Ann, instead.[2] After World War II, Dunham's family moved from Wichita to California while her father attended the University of California, Berkeley. In 1948, they moved to Ponca City, Oklahoma, and from there to Vernon, Texas, and then to El Dorado, Kansas.[17] In 1955, the family moved to Seattle, Washington, where her father was employed as a furniture salesman and her mother worked as vice president of a bank. They lived in an apartment complex in the Wedgwood neighborhood where she attended Nathan Eckstein Junior High School.[18]
    In 1956, Dunham's family moved to Mercer Island, an Eastside suburb of Seattle. Dunham's parents wanted their 13-year-old daughter to attend the newly opened Mercer Island High School.[6] At the school, teachers Val Foubert and Jim Wichterman taught the importance of challenging social norms and questioning authority to the young Dunham, and she took the lessons to heart: "She felt she didn't need to date or marry or have children." One classmate remembered her as "intellectually way more mature than we were and a little bit ahead of her time, in an off-center way",[6] and a high school friend described her as knowledgeable and progressive: "If you were concerned about something going wrong in the world, Stanley would know about it first. We were liberals before we knew what liberals were." Another called her "the original feminist".[6]
    Family life and marriages [ edit ] Stanley Armour Dunham, Ann Dunham, Maya Soetoro and Barack Obama, mid-1970s (l to r)
    On August 21, 1959, Hawaii became the 50th state to be admitted into the Union. Dunham's parents sought business opportunities in the new state, and after graduating from high school in 1960, Dunham and her family moved to Honolulu. Dunham soon enrolled at the University of Hawaii at MÄnoa.
    First marriage [ edit ] While attending a Russian language class, Dunham met Barack Obama Sr., the school's first African student.[19][20] At the age of 23, Obama Sr. had come to Hawaii to pursue his education, leaving behind a pregnant wife and infant son in his home town of Nyang'oma Kogelo in Kenya. Dunham and Obama Sr. were married on the Hawaiian island of Maui on February 2, 1961, despite parental opposition from both families.[6][21] Dunham was three months pregnant.[6][16] Obama Sr. eventually informed Dunham about his first marriage in Kenya but claimed he was divorced. Years later, she would discover this was false.[20] Obama Sr.'s first wife, Kezia, later said she had granted her consent for him to marry a second wife, in keeping with Luo customs.[22]
    On August 4, 1961, at the age of 18, Dunham gave birth to her first child, Barack Obama II.[23] Friends in the state of Washington recall her visiting with her month-old baby in 1961.[24][25][26][27][28]She studied at the University of Washington from September 1961 to June 1962, and lived as a single mother in the Capitol Hill neighborhood of Seattle with her son while her husband continued his studies in Hawaii.[18][25][29][30][31] When Obama Sr. graduated from the University of Hawaii in June 1962, he was offered a scholarship to study in New York City,[32] but declined it, preferring to attend the more prestigious Harvard University.[21] He left for Cambridge, Massachusetts, where he would begin graduate study at Harvard in the fall of 1962.[20] Dunham returned to Honolulu and resumed her undergraduate education at the University of Hawaii with the spring semester in January 1963. During this time, her parents helped her raise the young Obama. Dunham filed for divorce in January 1964, which Obama Sr. did not contest.[16] In December 1964, Obama Sr. married Ruth Baker, a Jewish American of Lithuanian heritage; they were separated in 1971 and divorced in 1973 after having two sons. In 1965, Obama Sr. received a MA in economics from Harvard.[33] In 1971, he came to Hawaii for a month and visited his son Barack, then 10 years old; it was the last time he would see his son, and their only major personal interaction. In 1982, Obama Sr. was killed in a car accident.
    Second marriage [ edit ] It was at the East''West Center that Dunham met Lolo Soetoro,[34] a Javanese[4] surveyor who had come to Honolulu in September 1962 on an East''West Center grant to study geography at the University of Hawaii. Soetoro graduated from the University of Hawaii with an MA in geography in June 1964. In 1965, Soetoro and Dunham were married in Hawaii, and in 1966, Soetoro returned to Indonesia. Dunham graduated from the University of Hawaii with a B.A. in anthropology on August 6, 1967, and moved in October the same year with her six-year-old son to Jakarta, Indonesia, to rejoin her husband.[35]
    In Indonesia, Soetoro worked first as a low-paid topographical surveyor for the Indonesian government, and later in the government relations office of Union Oil Company.[20][36] The family first lived at 16 Kyai Haji Ramli Tengah Street in a newly built neighborhood in the Menteng Dalam administrative village of the Tebet subdistrict in South Jakarta for two and a half years, with her son attending the nearby Indonesian-language Santo Fransiskus Asisi (St. Francis of Assisi) Catholic School for 1st, 2nd, and part of 3rd grade, then in 1970 moved two miles north to 22 Taman Amir Hamzah Street in the Matraman Dalam neighborhood in the Pegangsaan administrative village of the Menteng subdistrict in Central Jakarta, with her son attending the Indonesian-language government-run Besuki School one and half miles east in the exclusive Menteng administrative village of the Menteng subdistrict for part of 3rd grade and for 4th grade.[37][38] On August 15, 1970, Soetoro and Dunham had a daughter, Maya Kassandra Soetoro.[13]
    In Indonesia, Dunham enriched her son's education with correspondence courses in English, recordings of Mahalia Jackson, and speeches by Martin Luther King Jr. In 1971, she sent the young Obama back to Hawaii to attend Punahou School starting in 5th grade rather than having him stay in Indonesia with her.[35] Madelyn Dunham's job at the Bank of Hawaii, where she had worked her way up over a decade from clerk to becoming one of its first two female vice presidents in 1970, helped pay the steep tuition,[39] with some assistance from a scholarship.[40]
    A year later, in August 1972, Dunham and her daughter moved back to Hawaii to rejoin her son and begin graduate study in anthropology at the University of Hawaii at Manoa. Dunham's graduate work was supported by an Asia Foundation grant from August 1972 to July 1973 and by an East''West Center Technology and Development Institute grant from August 1973 to December 1978.[41]
    Dunham completed her coursework at the University of Hawaii for an M.A. in anthropology in December 1974,[4] and after having spent three years in Hawaii, Dunham, accompanied by her daughter Maya, returned to Indonesia in 1975 to do anthropological field work.[41][42] Her son chose not to go with them back to Indonesia, preferring to finish high school at Punahou School in Honolulu while living with his grandparents.[43] Lolo Soetoro and Dunham divorced on November 5, 1980; Lolo Soetoro married Erna Kustina in 1980 and had two children, a son, Yusuf Aji Soetoro (born 1981), and daughter, Rahayu Nurmaida Soetoro (born 1987). Lolo Soetoro died, age 52, on March 2, 1987, due to liver failure.[44]
    Dunham was not estranged from either ex-husband and encouraged her children to feel connected to their fathers.[45]
    Professional life [ edit ] From January 1968 to December 1969, Dunham taught English and was an assistant director of the Lembaga Persahabatan Indonesia Amerika (LIA)''the Indonesia-America Friendship Institute at 9 Teuku Umar Street in the Gondangdia administrative village of the Menteng subdistrict in Central Jakarta''which was subsidized by the United States government.[41] From January 1970 to August 1972, Dunham taught English and was a department head and a director of the Lembaga Pendidikan dan Pengembangan Manajemen (LPPM)''the Institute of Management Education and Development at 9 Menteng Raya Street in the Kebon Sirih administrative village of the Menteng subdistrict in Central Jakarta.[41]
    From 1968 to 1972, Dunham was a co-founder and active member of the Ganesha Volunteers (Indonesian Heritage Society) at the National Museum in Jakarta.[41][46] From 1972 to 1975, Dunham was crafts instructor (in weaving, batik, and dye) at the Bishop Museum in Honolulu.[41]
    Dunham then had a career in rural development, championing women's work and microcredit for the world's poor and worked with leaders from organizations supporting Indonesian human rights, women's rights, and grass-roots development.[35]
    In March 1977, Dunham, under the supervision of agricultural economics professor Leon A. Mears, developed and taught a short lecture course at the Faculty of Economics of the University of Indonesia (FEUI) in Jakarta for staff members of BAPPENAS (Badan Perencanaan Pembangunan Nasional)'--the Indonesian National Development Planning Agency.[41]
    From June 1977 through September 1978, Dunham carried out research on village industries in the Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta (DIY)'--the Yogyakarta Special Region within Central Java in Indonesia under a student grant from the East''West Center.[47] As a weaver herself, Dunham was interested in village industries, and moved to Yogyakarta City, the center of Javanese handicrafts.[42][48]
    In May and June 1978, Dunham was a short-term consultant in the office of the International Labour Organization (ILO) in Jakarta, writing recommendations on village industries and other non-agricultural enterprises for the Indonesian government's third five-year development plan (REPELITA III).[41][47]
    From October 1978 to December 1980, Dunham was a rural industries consultant in Central Java on the Indonesian Ministry of Industry's Provincial Development Program (PDP I), funded by USAID in Jakarta and implemented through Development Alternatives, Inc. (DAI).[41][47]
    From January 1981 to November 1984, Dunham was the program officer for women and employment in the Ford Foundation's Southeast Asia regional office in Jakarta.[41][47] While at the Ford Foundation, she developed a model of microfinance which is now the standard in Indonesia, a country that is a world leader in micro-credit systems.[49] Peter Geithner, father of Tim Geithner (who later became U.S. Secretary of the Treasury in her son's administration), was head of the foundation's Asia grant-making at that time.[50]
    From May to November 1986 and from August to November 1987, Dunham was a cottage industries development consultant for the Agricultural Development Bank of Pakistan (ADBP) under the Gujranwala Integrated Rural Development Project (GADP).[41][47] The credit component of the project was implemented in the Gujranwala district of the Punjab province of Pakistan with funding from the Asian Development Bank and IFAD, with the credit component implemented through Louis Berger International, Inc.[41][47] Dunham worked closely with the Lahore office of the Punjab Small Industries Corporation (PSIC).[41][47]
    From January 1988 to 1995, Dunham was a consultant and research coordinator for Indonesia's oldest bank, Bank Rakyat Indonesia (BRI) in Jakarta, with her work funded by USAID and the World Bank.[41][47] In March 1993, Dunham was a research and policy coordinator for Women's World Banking (WWB) in New York.[41] She helped WWB manage the Expert Group Meeting on Women and Finance in New York in January 1994, and helped the WWB take prominent roles in the UN's Fourth World Conference on Women held September 4''15, 1995 in Beijing, and in the UN regional conferences and NGO forums that preceded it.[41]
    On August 9, 1992, she was awarded PhD in anthropology from the University of Hawaii, under the supervision of Prof. Alice G. Dewey, with a 1,043-page dissertation[51] titled Peasant blacksmithing in Indonesia: surviving and thriving against all odds.[52] Anthropologist Michael Dove described the dissertation as "a classic, in-depth, on-the-ground anthropological study of a 1,200-year-old industry".[53] According to Dove, Dunham's dissertation challenged popular perceptions regarding economically and politically marginalized groups, and countered the notions that the roots of poverty lie with the poor themselves and that cultural differences are responsible for the gap between less-developed countries and the industrialized West.[53] According to Dove, Dunham
    found that the villagers she studied in Central Java had many of the same economic needs, beliefs and aspirations as the most capitalist of Westerners. Village craftsmen were "keenly interested in profits", she wrote, and entrepreneurship was "in plentiful supply in rural Indonesia", having been "part of the traditional culture" there for a millennium.Based on these observations, Dr. Soetoro concluded that underdevelopment in these communities resulted from a scarcity of capital, the allocation of which was a matter of politics, not culture. Antipoverty programs that ignored this reality had the potential, perversely, of exacerbating inequality because they would only reinforce the power of elites. As she wrote in her dissertation, "many government programs inadvertently foster stratification by channeling resources through village officials", who then used the money to strengthen their own status further.[53]
    Illness and death [ edit ] In late 1994, Dunham was living and working in Indonesia. One night, during dinner at a friend's house in Jakarta, she experienced stomach pain. A visit to a local physician led to an initial diagnosis of indigestion.[16] Dunham returned to the United States in early 1995 and was examined at the Memorial Sloan''Kettering Cancer Center in New York City and diagnosed with uterine cancer. By this time, the cancer had spread to her ovaries.[20] She moved back to Hawaii to live near her widowed mother and died on November 7, 1995, 22 days short of her 53rd birthday.[54][55][35][56][57] Following a memorial service at the University of Hawaii, Obama and his sister spread their mother's ashes in the Pacific Ocean at Lanai Lookout on the south side of Oahu.[35] Obama scattered the ashes of his grandmother Madelyn Dunham in the same spot on December 23, 2008, weeks after his election to the presidency.[58]
    Obama talked about Dunham's death in a 30-second campaign advertisement ("Mother") arguing for health care reform. The ad featured a photograph of Dunham holding a young Obama in her arms as Obama talks about her last days worrying about expensive medical bills.[57] The topic also came up in a 2007 speech in Santa Barbara:[57]
    I remember my mother. She was 52 years old when she died of ovarian cancer, and you know what she was thinking about in the last months of her life? She wasn't thinking about getting well. She wasn't thinking about coming to terms with her own mortality. She had been diagnosed just as she was transitioning between jobs. And she wasn't sure whether insurance was going to cover the medical expenses because they might consider this a preexisting condition. I remember just being heartbroken, seeing her struggle through the paperwork and the medical bills and the insurance forms. So, I have seen what it's like when somebody you love is suffering because of a broken health care system. And it's wrong. It's not who we are as a people.[57]
    Dunham's employer-provided health insurance covered most of the costs of her medical treatment, leaving her to pay the deductible and uncovered expenses, which came to several hundred dollars per month.[59] Her employer-provided disability insurance denied her claims for uncovered expenses because the insurance company said her cancer was a preexisting condition.[59]
    Posthumous interest [ edit ] In September 2008, the University of Hawaii at MÄnoa held a symposium about Dunham.[60] In December 2009, Duke University Press published a version of Dunham's dissertation titled Surviving against the Odds: Village Industry in Indonesia. The book was revised and edited by Dunham's graduate advisor, Alice G. Dewey, and Nancy I. Cooper. Dunham's daughter, Maya Soetoro-Ng, wrote the foreword for the book. In his afterword, Boston University anthropologist Robert W. Hefner describes Dunham's research as "prescient" and her legacy as "relevant today for anthropology, Indonesian studies, and engaged scholarship".[61] The book was launched at the 2009 annual meeting of the American Anthropological Association in Philadelphia with a special Presidential Panel on Dunham's work; The 2009 meeting was taped by C-SPAN.[62]
    In 2009, an exhibition of Dunham's Javanese batik textile collection (A Lady Found a Culture in its Cloth: Barack Obama's Mother and Indonesian Batiks) toured six museums in the United States, finishing the tour at the Textile Museum of Washington, D.C., in August.[63] Early in her life, Dunham explored her interest in the textile arts as a weaver, creating wall hangings for her own enjoyment. After moving to Indonesia, she was attracted to the striking textile art of the batik and began to collect a variety of different fabrics.[64]
    In December 2010 Dunham was awarded the Bintang Jasa Utama, Indonesia's highest civilian award; the Bintang Jasa is awarded at three levels, and is presented to those individuals who have made notable civic and cultural contributions.[65]
    A lengthy major biography of Dunham by former New York Times reporter Janny Scott, titled A Singular Woman, was published in 2011.
    The University of Hawaii Foundation has established the Ann Dunham Soetoro Endowment, which supports a faculty position housed in the Anthropology Department at the University of HawaiÊ>>i at MÄnoa, and the Ann Dunham Soetoro Graduate Fellowships, providing funding for students associated with the East''West Center (EWC) in Honolulu, Hawaii.[5]
    In 2010 the Stanley Ann Dunham Scholarship was established for young women graduating from Mercer Island High School, Ann's alma mater. In its first six years the scholarship fund has awarded eleven college scholarships.[66]
    On January 1, 2012, President Obama and family visited an exhibition of his mother's anthropological work on display at the East''West Center.[67]
    Filmmaker Vivian Norris's feature length biographical film of Ann Dunham entitled Obama Mama (La m¨re d'Obama-French title) premiered on May 31, 2014, as part of the 40th annual Seattle International Film Festival, not far from where Dunham grew up on Mercer Island.[68]
    Personal beliefs [ edit ] In his 1995 memoir Dreams from My Father, Barack Obama wrote, "My mother's confidence in needlepoint virtues depended on a faith I didn't possess... In a land [Indonesia] where fatalism remained a necessary tool for enduring hardship ... she was a lonely witness for secular humanism, a soldier for New Deal, Peace Corps, position-paper liberalism."[69] In his 2006 book The Audacity of Hope Obama wrote, "I was not raised in a religious household ... My mother's own experiences ... only reinforced this inherited skepticism. Her memories of the Christians who populated her youth were not fond ones ... And yet for all her professed secularism, my mother was in many ways the most spiritually awakened person that I've ever known."[70] "Religion for her was "just one of the many ways'--and not necessarily the best way'--that man attempted to control the unknowable and understand the deeper truths about our lives," Obama wrote:[71]
    She felt that somehow, wandering through uncharted territory, we might stumble upon something that will, in an instant, seem to represent who we are at the core. That was very much her philosophy of life'--to not be limited by fear or narrow definitions, to not build walls around ourselves and to do our best to find kinship and beauty in unexpected places.'--Maya Soetoro-Ng[35]
    Dunham's best friend in high school, Maxine Box, said that Dunham "touted herself as an atheist, and it was something she'd read about and could argue. She was always challenging and arguing and comparing. She was already thinking about things that the rest of us hadn't."[6][72] On the other hand, Dunham's daughter, Maya Soetoro-Ng, when asked later if her mother was an atheist, said, "I wouldn't have called her an atheist. She was an agnostic. She basically gave us all the good books'--the Bible, the Hindu Upanishads and the Buddhist scripture, the Tao Te Ching'--and wanted us to recognize that everyone has something beautiful to contribute."[34] "Jesus, she felt, was a wonderful example. But she felt that a lot of Christians behaved in un-Christian ways."[71]
    In a 2007 speech, Obama contrasted the beliefs of his mother to those of her parents, and commented on her spirituality and skepticism: "My mother, whose parents were nonpracticing Baptists and Methodists, was one of the most spiritual souls I ever knew. But she had a healthy skepticism of religion as an institution."[16]
    Obama also described his own beliefs in relation to the religious upbringing of his mother and father:
    My father was from Kenya and a lot of people in his village were Muslim. He didn't practice Islam. Truth is he wasn't very religious. He met my mother. My mother was a Christian from Kansas, and they married and then divorced. I was raised by my mother. So, I've always been a Christian. The only connection I've had to Islam is that my grandfather on my father's side came from that country. But I've never practiced Islam.[73]
    Publications [ edit ] Dunham, S Ann (1982). Civil rights of working Indonesian women. OCLC 428080409. Dunham, S Ann (1982). The effects of industrialization on women workers in Indonesia. OCLC 428078083. Dunham, S Ann (1982). Women's work in village industries on Java. OCLC 663711102. Dunham, S Ann (1983). Women's economic activities in North Coast fishing communities: background for a proposal from PPA. OCLC 428080414. Dunham, S Ann; Haryanto, Roes (1990). BRI Briefing Booklet: KUPEDES Development Impact Survey. Jakarta: Bank Rakyat Indonesia. Dunham, S Ann (1992). Peasant blacksmithing in Indonesia : surviving against all odds (Thesis). Honolulu: University of HawaiÊ>>i at MÄnoa. OCLC 608906279, 607863728, 221709485. Dunham, S Ann; Liputo, Yuliani; Prabantoro, Andityas (2008). Pendekar-pendekar besi Nusantara : kajian antropologi tentang pandai besi tradisional di Indonesia [Nusantara iron warriors: an anthropological study of traditional blacksmiths in Indonesia] (in Indonesian). Bandung, Indonesia: Mizan. ISBN 9789794335345. OCLC 778260082. Dunham, S Ann (2010) [2009]. Dewey, Alice G; Cooper, Nancy I (eds.). Surviving against the odds : village industry in Indonesia. Foreword by Maya Soetoro-Ng; afterword by Robert W. Hefner. Durham, NC: Duke University Press. ISBN 9780822346876. OCLC 492379459, 652066335. Dunham, S Ann; Ghildyal, Anita (2012). Ann Dunham's legacy : a collection of Indonesian batik. Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia: Islamic Arts Museum Malaysia. ISBN 9789834469672. OCLC 809731662. References [ edit ] ^ "S. Ann Dunham '' Surviving against the Odds: Village Industry in Indonesia". Dukeupress.edu . Retrieved August 20, 2014 . ^ a b c Scott (2011), p. 6 Anyone writing about Dunham's life must address the question of what to call her. She was Stanley Ann Dunham at birth and Stanley Ann as a child, but dropped the Stanley upon graduating from high school. She was Ann Dunham, then Ann Obama, then Ann Soetoro until her second divorce. Then she kept her husband's name but modernized the spelling to Sutoro. In the early 1980s, she was Ann Sutoro, Ann Dunham Sutoro, S. Ann Dunham Sutoro. In conversation, Indonesians who worked with her in the late 1980s and early 1990s referred to her as Ann Dunham, putting the emphasis on the second syllable of the surname. Toward the end of her life, she signed her dissertation S. Ann Dunham and official correspondence (Stanley) Ann Dunham. p. 363 :
    modernized the spelling: The spelling of certain Indonesian words changed after Indonesia gained its independence from the Dutch in 1949, and again under a 1972 agreement between Indonesia and Malaysia... Names containing oe,... are now often spelled with a u... However, older spellings are still used in some personal names... After her divorce from Lolo Soetoro, Ann Dunham kept his last name for a number of years while she was still working in Indonesia, but she changed the spelling to Sutoro. Their daughter, Maya Soetoro-Ng, chose to keep the traditional spelling of her Indonesian surname.
    ^ The University of Hawaii at Manoa Department of Anthropology says Ann Dunham received a B.A. in anthropology in August 1967 and contemporaneous correspondence in 1966 and 1967 between S. Ann Soetoro and the INS makes repeated references to her obtaining a BA in anthropology in 1967. ^ a b c d Dewey, Alice; White, Geoffrey (November 2008). "Ann Dunham: a personal reflection". Anthropology News. 49 (8): 20. doi:10.1111/an.2008.49.8.20. Archived from the original on June 10, 2010 . Retrieved August 23, 2009 . reprinted by:"Spotlight on Alumni: EWC Alumna Ann Dunham'-- Mother to President Obama and Champion of Women's Rights and Economic Justice". Honolulu, HI: East''West Center. December 9, 2008. Archived from the original on October 12, 2012 . Retrieved March 9, 2013 . ^ a b "The Ann Dunham Soetoro Endowed Fund" . Retrieved January 2, 2012 . ^ a b c d e f g Jones, Tim (March 27, 2007). "Barack Obama: mother not just a girl from Kansas; Stanley Ann Dunham shaped a future senator". Chicago Tribune. p. 1 (Tempo). Archived from the original on April 2, 2012 . Retrieved February 16, 2009 . . (March 27, 2007). "Video: Reflections on Obama's mother (02:34)". Chicago Tribune. Archived from the original on March 29, 2009 . Retrieved February 16, 2009 . CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link) . (March 27, 2007). "Video: Jim Wichterman reflects on his former student (02:03)". Chicago Tribune. Archived from the original on March 29, 2009 . Retrieved February 16, 2009 . CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link) . (March 27, 2007). "Video: She changed his diapers (01:02)". Chicago Tribune. Archived from the original on March 30, 2009 . Retrieved February 16, 2009 . CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link) ^ Peters, Susan (January 27, 2009). "President Obama: from Kansas to the capital, part II (video at videosurf.com)". Wichita: KAKE 10 News (ABC). Archived from the original on May 6, 2010 . Retrieved September 12, 2009 . ^ "Partial ancestor table: President Barack Hussein Obama, Jr" (PDF) . Boston: New England Historic Genealogical Society. 2009. Archived from the original (PDF) on March 19, 2010 . Retrieved June 11, 2009 . Peters, Susan (January 27, 2009). "President Obama: from Kansas to the capital". Wichita: KAKE 10 News (ABC). Archived from the original on July 1, 2009 . Retrieved July 29, 2009 . ^ Smolenyak, Megan Smolenyak (November''December 2008). "The quest for Obama's Irish roots". Ancestry. 26 (6): 46''47, 49. ISSN 1075-475X . Retrieved December 20, 2011 . Smolenyak, Megan (May 9, 2011). "Tracing Barack Obama's Roots to Moneygall". The Huffington Post . Retrieved May 19, 2011 . Rising, David; Noelting, Christoph (Associated Press) (June 4, 2009). "Researchers: Obama has German roots". USAToday.com . Retrieved May 13, 2010 . CS1 maint: uses authors parameter (link) Hutton, Brian; Nickerson, Matthew (May 3, 2007). "For sure, Obama's South Side Irish; One of his roots traces back to small village" (paid archive) . Chicago Sun-Times. Press Association of Ireland. p. 3 . Retrieved November 24, 2008 . Jordon, Mary (May 13, 2007). "Tiny Irish village is latest place to claim Obama as its own". The Washington Post. p. A14 . Retrieved May 13, 2007 . David Williamson (July 5, 2008). "Wales link in US presidential candidate's past". www.walesonline.co.uk. Archived from the original on May 21, 2011 . Retrieved April 30, 2011 . ^ Boston Genealogical Society Confirms Obama and "Wild Bill" Hickok Are Cousins New England HistoricGenealogical Society, July 30, 2008. ^ "Press Release: Ancestry.com Discovers President Obama Related to First Documented Slave in America: Research Connects First African-American President to First African Slave in the American Colonies" (PDF) . Archived from the original (PDF) on November 20, 2012 . Retrieved March 24, 2013 . ^ Harman, Anatasia; Cottrill, Natalie D.; Reed, Paul C.; Shumway, Joseph (July 15, 2012). "Documenting President Barack Obama's Maternal African-American Ancestry:Tracing His Mother's Bunch Ancestry to the First Slave in America" (PDF) . Ancestry.com . Retrieved September 10, 2013 . Most people will be surprised to learn that U.S. President Barack Obama has African-American ancestry through his mother. ^ a b Fornek, Scott; Good, Greg (September 9, 2007). "The Obama family tree" (PDF) . Chicago Sun-Times. p. 2B. Archived from the original (PDF) on June 25, 2008 . Retrieved February 13, 2009 . ^ Nakaso, Dan (November 4, 2008). "Barack Obama's grandma, 86, dies of cancer before election". The Honolulu Advertiser . Retrieved February 13, 2009 . Nakaso, Dan (November 11, 2008). "Day, time of Dunham death clarified". The Honolulu Advertiser . Retrieved February 13, 2009 . ^ Scott (2011), pp. 41''42 .Maraniss (2012), p. 68 A woman named Stanley: "Madelyn thought that was the height of sophistication!" recalled her brother Charles Payne, and the notion of giving her baby girl that name took hold. The coincidence that her husband was also Stanley only deepened the association.
    ^ a b c d e Ripley, Amanda (April 9, 2008). "The story of Barack Obama's mother". Time. Archived from the original on April 1, 2012 . Retrieved August 27, 2009 . Ripley, Amanda (April 21, 2008). "A mother's story". Time. 171 (16): 36''40, 42. ^ Jones 2007. See also: "Obama's grandparents, mother lived in Oklahoma". Tulsa: KOTV 6 News (CBS). Associated Press. February 8, 2009. Archived from the original on July 30, 2018 . Retrieved December 30, 2010 . Also: Stewart, Linda (February 15, 2009). " ' Connections everywhere': Barack Obama's mother spent time in Vernon as child". Times Record News. Wichita Falls . Retrieved January 29, 2011 . ^ a b Dougherty, Phil (February 7, 2009). "Stanley Ann Dunham, mother of Barack Obama, graduates from Mercer Island High School in 1960". Seattle: HistoryLink.org. Archived from the original on June 4, 2011 . Retrieved February 13, 2009 . ^ Obama, Barack (2004) [1995]. Dreams from my father: a story of race and inheritance. New York: Three Rivers Press. p. 9. ISBN 978-1-4000-8277-3. Mendell (2007), p. 27.Glauberman, Stu; Burris, Jerry (2008). The dream begins: how Hawai'i shaped Barack Obama. Honolulu: Watermark Publishing. p. 25. ISBN 978-0-9815086-8-9. Jacobs, Sally (September 21, 2008). "A father's charm, absence; friends recall Barack Obama Sr. as a self-confident, complex dreamer whose promising life ended in tragedy". The Boston Globe. p. 1A . Retrieved December 5, 2008 . ^ a b c d e Maraniss, David (August 22, 2008). "Though Obama had to leave to find himself, it is Hawaii that made his rise possible". Washington Post . Retrieved December 5, 2008 . (online)Maraniss, David (August 24, 2008). "Though Obama had to leave to find himself, it is Hawaii that made his rise possible". The Washington Post. p. A22. (print) ^ a b Meacham, Jon (August 23, 2008). "On his own". newsweek.com. Archived from the original on July 23, 2010 . Retrieved July 27, 2010 . (online)Meacham, Jon (September 1, 2008). "On his own". Newsweek. 152 (9): 26''36. ("Special Democratic Convention issue") (print) ^ Oywa, John (November 10, 2008). "Keziah Obama: My life with Obama Senior". The Standard (Kenya). in keeping with the Luo customs, Obama Senior sought her consent to take another wife, which she granted. ^ Henig, Jess; Miller, Joe (August 21, 2008). "Born in the U.S.A." Washington, D.C.: FactCheck.org. Archived from the original on October 25, 2008 . Retrieved October 24, 2008 . ^ Brodeur, Nicole (February 5, 2008). "Memories of Obama's mother". The Seattle Times. p. B1. Archived from the original on February 24, 2009 . Retrieved February 13, 2009 . Box last saw her friend in 1961, when she visited Seattle... ^ a b Martin, Jonathan (April 8, 2008). "Obama's mother known here as "uncommon " ". The Seattle Times. p. A1. Archived from the original on February 7, 2009 . Retrieved February 13, 2009 . Regarding the 1961 visit to Washington state: "Susan Blake,[Botkin] another high-school classmate, said that during a brief visit in 1961, Dunham was excited about her husband's plans to return to Kenya."Regarding her enrollment at University of Washington: "By 1962, Dunham had returned to Seattle as a single mother, enrolling in the UW for spring quarter and living in an apartment on Capitol Hill." ^ Montgomery, Rick (May 26, 2008). "Barack Obama's mother wasn't just a girl from Kansas". The Kansas City Star. p. A1 . Retrieved February 13, 2009 . But all doubts dissipated when she passed through Mercer Island in 1961 with her month-old son. ^ . (March 27, 2007). "Video: She changed his diapers (01:02)". Chicago Tribune. Archived from the original on March 30, 2009 . Retrieved February 16, 2009 . CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link) Susan Blake [Botkin] (Stanley Ann Dunham's high school classmate) ^ At some point, she gave her old friends the impression that she was on her way to visit her husband at Harvard (where he would not enroll until the fall of 1962). See Maraniss August 22, 2008. ^ LeFevre, Charlette (January 9, 2009). "Barack Obama: from Capitol Hill to Capitol Hill". Capitol Hill Times. Archived from the original on February 27, 2015 . Retrieved March 9, 2013 . A single mother who enrolled in the University of Washington in 1961 and signed up for 1962 extension program, she likely came across many social prejudices in the predominantly all-white campus ... Recently located was a listing for Stanley Ann Obama in the 1961 Polk directory at the Seattle Public Library. ^ LeFevre, Charlette; Lipson, Philip (January 28, 2009). "Baby sitting Barack Obama on Seattle's Capitol Hill". Seattle Museum of the Mysteries, 2009-02-06 on p. 3 of the Seattle Gay News. Archived from the original on March 30, 2009 . Retrieved February 13, 2009 . CS1 maint: uses authors parameter (link) LeFevre and Lipson wrote: Mary Toutonghi ... recalls as best she can the dates she baby sat Barack as her daughter was 18 months old and was born in July of 1959 and that would have placed the months of babysitting Barack in January and February of 1962 ... Anna was taking night classes at the University of Washington, and according to the University of Washington's registrar's office her major was listed as history. She was enrolled at the University of Washington in the fall of 1961, took a full course load in the spring of 1962 and had her transcript transferred to the University of Hawaii in the fall of 1962. Along with the Seattle Polk Directory, Marc Leavipp of the University of Washington Registrar's office confirms 516 13th Ave. E. was the address Ann Dunham had given upon registering at the University.
    Both Anna Obama and Joseph Toutonghi were listed as residing at the same address, in the Seattle Reverse Directory, 1961''1962. See:Dougherty, Phil (February 7, 2009). "Stanley Ann Dunham, mother of Barack Obama, graduates from Mercer Island High School in 1960". Seattle: HistoryLink.org. Archived from the original on June 4, 2011 . Retrieved February 13, 2009 . ^ Neyman, Jenny (January 20, 2009). "Obama baby sitter awaits new era'--Soldotna woman eager for former charge's reign". Redoubt Reporter . Retrieved February 13, 2009 . ^ One source says the scholarship was for New York University:Meacham, Jon (August 23, 2008). "On his own". Newsweek . Retrieved November 14, 2008 . ; others say it was for the New School for Social Research, e.g.:Maraniss, David (August 22, 2008). "Though Obama had to leave to find himself, it is Hawaii that made his rise possible". The Washington Post . Retrieved November 14, 2008 . Ripley, Amanda (April 9, 2008). "The story of Barack Obama's mother". Time. Archived from the original on February 9, 2009 . Retrieved February 13, 2009 . ^ . (1986). Harvard alumni directory, vol. 1 (17th ed.). Boston: Harvard Alumni Association. ISSN 0895-1683. CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link) ^ a b Solomon, Deborah (January 20, 2008). "Questions for Maya Soetoro-Ng: All in the family". The New York Times Magazine. p. 17. Archived from the original on February 12, 2009 . Retrieved February 13, 2009 . ^ a b c d e f Scott, Janny (March 14, 2008). "A free-spirited wanderer who set Obama's path". The New York Times. p. A1 . Retrieved February 13, 2009 . ^ Nakaso, Dan (September 12, 2008). "Obama's mother's work focus of UH seminar". The Honolulu Advertiser. p. 1A. Archived from the original on October 12, 2011 . Retrieved May 10, 2011 . Habib, Ridlawn (November 11, 2008). "Kalau ke Jogja, Barry bisa habiskan seekor ayam baceman (If traveling to Yogyakarta, Barry can eat one whole chicken)". Jawa Pos (in Indonesian). Surabya . Retrieved May 10, 2011 . Google Translate's English translationScott, Janny (2011). A singular woman: the untold story of Barack Obama's mother. New York: Riverhead Books. p. 113. ISBN 978-1-59448-797-2. When Lolo completed his military service, Trisulo, who was married to Lolo's sister, Soewardinah, used his contacts with foreign oil companies doing business in Indonesia, he told me, to help Lolo get a job in the Jakarta office of the Union Oil Company of California. ^ Higgins, Andrew (April 9, 2010). "Catholic school in Indonesia seeks recognition for its role in Obama's life". The Washington Post. p. A1 . Retrieved January 1, 2011 . ^ Onishi, Norimitsu (November 9, 2010). "Obama visits a nation that knew him as Barry". The New York Times. p. A14 . Retrieved January 1, 2011 . ^ Mendell (2007), p. 36. ^ Tani, Carlyn (Spring 2007). "A kid called Barry: Barack Obama '79". Punahou Bulletin. Archived from the original on May 27, 2010 . Retrieved April 1, 2008 . ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p Dunham, S. Ann (2008). "Tentang penulis (About the author)". Pendekar-pendekar besi Nusantara: kajian antropologi tentang pandai besi tradisional di Indonesia (Peasant blacksmithing in Indonesia: surviving and thriving against all odds). Bandung: Mizan. pp. 211''219. ISBN 978-979-433-534-5. ^ a b Dunham, S. Ann; Dewey, Alice G.; Cooper, Nancy I. (2009). "January 8, 1976, letter from Ann Dunham Soetoro (Jl. Polowijan 3, Kraton, Yogyakarta) to Prof. Alice G. Dewey (Univ. of Hawaii, Honolulu)". Surviving against the odds: village industry in Indonesia. Durham, N.C.: Duke University Press. pp. xli''xliv. ISBN 978-0-8223-4687-6. Actually I had hoped to move to Jogja at midyear, but was unable to win a contract release from my old school in Jakarta (they sponsored me via an Asia Foundation grant for my first two years in Hawaii). As it turns out, however, I had plenty to do to keep me busy in W. Java, and was able to carry out reasonably complete surveys of 3 village areas within radius of Jakarta.At present I am staying with my mother-in-law on the corner of Taman Sari inside the Benteng, but according to old law foreigners are not allowed to live inside the Benteng. I had to get a special dispensation from the kraton on the grounds that I am "djaga-ing" my mother-in-law (she is 76 and strong as a horse but manages to look nice and frail). In June I am having Barry come over for the summer, however, and will probably need to find another place, since I don't think I can stretch an excuse and say we are both needed to djaga my mother-in-law.
    ^ Mendell (2007), p. 43. ^ Habib, Ridlawn (November 6, 2008). "Keluarga besar Lolo Soetoro, kerabat dekat calon Presiden Amerika di Jakarta (Lolo Soetoro's extended family, close relatives to American Presidential nominee in Jakarta)". Jawa Pos . Retrieved January 1, 2011 . ^ Staunton, Denis (November 6, 2008). "Easy-going youth who put passion into politics". The Irish Times. p. 51 . Retrieved August 21, 2009 . ^ Van Dam, Emma (September 28, 2009). "Exploring the 'real' Indonesia with the Heritage Society". The Jakarta Post . Retrieved January 1, 2011 . ^ a b c d e f g h Dunham, S. Ann; Dewey, Alice G.; Cooper, Nancy I. (2009). "Appendix. Other projects undertaken by the author related to the present research". Surviving against the odds: village industry in Indonesia. Durham, N.C.: Duke University Press. pp. 299''301. ISBN 978-0-8223-4687-6. ^ Sutoro, Ann Dunham; Haryanto, Roes (1990). BRI briefing booklet: KUPEDES development impact survey. Jakarta: Bank Rakyat Indonesia. ^ Kampfner, Judith (September 15, 2009). "Dreams from my mother". London: BBC World Service . Retrieved February 16, 2010 . ^ Wilhelm, Ian (December 3, 2008). "Ford Foundation links parents of Obama and Treasury secretary nominee". The Chronicle of Philanthropy. Archived from the original on December 11, 2008 . Retrieved December 20, 2008 . ^ Scott (2011), p. 292. ^ Dunham, S. Ann (1992). "Peasant blacksmithing in Indonesia : surviving against all odds". Honolulu: University of Hawaii. OCLC 65874559. ^ a b c Dove, Michael R. (August 11, 2009). "Dreams from his mother". The New York Times. p. A21 . Retrieved August 11, 2009 . ^ "Obituaries: Stanley Ann Dunham". Honolulu Star-Bulletin. November 14, 1995. p. C12 . Retrieved July 13, 2018 . ^ "Obituaries: Stanley Ann Dunham". The Honolulu Advertiser. November 17, 1995. p. D6 . Retrieved July 13, 2018 . ^ Chipman, Kim (February 11, 2008). "Obama drive gets inspiration from his white mom born in Kansas". Bloomberg.com . Retrieved February 11, 2008 . ^ a b c d McCormick, John (September 21, 2007). "Obama's mother in new ad". Chicago Tribune. p. 3 . Retrieved January 17, 2008 . ^ . (December 24, 2008). "Obama bids farewell to grandmother (photo gallery)". New York Post . Retrieved December 25, 2008 . CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link) ^ a b Scott (2011), pp. 328''336.Gerhart, Ann (July 14, 2011). "Obama's mother had health insurance, according to biography". The Washington Post . Retrieved June 2, 2012 . ^ Essoyan, Susan (September 18, 2008). "A woman of the people: a symposium recalls the efforts of Stanley Ann Dunham to aid the poor". Honolulu Star-Bulletin. Archived from the original on October 6, 2008 . Retrieved November 5, 2008 . ^ Office of News & Communications (May 4, 2009). "Book by President Barack Obama's mother to be published by Duke University Press". Durham, NC, USA: Duke University. Archived from the original on August 6, 2012 . Retrieved March 9, 2013 . CS1 maint: uses authors parameter (link) See also:. (2009). "Details: Surviving against the odds: village industry in Indonesia by S. Ann Dunham". Durham, N.C.: Duke University Press. Archived from the original on March 23, 2010 . Retrieved August 22, 2009 . CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link) ^ . (December 16, 2009). "C-SPAN airs 2009 presidential session on S. Ann Dunham". Arlington, Va.: American Anthropological Association. Archived from the original on June 13, 2010 . Retrieved May 10, 2010 . CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link) American Anthropological Association '' 108th annual meeting '' Philadelphia (December 3, 2009). "Panel on Ann Dunham's "Surviving against the odds: village industry in Indonesia" (video 1:57:18)". Washington, D.C.: Book TV . Retrieved April 5, 2015 . ^ McCann, Ruth (August 8, 2009). "Cut from Obama's mother's cloth". The Washington Post. p. C1 . Retrieved August 22, 2009 . ^ . (2009). "Previous exhibitions: A lady found a culture in its cloth: Barack Obama's mother and Indonesian batiks, August 9''23, 2009". Washington, D.C.: Textile Museum. Archived from the original on August 11, 2009 . Retrieved September 6, 2009 . CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link) ^ "Wisdom 2010 Yogyakarta, Indonesia" . Retrieved February 28, 2012 . ^ Stanley Ann Dunham Scholarship Fund Website ^ "Scenes from Hawaii, Part II". mrs-o.org. January 3, 2012 . Retrieved February 6, 2012 . ^ "Obama Mama". Seattle International Film Festival. Archived from the original on February 17, 2015 . Retrieved February 19, 2015 . ^ De Zutter, Hank (December 8, 1995). "What makes Obama run?". Chicago Reader. Archived from the original on May 2, 2008 . Retrieved April 1, 2008 . ^ Obama, Barack (October 15, 2006). "Book excerpt (from The Audacity of Hope)". Time. Archived from the original on March 14, 2008 . Retrieved February 28, 2008 . ^ a b Sabar, Ariel (July 16, 2007). "Barack Obama: Putting faith out front". The Christian Science Monitor. p. 1. Archived from the original on July 3, 2008 . Retrieved June 1, 2008 . ^ Jones, Tim (March 27, 2007). "Family portraits - Strong personalities shaped a future senator, Barack Obama". Chicago Tribune. ^ Anburajan, Aswini (December 22, 2007). "Obama asked about connection to Islam". First Read. msnbc.com. Archived from the original on March 6, 2008 . Retrieved February 28, 2008 . Saul, Michael (December 22, 2007). "I'm no Muslim, says Barack Obama". New York Daily News . Retrieved February 28, 2008 . References [ edit ] Maraniss, David (June 19, 2012). Barack Obama: the story. New York: Simon & Schuster. ISBN 978-1-4391-6040-4. Mendell, David (August 14, 2007). Obama: from promise to power. New York: Amistad/Harper Collins. ISBN 978-0-06-085820-9. Scott, Janny (May 3, 2011). A singular woman: the untold story of Barack Obama's mother. New York: Riverhead Books. ISBN 978-1-59448-797-2. Further reading [ edit ] Works by or about Ann Dunham in libraries (WorldCat catalog)
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  David Axelrod (political consultant) - Wikipedia
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    American political consultant
    For other persons with this name, see David Axelrod (disambiguation)David M. Axelrod (born February 22, 1955) is an American political consultant and analyst and former White House official. He is best known for being the chief strategist for Barack Obama's presidential campaigns. After Obama's election, Axelrod was appointed as Senior Advisor to the President.[1] He left the position in early 2011 and became the Senior Strategist for Obama's successful re-election campaign in 2012.[2][3] Axelrod wrote for the Chicago Tribune, and joined CNN as Senior Political Commentator in 2015.[4] As of December 2019[update], Axelrod serves as the director of the non-partisan University of Chicago Institute of Politics.[5] His memoir is titled Believer: My Forty Years in Politics.[4][6]
    Early life [ edit ] Axelrod was born on the Lower East Side of Manhattan, New York City, and grew up in its Stuyvesant Town area.[7][8] He was raised in a liberal Jewish family[9][10] and had his bar mitzvah ceremony at the Brotherhood Synagogue in Manhattan.[11] His mother, Myril Bennett (n(C)e Davidson), was a journalist at PM, a liberal-leaning 1940s newspaper, and later an advertising executive at Young & Rubicam.[12] His father, Joseph Axelrod, was a psychologist and avid baseball fan, who migrated from Eastern Europe to the United States at the age of eleven.[13][14][15][16][17] He attended Public School 40 in Manhattan. Axelrod's parents separated when he was eight years old.
    Describing the appeal of politics, he told the Los Angeles Times, "I got into politics because I believe in idealism. Just to be a part of this effort that seems to be rekindling the kind of idealism that I knew when I was a kid, it's a great thing to do. So I find myself getting very emotional about it."[18] At thirteen years old, he was selling campaign buttons for Robert F. Kennedy. After graduating from New York's Stuyvesant High School[14] in 1972, Axelrod attended the University of Chicago, where he majored in political science.[19]
    As an undergraduate, Axelrod wrote for the Hyde Park Herald, covering politics, and earned an internship at the Chicago Tribune. He lost his father to suicide in 1977, around the time of his graduation.[20] While at the University of Chicago he met his future wife, business student Susan Landau (daughter of research doctor Richard L. Landau),[21] and they married in 1979. In June 1981, their first child, a daughter, was diagnosed with epilepsy at seven months of age.[22]
    Career [ edit ] Prior to first Obama campaign [ edit ] The Chicago Tribune hired Axelrod after his graduation from college. He worked there for eight years, covering national, state and local politics, becoming their youngest political writer in 1981. At 27, he became the City Hall Bureau Chief and a political columnist for the paper.[23] He left the Tribune and joined the campaign of U.S. Senator Paul Simon as communications director in 1984. Within weeks he was promoted to co-campaign manager.[24]
    In 1985, Axelrod formed the political consultancy firm, Axelrod & Associates. In 1987 he worked on the successful reelection campaign of Harold Washington, Chicago's first black mayor, while spearheading Simon's campaign for the 1988 Democratic Presidential nomination. This established his experience in working with black politicians; he later became a key player in similar mayoral campaigns of black candidates, including Dennis Archer in Detroit, Michael R. White in Cleveland, Anthony A. Williams in Washington, D.C., Lee P. Brown in Houston, and John F. Street in Philadelphia.[20] Axelrod is a longtime strategist for the former Chicago Mayor Richard M. Daley[25] and styles himself a "specialist in urban politics." The Economist notes he also specializes in "packaging black candidates for white voters".[25]
    In January 1990, Axelrod was hired to be the media consultant for the all but official re-election campaign of Oregon Governor Neil Goldschmidt.[26] However, Goldschmidt announced in February that he would not seek re-election.[27] Axelrod was retained by the Liberal Party of Ontario to help Dalton McGuinty and his party in 2002 to be elected into government in the October 2003 election. Axelrod's effect on Ontario was heard through the winning Liberal appeal to "working families" and placing an emphasis on positive policy contrasts like canceling corporate tax breaks to fund education and health.[28]
    In 2004, Axelrod worked for John Edwards' presidential campaign. He lost responsibility for making ads, but continued as the campaign's spokesman. Regarding Edwards' failed 2004 presidential campaign, Axelrod has commented, "I have a whole lot of respect for John, but at some point the candidate has to close the deal and'--I can't tell you why'--that never happened with John."[29][30]
    Axelrod worked as a consultant for Exelon, an Illinois-area utility which operated the largest fleet of nuclear reactors in the United States. [31][32]
    Axelrod contributed an op-ed to the Chicago Tribune in defense of patronage after two top officials in the administration of longtime client Chicago Mayor Richard M. Daley were arrested for what federal prosecutors described as "pervasive fraud" in City Hall hiring and promotions.[33][34] In 2006, he consulted for several campaigns, including the successful campaigns of Eliot Spitzer in New York's gubernatorial election and Deval Patrick in Massachusetts's gubernatorial election. Axelrod served in 2006 as the chief political adviser for Democratic Congressional Campaign Committee chair U.S. Representative Rahm Emanuel for the U.S. House of Representatives elections, in which the Democrats gained 31 seats.
    He was an Adjunct Professor of Communication Studies at Northwestern University, where, along with Professor Peter Miller, he taught an undergraduate class titled Campaign Strategy, analyzing political campaigns, and their strategies.[35] On June 14, 2009 he received an honorary "Doctor of Humane Letters" degree from DePaul University, speaking at the commencement exercises of the College of Communication and College of Computing and Digital Media.[36]
    Barack Obama presidential campaign, 2008 [ edit ] Axelrod first met Obama in 1992, when Bettylu Saltzman, a Chicago democrat, introduced the two of them after Obama had impressed her at a black voter registration drive that he ran. Obama consulted Axelrod before he delivered a 2002 anti-war speech,[37] and asked him to read drafts of his book The Audacity of Hope.[38]
    Axelrod contemplated taking a break from politics during the 2008 presidential campaign, as five of the candidates'--Barack Obama, Hillary Clinton, John Edwards, Chris Dodd and Tom Vilsack'--were past clients. Personal ties between Axelrod and Hillary Clinton made it difficult, as she had raised significant funds for epilepsy on behalf of a foundation co-founded by Axelrod's wife and mother, Citizens United for Research in Epilepsy (CURE). (Axelrod's daughter suffers from developmental disabilities associated with chronic epileptic seizures.) Axelrod's wife even said that a 1999 conference Clinton convened to find a cure for the condition was "one of the most important things anyone has done for epilepsy."[39] Axelrod ultimately decided to participate in the Obama campaign, and served as chief strategist and media advisor for Obama. He told The Washington Post, "I thought that if I could help Barack Obama get to Washington, then I would have accomplished something great in my life."[14]
    Axelrod contributed to the initial announcement of Obama's campaign by creating a five-minute Internet video released January 16, 2007.[40][41] He continued to use "man on the street"-style biographical videos to create a sense of intimacy and authenticity in the political ads.
    Axelrod talking to reporters in the "spin room" after the Cleveland
    Democratic debate in February 2008
    While the Clinton campaign chose a strategy that emphasized experience, Axelrod helped to craft the Obama campaign's main theme of "change." He was critical of the Clinton campaign's positioning, and said that "being the consummate Washington insider is not where you want to be in a year when people want change...[Clinton's] initial strategic positioning was wrong and kind of played into our hands."[42] The change message played a factor in Obama's victory in the Iowa caucuses. "Just over half of [Iowa's] Democratic caucus-goers said change was the No. 1 factor they were looking for in a candidate, and 51 percent of those voters chose Barack Obama," said CNN senior political analyst Bill Schneider. "That compares to only 19 percent of 'change' caucus-goers who preferred Clinton."[43] Axelrod also believed that the Clinton campaign underestimated the importance of the caucus states. "For all the talent and the money they had over there," says Axelrod, "they'--bewilderingly'--seemed to have little understanding for the caucuses and how important they would become."[43] In the 2008 primary season, Obama won a majority of the states that use the caucus format.
    Axelrod is credited with implementing a strategy that encourages the participation of people, a lesson drawn partly from Howard Dean's 2004 presidential campaign as well as a personal goal of Barack Obama. Axelrod explained to Rolling Stone, "When we started this race, Barack told us that he wanted the campaign to be a vehicle for involving people and giving them a stake in the kind of organizing he believed in. According to Axelrod getting volunteers involved became the legacy of the campaign "[44] This includes drawing on "Web 2.0" technology and viral media to support a grassroots strategy. Obama's web platform allows supporters to blog, create their own personal page, and even phonebank from home. Axelrod's elaborate use of the Internet helped Obama to organize under-30 voters and build over 475,000 donors in 2007, most of whom were Internet donors contributing less than $100 each.[45] The Obama strategy stood in contrast to Hillary Clinton's campaign, which benefited from high name recognition, large donors and strong support among established Democratic leaders.
    Politico described Axelrod as 'soft-spoken' and 'mild-mannered'[46] and it quoted one Obama aide in Chicago as saying, "Do you know how lucky we are that he is our Mark Penn?"[47] Democratic consultant and former colleague Dan Fee said of Axelrod, "He's a calming presence."[48] "He's not a screamer, like some of these guys," political advisor Bill Daley said of Axelrod in the Chicago Tribune. "He has a good sense of humor, so he's able to defuse things."[49] In June 2008, The New York Times described Axelrod as a "campaign guru" with an "appreciation for Chicago-style politics."[50]
    Senior Advisor to the President, 2009''11 [ edit ] On November 20, 2008, Obama named Axelrod as a senior advisor to his administration. His role included crafting policy and communicating the President's message in coordination with President Obama, the Obama Administration, speechwriters, and the White House communications team.[51][52]
    The Foreclosure Scandal [ edit ] When details of the 2010 United States foreclosure crisis were publicized in 2010, notably robo-signing, Axelrod was widely criticized for downplaying the magnitude of the crisis in his comments to the press,[53][54] telling the audience of CBS News' Face the Nation that the Obama administration's "hope is this moves rapidly and that this gets unwound very, very quickly" and that he's "not sure that a national moratorium" is called for since "there are in fact valid foreclosures that probably should go forward."[55] Notably, Axelrod made this statement after several banks had voluntarily suspended foreclosures and evictions in order to investigate improprieties.[56]
    Barack Obama presidential campaign, 2012 [ edit ] Axelrod left his White House senior advisor post on January 28, 2011. He was a top aide to Obama's 2012 re-election campaign.[2][3] Axelrod also stated that his job as Obama's chief campaign strategist in the 2012 campaign would be his final job as a political operative.[57]
    After second Obama campaign [ edit ] Axelrod in Chicago in 2016
    In January 2013, Axelrod established a bipartisan Institute of Politics at the University of Chicago, where he serves as director.[58] On January 23, 2013, La Stampa reported that Axelrod was helping Italian prime minister Mario Monti with his election campaign and had flown to Italy to meet with Monti ten days earlier.[59] Monti's coalition went on to come fourth with 10.5% of the vote in the Italian general election, 2013. On February 19, 2013, Axelrod joined NBC News and MSNBC as a senior political analyst,[citation needed ] a position he held until September 2015 when he moved to CNN.
    In 2014 Axelrod was appointed senior strategic adviser to the British Labour Party to assist party leader Ed Miliband in the run-up to the 2015 general election.[60]
    He is the co-founder of AKPD Message and Media, along with Eric Sedler, and operated ASK Public Strategies, now called ASGK Public Strategies, which were sold in 2009. In Feb. 2015 Axelrod's book Believer: My Forty Years in Politics was published.[61][failed verification ]
    In 2015, Axelrod began hosting a podcast titled The Axe Files, a series of in-depth discussions and interviews with various political figures.[62] In June of 2019[63] he started the podcast Hacks on Tap with co-host Mike Murphy, a show where the two discuss news and updates from the 2020 presidential campaign trail.[64] He also joined CNN as a senior political commentator in September, 2015.[65]
    In 2018, Axelrod vocally opposed Democratic support for impeachment, arguing that if "we ''normalize'' impeachment as a political tool, it will be another hammer blow to our democracy".[66]
    References [ edit ] ^ Smith, Ben (November 19, 2008). "Ben Smith's Blog: Axelrod, and other senior staff". Politico . Retrieved August 11, 2013 . ^ a b MacCallum, Martha (February 2, 2011). "Axelrod Departs the White House, Prepares for New Mission to Re-Elect Obama". FoxNews.com . Retrieved August 22, 2011 . ^ a b Walsh, Ken (November 12, 2012). "The Election's Other Big Winner: David Axelrod". US News. ^ a b LoBianco, Tom (September 3, 2015). "Former Obama adviser Axelrod joining CNN". CNN Politics. ^ "Staff". University of Chicago Institute of Politics . Retrieved April 4, 2019 . ^ "Believer: My Forty Years in Politics". Penguin Random House . Retrieved April 4, 2019 . ^ Saul, Michael (June 22, 2008). "David Axelrod is a New York City boy who has Barack Obama's ear". Daily News. New York . Retrieved April 15, 2011 . "Perched atop a mailbox near his family's apartment in Stuyvesant Town, 5-year-old David Axelrod watched intently as a charismatic John F. Kennedy rallied New Yorkers for his presidential campaign in the fall of 1960. ^ Jonas, Ilaina; Gralla, Joan (October 22, 2009). "NY court rules against Stuyvesant Town owners". Reuters . Retrieved April 15, 2011 . ^ MacAskill, Ewen (May 22, 2008). "He can be cut-throat. He believes that if you're in a race, you beat the other side by almost any means necessary". The Guardian. Although Chicago is home, Axelrod, 53, was born in New York's Lower East Side, into a leftwing Jewish family, his mother a journalist and his father a psychologist. ^ Kampeas, Ron (June 3, 2015). "How Bibi Alienated All His Jewish Allies at the White House". The Jewish Daily Forward. ^ Rubin, Bonnie Miller (July 31, 2017). "How David Axelrod Stays True to His Jewish Roots". Haaretz. ^ "Myril Axelrod Bennett Obituary". News Times. Danbury, Connecticut. January 22, 2014 . Retrieved November 23, 2015 . ^ Instaread (March 5, 2015). Believer: My Forty Years in Politics by David Axelrod | A 15-minute Summary & Analysis: My Forty Years in Politics. Instaread Summaries. ^ a b c Kaiser, Robert G. (May 2, 2008). "The Player at Bat '' David Axelrod, the Man With Obama's Game Plan, Is Also the Candidate's No. 1 Fan". The Washington Post . Retrieved May 6, 2008 . ^ Haq, Husna (February 15, 2009). "A Newton mother's pride in Obama adviser David Axelrod '' The Boston Globe". Boston.com . Retrieved February 11, 2014 . ^ "The Agony and the Agony". Pqasb.pqarchiver.com. June 24, 2007 . Retrieved February 11, 2014 . ^ Bell, Debra (December 2, 2008). "10 Things You Didn't Know About David Axelrod". U.S. News & World Report . Retrieved November 23, 2015 . ^ La Ganga, Maria L. (February 15, 2008). "The man behind Obama's message". Los Angeles Times . Retrieved April 28, 2008 . ^ Greene, Melissa Fay (February 6, 2007). "Obama's Media Maven". The Nation. ^ a b Hayes, Christopher (February 6, 2007). "Obama's Media Maven". The Nation . Retrieved April 22, 2008 . ^ O'Donnell, Maureen (June 24, 2016). "U. of C. Dr. Richard L. Landau, in-law to David Axelrod, dead at 99". Chicago Sun-Times. Archived from the original on February 4, 2018 . Retrieved February 4, 2018 . ^ "I Must Save My Child". Parade Magazine. February 15, 2009 . Retrieved February 15, 2009 . ^ "Partners'--David Axelrod". AKPD Message and Media. Archived from the original on November 8, 2008 . Retrieved April 28, 2008 . ^ Reardon, Patrick T. (June 24, 2007). "The Agony and the Agony". Chicago Tribune . Retrieved April 4, 2008 . ^ a b "The Ax-man Cometh". The Economist U.S. edition. August 23, 2008. p. 28. ^ Box 203 of Goldschmidt's records is no longer an active page; Box 203 of Goldschmidt's records are here but not apparently easily searchable. ^ Jaquiss, Nigel (May 12, 2004). "The 30-Year Secret: A crime, a cover-up and the way it shaped Oregon". Willamette Week. ^ Benzie, Robert (January 14, 2008). "McGuinty and Obama share strategist". The Star. Toronto. ^ Montgomery, David (February 15, 2007). "Barack Obama's On-Point Message Man". Washington Post . Retrieved May 13, 2015 . ^ Wallace-Wells, Ben (April 1, 2007). "Obama's Narrator". The New York Times . Retrieved April 22, 2008 . ^ Fahey, Jonathan. "Exelon's Carbon Advantage". Forbes . Retrieved July 19, 2020 . ^ https://online.wsj.com/public/resources/documents/Axelrod.pdf?mod=article_inline ^ Axelrod, David (August 21, 2005). "A Well-oiled Machine; A system that works? Political debts contribute to better city services". Chicago Tribune. ^ Rhodes, Steve (January 7, 2010). "An Axelrod to Grind". Los Angeles Times. ^ "Senior Advisor David Axelrod". whitehouse.gov. White House. Archived from the original on January 22, 2009. ^ Commencement '09 [permanent dead link ] DePaul University Newsline Online, May 20, 2009 ^ Becker, Jo; Christopher Drew (May 11, 2008). "Obama's Pragmatic Politics, Forged on the South Side". The New York Times . Retrieved May 12, 2008 . ^ Scott, Janny (May 18, 2008). "Obama's Story, Written by Obama". The New York Times . Retrieved May 18, 2008 . ^ Wallace-Wells, Ben (March 30, 2007). "A star strategist offers Democrats a new vision". International Herald Tribune . Retrieved May 6, 2008 . ^ "Biography of Barack Obama" (Video from Barack Obama's exploratory committee) . YouTube. January 16, 2007. ^ Obama, Barack (January 16, 2007). "My Plans for 2008" (Obama's YouTube video announcement of that he would file papers on January 16, 2007 to form an exploratory committee) . Retrieved November 11, 2008 . ^ Tumulty, Karen (May 8, 2008). "The Five Mistakes Clinton Made". Time . Retrieved November 2, 2009 . ^ a b Crowley, Candy (January 4, 2008). "Obama wins Iowa as candidate for change". CNN . Retrieved May 8, 2008 . ^ Dickinson, Tim (March 20, 2008). "The Machinery of Hope". Rolling Stone . Retrieved April 28, 2008 . ^ Stirland, Sarah Lai (February 14, 2008). "The Tech of Obamamania: Online Phone Banks, Mass Texting and Blogs". Wired . Retrieved February 21, 2008 . ^ Simon, Roger (March 20, 2007). "The Democrats Turn Tough'--on Each Other". Politico.com . Retrieved May 8, 2008 . ^ Brown, Carrie Budoff (April 27, 2008). "Obama team remains unshaken and unstirred". Politico.com . Retrieved April 28, 2008 . ^ Fitzgerald, Thomas (December 30, 2007). "Helping hone Obama's pitch". Politico.com. Archived from the original on January 7, 2008 . Retrieved May 7, 2008 . ^ Reardon, Patrick T. (June 24, 2007). "The Agony and the Agony". Chicago Tribune. Archived from the original on December 25, 2007 . Retrieved May 7, 2008 . ^ Powell, Michael (June 4, 2008). "Calm in the Swirl of History". The New York Times. p. A1 . Retrieved September 5, 2015 . ^ "Obama 'to unveil economic team ' ". November 24, 2008 '' via bbc.co.uk. ^ "Axelrod to join Obama White House". ^ The Foreclosure Fraud Scandal Just Got Harder to Ignore:by Kevin Connor. JANUARY 7, 2011 f Public Accountability Initiative (Eyes on the Ties). https://news.littlesis.org/2011/01/07/the-foreclosure-fraud-scandal-just-got-harder-to-ignore/ ^ Moe Tkachik. 5 Things David Axelrod Must Have Missed About The Foreclosure Thing. Washington City Paper. OCT 11, 2010. https://www.washingtoncitypaper.com/news/blog/13135897/5-things-david-axelrod-must-have-missed-about-the-foreclosure-thing ^ Tom Cohen, CNN. Axelrod signals White House opposition to foreclosure moratorium. October 10, 2010 http://www.cnn.com/2010/POLITICS/10/10/white.house.foreclosures/index.html ^ Binyamin Appelbaum: A Foreclosure Tightrope for Democrats. New York Times, Oct. 11, 2010. ^ Libit, Daniel (September 2011). "David Axelrod's Last Campaign". Chicago magazine . Retrieved April 13, 2012 . ^ Johnson, Dirk (January 9, 2013). "David Axelrod on His Move to the University of Chicago". Chicago Magazine . Retrieved February 20, 2014 . ^ Molinari, Maurizio (January 23, 2013). "New Client For Obama Guru Axelrod: Italian PM Mario Monti, In Showdown With Berlusconi". La Stampa . Retrieved April 19, 2014 . ^ Wintour, Patrick (April 17, 2014). "Ed Miliband signs up top Obama adviser David Axelrod for UK election". theguardian.com . Retrieved April 17, 2014 . ^ Rifkin, Jesse. "David Axelrod Book Reveals Behind-The-Scenes Drama Of Obama Campaign And Presidency". Huffington Post. ^ "The Axe Files with David Axelrod". politics.uchicago.edu . Retrieved April 8, 2019 . ^ "Biden plays Hyde and go seek, Warren rising in Iowa". Hacks on Tap . Retrieved December 13, 2019 . ^ "About". Hacks on Tap . Retrieved December 13, 2019 . ^ "Former Obama adviser Axelrod joining CNN as senior political commentator". CNN . Retrieved September 3, 2015 . ^ Vazquez, Maegan. "Axelrod, Steyer spar over Dems' impeachment calls". CNN . Retrieved November 17, 2019 . External links [ edit ] AKPD MediaASGK Public StrategiesAppearances on C-SPANDavid Axelrod on Charlie Rose"David Axelrod collected news and commentary". The New York Times. Works by or about David Axelrod in libraries (WorldCat catalog)The Agony and The Agony, Patrick T. Reardon, Chicago Tribune, June 24, 2007Profile: David Axelrod, Ned Temko, The Guardian, July 27, 2008Long by Obama's Side, an Adviser Fills a Role That Exceeds His Title, Jeff Zeleny, The New York Times, October 26, 2008President's Political Protector Is Ever Close at Hand, Jeff Zeleny, The New York Times, March 8, 2009The Axe Files, Axelrod's podcast. Office Name Term Office Name Term White House Chief of Staff Rahm Emanuel 2009''10 National Security Advisor James L. Jones 2009''10 Pete Rouse 2010''11 Thomas E. Donilon 2010''13 William M. Daley 2011''12 Susan Rice 2013''17 Jack Lew 2012''13 Deputy National Security Advisor Thomas E. Donilon 2009''10 Denis McDonough 2013''17 Denis McDonough 2010''13 White House Deputy Chief of Staff for Policy Mona Sutphen 2009''11 Tony Blinken 2013''14 Nancy-Ann DeParle 2011''13 Avril Haines 2015''17 Rob Nabors 2013''15 Dep. National Security Advisor, Homeland Security John O. Brennan 2009''13 White House Deputy Chief of Staff for Operations Jim Messina 2009''11 Lisa Monaco 2013''17 Alyssa Mastromonaco 2011''14 Dep. National Security Advisor, Iraq and Afghanistan Douglas Lute' 2009''13 Anita Decker Breckenridge 2014''17 Dep. National Security Advisor, Strategic Comm. Ben Rhodes 2009''17 White House Deputy Chief of Staff for Planning Mark B. Childress 2012''14 Dep. National Security Advisor, Chief of Staff Mark Lippert 2009 Kristie Canegallo 2014''17 Denis McDonough 2009''10 Counselor to the President Pete Rouse 2011''13 Brooke D. Anderson 2011''12 John Podesta 2014''15 White House Communications Director Ellen Moran 2009 Senior Advisor to the President David Axelrod 2009''11 Anita Dunn 2009 David Plouffe 2011''13 Daniel Pfeiffer 2009''13 Daniel Pfeiffer 2013''15 Jennifer Palmieri 2013''15 Shailagh Murray 2015''17 Jen Psaki 2015''17 Senior Advisor to the President Pete Rouse 2009''10 Deputy White House Communications Director Jen Psaki 2009''11 Brian Deese 2015''17 Jennifer Palmieri 2011''14 Senior Advisor to the President and Valerie Jarrett 2009''17 Amy Brundage 2014''16 Assistant to the President for Liz Allen 2016''17 Public Engagement and Intergovernmental Affairs White House Press Secretary Robert Gibbs 2009''11 Director, Public Engagement Tina Tchen 2009''11 Jay Carney 2011''13 Jon Carson 2011''13 Josh Earnest 2013''17 Paulette L. Aniskoff 2013''17 Deputy Press Secretary Bill Burton 2009''11 Director, Intergovernmental Affairs Cecilia Mu±oz 2009''12 Josh Earnest 2011''13 David Agnew 2012''14 Eric Schultz 2014''17 Jerry Abramson 2014''17 Director of Special Projects Stephanie Cutter 2010''11 Director, National Economic Council Lawrence Summers 2009''10 Director, Speechwriting Jon Favreau 2009''13 Gene Sperling 2011''14 Cody Keenan 2013''17 Jeffrey Zients 2014''17 Director, Digital Strategy Macon Phillips 2009''13 Chair, Council of Economic Advisers Christina Romer 2009''10 Chief Digital Officer Jason Goldman 2015''17 Austan Goolsbee 2010''13 Director, Legislative Affairs Phil Schiliro 2009''11 Jason Furman 2013''17 Rob Nabors 2011''13 Chair, Economic Recovery Advisory Board Paul Volcker 2009''11 Katie Beirne Fallon 2013''16 Chair, Council on Jobs and Competitiveness Jeff Immelt 2011''13 Miguel Rodriguez 2016 Director, Domestic Policy Council Melody Barnes 2009''12 Amy Rosenbaum 2016''17 Cecilia Mu±oz 2012''17 Director, Political Affairs Patrick Gaspard 2009''11 Director, Office of Faith-Based and Neighborhood Partnerships Joshua DuBois 2009''13 David Simas 2011''16 Melissa Rogers 2013''17 Director, Presidential Personnel Nancy Hogan 2009''13 Director, Office of Health Reform Nancy-Ann DeParle 2009''11 Johnathan D. McBride 2013''14 Director, Office of National AIDS Policy Jeffrey Crowley 2009''11 Valerie E. Green 2014''15 Grant N. Colfax 2011''13 Rodin A. Mehrbani 2016''17 Douglas M. Brooks 2013''17 White House Staff Secretary Lisa Brown 2009''11 Director, Office of Urban Affairs Adolfo Carri"n Jr. 2009''10 Rajesh De 2011''12 Racquel S. Russell 2010''14 Douglas Kramer 2012''13 Roy Austin Jr. 2014''17 Joani Walsh 2014''17 Director, Office of Energy and Climate Change Policy Carol Browner 2009''11 Director, Management and Administration Bradley J. Kiley 2009''11 White House Counsel Greg Craig 2009''10 Katy A. Kale 2011''15 Bob Bauer 2010''11 Maju S. Varghese 2016''17 Kathryn Ruemmler 2011''14 Director, Scheduling and Advance Alyssa Mastromonaco 2009''11 Neil Eggleston 2014''17 Danielle Crutchfield 2011''14 White House Cabinet Secretary Chris Lu 2009''13 Chase Cushman 2014''17 Danielle C. Gray 2013''14 Director, White House Information Technology David Recordon 2015''17 Broderick D. Johnson 2014''17 Director, Office of Administration Cameron Moody 2009''11 Personal Aide to the President Reggie Love 2009''11 Beth Jones 2011''15 Brian Mosteller 2011''12 Cathy Solomon 2015''17 Marvin D. Nicholson 2012''17 Director, Office of Science and Technology Policy John Holdren 2009''17 Director, Oval Office Operations Brian Mosteller 2012''17 Chief Technology Officer Aneesh Chopra 2009''12 Personal Secretary to the President Katie Johnson 2009''11 Todd Park 2012''14 Anita Decker Breckenridge 2011''14 Megan Smith 2014''17 Ferial Govashiri 2014''17 Director, Office of Management and Budget Peter R. Orszag 2009''10 Chief of Staff to the First Lady Jackie Norris 2009 Jack Lew 2010''12 Susan Sher 2009''11 Jeffrey Zients 2012''13 Tina Tchen 2011''17 Sylvia Mathews Burwell 2013''14 White House Social Secretary Desir(C)e Rogers 2009''10 Brian Deese 2014 Julianna Smoot 2010''11 Shaun Donovan 2014''17 Jeremy Bernard 2011''15 Chief Information Officer Vivek Kundra 2009''11 Deesha Dyer 2015''17 Steven VanRoekel 2011''14 Chief of Staff to the Vice President Ron Klain 2009''11 Tony Scott 2015''17 Bruce Reed 2011''13 United States Trade Representative Ron Kirk 2009''13 Steve Ricchetti 2013''17 Michael Froman 2013''17 White House Chief Usher Stephen W. Rochon' 2009''11 Director, Office of National Drug Control Policy Gil Kerlikowske 2009''14 Angella Reid 2011''17 Michael Botticelli 2014''17 Director, White House Military Office George Mulligan 2009''13 Chair, Council on Environmental Quality Nancy Sutley 2009''14 Emmett Beliveau 2013''15 Michael Boots 2014''15 Dabney Kern 2016''17 Christy Goldfuss 2015''17 Position Appointee Chief of Staff to the Vice President Steve Ricchetti Counsel to the Vice President Cynthia Hogan Counselor to the Vice President Mike Donilon Assistant to the Vice President for Intergovernmental Affairs and Public Liaison Evan Ryan Assistant to the Vice President and Director of Communications Shailagh Murray Deputy Chief of Staff to the Vice President Shailagh Murray Deputy National Security Adviser to the Vice President Brian McKeon Residence Manager and Social Secretary for the Vice President and Second Lady Carlos Elizondo National Security Adviser to the Vice President Colin Kahl
  The Soetoros and the Indonesian Massacres 1965-1999 | PatriotDEMs
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    Sat, 25 Jul 2020 20:17
    No wonder Barack Obama didn't write a book called Dreams from My Mother.
    The president has said that he wished he had written a biography of his mother, the late Ann Dunham Soetoro, rather than his father, Barack Obama, Sr. And he might have done it well since he lived with her for lengthy periods. But perhaps that tome would have been called Nightmares from My Mother, or Bad Dreams from My Mother and Stepfather. The more I read about the Dunham family the more fictionalized and fabricated they seem; Obama's mother, in particular, since she is so often trotted out posthumously for photo ops. Her story, as presented by Obama, is simple: she was a free spirit who transcended type casting, spent her life doing for others and preserving native Indonesian crafts. Lolo Soetoro was hardly worth mentioning.O.K., but this is the way it really was:
    Indonesia 1965-1968. There was an ongoing massacre of PKI party communists and suspected communists in Jakarta and across Java by the Indonesian Army and anti-communist Muslim student jihadists. There is no doubt that the U.S. had strategic and economic interests in the Indonesia controlled by Sukarno, and those interests had a bloody reprise.
    Time magazine described it this way: ''Communists, Red sympathizers and their families are being massacred by the thousands'...Army units executed thousands after interrogation in remote jails. Armed with wide-blade knives called parangs, Moslem bands crept at night into the homes of Communists, killing entire families, burying the bodies in shallow graves. The murder campaign became so brazen in parts of rural East Java that Moslem bands placed the heads of victims on poles and paraded them through villages'....Travelers from these areas tell of small rivers and streams that have been literally clogged with bodies, river transportation has at places been seriously impeded.''Pretty horrific by any standards, even genocidal ones.Yet, Ann Dunham Soetoro, according to all of the MSM hype and Obama's whitewash of an autobiography, was teaching English as an American Embassy employee while her husband, Lolo, an Army Colonel under the monster Suharto was busy working as an oil company geologist cum government liaison. The Dark Side of Paradise, by Geoffrey Robinson, makes clear the implication of complicity in the monstrous events by both the Army and the U.S. Embassy. I can't link to p. 284 so I'll quote: ''the U.S. Embassy in Jakarta noted in a cable to the department of State'...the U.S. government is generally admiring of what the army is doing''. Approval (for the killings) came from the U.S. Embassy. Excerpt
    Approval for the release of the names came from thetop U.S. Embassy officials, including formerAmbassador Marshall Green, deputy chief of missionJack Lydman and political section chief EdwardMasters, the three acknowledged in interviews.
    Obama's autobiography says little or nothing about the dread which must have been prevalent among the peasant populous during this period despite the fact that more than a million were imprisoned and used by the big corporations (timber, mining, oil) as slave laborers. In his autobiography, Obama says virtually nothing about his step-father Colonel Lolo Soetoro, save that he was easygoing, friendly.
    According to one fluff article available on the internet Obama returned to Indonesia for Christmas and summer holidays with his mother for many years. During those years, Obama would have been mature enough to take note of the intense political oppression imposed by Suharto and the dread connected with reprisals directed at any party brave enough to criticize the regime. The U.S. supported the dictator and Ann Soetoro went from her English teaching job with the embassy to employment with USAID and the (allegedly) CIA connected Ford Foundation in 1965 or this in 1966.
    More questions than answers attach to Ann Soetoro during her lengthy stay in Indonesia. The more one investigates the paucity of information about her activities the more one wonders about the lack of detail. The blizzard of banal impressions about Ann Soetoro's personality has buried or replaced the record of her life. These are some of the nagging questions:
    I have not been able to locate Ann Soetoro's curriculum vitae. Did she produce any scholarly work other than her long awaited dissertation?
    Did Ann Soetoro work in Ghana and Thailand? If so, during what years and for whom did she work?
    What ''scholarships'' enabled young Obama to attend the prestigious and elite Punau school in Hawaii while his mother was ''too poor'' to afford it? Ann Soetoro was also allegedly the recipient of a ''scholarship'' to continue her M.A. anthropology studies at the Univ. of Hawaii.
    Why did she earn an undergraduate degree in math and then switch to anthropology?
    Micro-financing of peasant women in East or West Timor seems like a front for something else (CIA?) since the massacres within that province wiped out nearly a third of the population and in many areas the gendercide of males was as high as 80%. Much of the population of East Timor was relocated to West Timor. (See my earlier posts on this subject).
    To whom was Ann Soetoro teaching English while under U.S. Embassy auspices during the horrifying massacres and imprisonments during 1967-1968 and the decades long slave labor and torture regime?
    Why would the Ford Foundation finance anthropological studies into native fabrics and iron working during this time? Or was this Ann Soetoro's cover for another kind of research in the countryside?
    And Obama says nothing about his mother's residence in Indonesia during the brutal Suharto invasion and occupation of East Timor beginning in 1975.
    My developing theory is that the important shaping of Obama's character is connected to Indonesia, as much as or more than either Hawaii or Chicago. If his step-father was a top honcho in the brutal Suharto regime and Lolo had plenty of American military friends from the embassy, how might that have affected the boy? If his mother's work was of such great importance that she stayed on in Indonesia while her son returned home, are we to believe cataloging native crafts was this important work?
    If Obama returned often to Indonesia to see his mother as he grew older wouldn't he have been aware of the horrific events in Indonesia during his stays there and mentioned them as critical events in his otherwise superficial life story?
    How are we to believe his stories of reacting strongly to racial and color slights when he lived in a land of genocide without being scarred or apparently even particularly moved by that fact?
    And ,finally, what should one make of Obama's appointment of Admiral Dennis Blair as the new Director of National Intelligence while it it is widely alleged that Blair helped win approval for a resumption of military cooperation with Indonesia in 1999 despite yet another massacre carried out by Indonesian troops at Dili, East Timor?
    This entry was posted on Tuesday, March 24th, 2009 at 11:05 pm and is filed under Uncategorized.You can follow any responses to this entry through the RSS 2.0 feed.You can leave a response, or trackback from your own site.
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  Lolo Soetoro: Stepfather of Barack Obama (1935 - 1987) | Biography, Facts, Career, Wiki, Life
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    Sat, 25 Jul 2020 20:16
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    Stepfather of Barack Obama
    Lolo Soetoro
    IntroStepfather of Barack ObamaA.K.A.Lolo Soetoro Mangunharjo, Mangundikardjo, Lolo SutoroWasGeographerBusinesspersonFromIndonesiaTypeBusinessScienceGendermaleBirth2 January 1935 , Bandung, Indonesia Death2 March 1987 , Jakarta, Indonesia(aged 52 years) Star signCapricornFamilyLolo Soetoro (EYD: Lolo Sutoro; [ËlÉ'lÉ' suËËtÉ'rÉ'Ë] ; 2 January 1935 '' 2 March 1987), also known as Lolo Soetoro Mangunharjo or Mangundikardjo, of Indonesia was the stepfather of Barack Obama, the 44th President of the United States.
    Early life and educationBorn in Bandung, West Java, Dutch East Indies (now Indonesia), Soetoro was the ninth of ten children of Martodihardjo, who was an employee of a mining office from Yogyakarta. Soetoro's father and eldest brother were killed during the Indonesian National Revolution, when Indonesia won independence from the Dutch, and the Dutch army burned the family's home. Soetoro fled with his mother to the countryside.
    Soetoro earned his bachelor's degree in geography from Gadjah Mada University, in Yogyakarta. In 1962, Soetoro, then a civilian employee of the Indonesian Army Topographic Service, obtained an East''West Center grant for graduate study in geography at the University of Hawaii at Manoa. He arrived in Honolulu in September 1962 and graduated from the university with a M.A. in geography in June 1964.
    Marriage to Ann DunhamAfter living in Seattle, Washington, with her infant son Barack from September 1961 to June 1962 while taking classes at the University of Washington, Ann Dunham returned to Honolulu and resumed her undergraduate education at the University of Hawaii in January 1963. In January 1964 she filed for divorce from her estranged husband, Barack Hussein Obama Sr., who had left Hawaii in June 1962 to pursue graduate study at Harvard University.
    Soetoro and Dunham met at the East-West Center while both were students at the University of Hawaii. Soetoro and Dunham married in Hawaii on 15 March 1965. Soetoro, a geographer, returned to Indonesia in 1966, to help map Western New Guinea for the Indonesian government, while Dunham and her son moved into her parents' house in Honolulu to complete her studies at the University of Hawaii; she earned a B.A. in anthropology in 1967. Her son attended kindergarten from 1966 to 1967 at Noelani Elementary School in Honolulu.
    In 1967, Dunham and her six-year-old son moved to Jakarta to rejoin Soetoro. The reunited family initially lived in a new modest stucco and red tile house at 16 Kyai Haji Ramli Tengah Street in a newly built neighborhood in the Menteng Dalam administrative village of the Tebet subdistrict in South Jakarta for two and a half years, and owned a new Japanese motorcycle. From January 1968 to December 1969, Dunham taught English and was an assistant director of the Lembaga Persahabatan Indonesia Amerika (LIA)''the Indonesia-America Friendship Institute''which was subsidized by U.S. government. Obama attended the Indonesian-language Santo Fransiskus Asisi (St. Francis of Assisi) Catholic School around the corner from their house for 1st, 2nd, and part of 3rd grade.
    In 1970, with his financial situation improved by a new job in government relations at Union Oil Company, Soetoro moved his family two miles north to a rented house at 22 Taman Amir Hamzah Street in the Matraman Dalam neighborhood in the Pegangsaan administrative village of the Menteng subdistrict in Central Jakarta, with a car replacing their motorcycle. From January 1970 to August 1972, Dunham taught English and was a department head and a director of the Lembaga Pendidikan dan Pengembangan Manajemen (LPPM)''the Institute of Management Education and Development. Obama attended the Indonesian-language government-run Besuki School one and a half miles west in the exclusive Menteng administrative village of the Menteng subdistrict for part of 3rd grade and for 4th grade.
    In mid-1970, between 3rd and 4th grades at the Besuki School, Obama spent the summer in Hawaii with his grandparents, Stanley and Madelyn Dunham, and interviewed for admission to the Punahou School in Honolulu. On 15 August 1970, Soetoro and Dunham had a daughter, Maya Kasandra Soetoro.
    In mid-1971, Obama moved back to Hawaii to live with his grandparents and attend Punahou School starting in 5th grade. A year later, in August 1972, Dunham, with the help of her employer (LPPM), obtained an Asia Foundation grant to begin graduate study in anthropology at the University of Hawaii at Manoa. She and her daughter moved back to Hawaii where they rejoined Obama.
    Dunham completed her coursework at the University of Hawaii for a M.A. in anthropology in December 1974, and after three years in Hawaii, returned with her daughter to Jakarta in 1975 to complete her contract with LPPM and do anthropological field work. Obama chose to stay with his grandparents in Hawaii to continue attending Punahou School for high school. In 1976, Dunham and her daughter moved to Yogyakarta, living for half a year with Soetoro's 76-year-old mother.
    During their years in Indonesia, Dunham became increasingly interested in the country's culture, while Soetoro became more interested in Western culture, and their relationship was in conflict over differing values. Their divorce became final on 6 November 1980.
    In his 1995 memoir Dreams from My Father, Obama described Soetoro as well-mannered, even-tempered, and easy with people; he wrote of the struggles he felt Soetoro had to deal with after his return to Indonesia from Hawaii. He described his stepfather as following "a brand of Islam that could make room for the remnants of more ancient, classical, and Dharmic philosophies such as that of the Hindu." In a 2007 article, Chicago Tribune foreign correspondent Kim Barker reported that Soetoro "was much more of a free spirit than a devout Muslim, according to former friends and neighbors."
    Later lifeSoetoro married Erna Kustina in 1980 and had two children, a son, Yusuf Aji Soetoro (born 1981), and daughter, Rahayu Nurmaida Soetoro (born 1984).
    Soetoro died, age 52, on 2 March 1987, of liver failure, and was buried in Tanah Kusir Cemetery, South Jakarta.
    The contents of this page are sourced from Wikipediaarticle on 25 Feb 2020.The contents are available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license.Reference sources
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    http://www.listentothebanned.com/index.php?page=aziza
    http://www.gara.net/paperezkoa/20090204/120041/es/Oreka-Tx-presenta-Nomadak-Tx-Zuzenean-gira-Euskal-Herria
    https://archive.is/20120714121445/http://mirmidon.com/artistas/azizabrahim/
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    http://www.efeeme.com/ya-se-conoce-el-cartel-del-womad-caceres-2012/
    http://aziza-brahim.blogspot.com/2013/11/blog-post.html
    https://www.wmce.de/?chartUrlMonth=3&chartUrlYear=2014
  Lolo Soetoro - Wikipedia
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    Sat, 25 Jul 2020 20:14
    Lolo Soetoro (EYD: Lolo Sutoro; Javanese: [ËlÉ'lÉ' suËËtÉ'rÉ'Ë] ; 2 January 1935[1] '' 2 March 1987), also known as Lolo Soetoro Mangunharjo[2][3] or Mangundikardjo,[4] was an Indonesian who once became the stepfather of Barack Obama, the 44th President of the United States.[5]
    Early life and education [ edit ] Soetoro was born in Bandung, West Java, Dutch East Indies (now Indonesia), the ninth of 10 children of Martodihardjo, an employee of a mining office from Yogyakarta.[1] Soetoro's father and eldest brother were killed during the Indonesian National Revolution, when Indonesia won independence from the Dutch, and the Dutch army burned the family's home. Soetoro fled with his mother to the countryside.[6]
    Soetoro earned his bachelor's degree in geography from Gadjah Mada University, in Yogyakarta.[1] In 1962, Soetoro, then a civilian employee of the Indonesian Army Topographic Service, obtained an East''West Center grant for graduate study in geography at the University of Hawaii at Manoa.[7] He arrived in Honolulu in September 1962 and graduated from the university with a M.A. in geography in June 1964.[8]
    Marriage to Ann Dunham [ edit ] After living in Seattle, Washington with her infant son Barack from September 1961 to June 1962 while taking classes at the University of Washington, Ann Dunham returned to Honolulu and resumed her undergraduate education at the University of Hawaii in January 1963.[9] In January 1964 she filed for divorce[10] from her estranged husband, Barack Hussein Obama Sr., who had left Hawaii in June 1962 to pursue graduate study at Harvard University.[11]
    Soetoro and Dunham met at the East-West Center while both were students at the University of Hawaii.[10][12][13] Soetoro and Dunham married in Hawaii on 15 March 1965.[13][14] Soetoro, a geographer,[13][15] returned to Indonesia in 1966,[16] to help map Western New Guinea[11] for the Indonesian government, while Dunham and her son moved into her parents' house in Honolulu to complete her studies at the University of Hawaii;[17] she earned a B.A. in anthropology in 1967.[18] Her son attended kindergarten from 1966 to 1967 at Noelani Elementary School in Honolulu.[17][19]
    In 1967, Dunham and her six-year-old son moved to Jakarta to rejoin Soetoro.[20] The reunited family initially lived in a new modest stucco and red tile house at 16 Kyai Haji Ramli Tengah Street in a newly built neighborhood in the Menteng Dalam administrative village of the Tebet subdistrict in South Jakarta for two and a half years,[20][21][22] and owned a new Japanese motorcycle.[23] From January 1968 to December 1969, Dunham taught English and was an assistant director of the Lembaga Persahabatan Indonesia Amerika (LIA)''the Indonesia-America Friendship Institute''which was subsidized by U.S. government.[24] Obama attended the Indonesian-language Santo Fransiskus Asisi (St. Francis of Assisi) Catholic School around the corner from their house for 1st, 2nd, and part of 3rd grade.[20][21][22]
    In 1970, with his financial situation improved by a new job in government relations[25] at Union Oil Company,[1][11][13] Soetoro moved his family two miles north to a rented house at 22 Taman Amir Hamzah Street in the Matraman Dalam neighborhood in the Pegangsaan administrative village of the Menteng subdistrict in Central Jakarta,[20][22] with a car replacing their motorcycle.[26] From January 1970 to August 1972, Dunham taught English and was a department head and a director of the Lembaga Pendidikan dan Pengembangan Manajemen (LPPM)''the Institute of Management Education and Development.[24] Obama attended the Indonesian-language government-run Besuki School one and a half miles west in the exclusive Menteng administrative village of the Menteng subdistrict for part of 3rd grade and for 4th grade.[20][21][22]
    In mid-1970, between 3rd and 4th grades at the Besuki School, Obama spent the summer in Hawaii with his grandparents, Stanley and Madelyn Dunham, and interviewed for admission to the Punahou School in Honolulu.[27] On 15 August 1970, Soetoro and Dunham had a daughter, Maya Kasandra Soetoro.[28][29]
    In mid-1971, Obama moved back to Hawaii to live with his grandparents and attend Punahou School starting in 5th grade.[30] A year later, in August 1972, Dunham, with the help of her employer (LPPM), obtained an Asia Foundation grant to begin graduate study in anthropology at the University of Hawaii at Manoa.[24][31] She and her daughter moved back to Hawaii where they rejoined Obama.[24][31]
    Dunham completed her coursework at the University of Hawaii for a M.A. in anthropology in December 1974,[18] and after three years in Hawaii, returned with her daughter to Jakarta in 1975 to complete her contract with LPPM and do anthropological field work.[24][31] Obama chose to stay with his grandparents in Hawaii to continue attending Punahou School for high school.[32] In 1976, Dunham and her daughter moved to Yogyakarta, living for half a year with Soetoro's 76-year-old mother.[31]
    During their years in Indonesia, Dunham became increasingly interested in the country's culture, while Soetoro became more interested in Western culture,[10] and their relationship was in conflict over differing values.[33] Their divorce became final on 6 November 1980.[10]
    In his 1995 memoir Dreams from My Father, Obama described Soetoro as well-mannered, even-tempered, and easy with people; he wrote of the struggles he felt Soetoro had to deal with after his return to Indonesia from Hawaii.[34] He described his stepfather as following "a brand of Islam that could make room for the remnants of more ancient, classical, and Dharmic philosophies such as that of the Hindu."[35][36] In a 2007 article, Chicago Tribune foreign correspondent Kim Barker reported that Soetoro "was much more of a free spirit than a devout Muslim, according to former friends and neighbors."[20]
    Later life [ edit ] Soetoro married Erna Kustina in 1980 and had two children, son Yusuf Aji Soetoro (born 1981), and daughter Rahayu Nurmaida Soetoro (born 1984).[37]
    Soetoro died, age 52, on 2 March 1987, of liver failure,[28][35] and was buried in Tanah Kusir Cemetery, South Jakarta.
    Notes [ edit ] ^ a b c d Habib, Ridlawn (5 November 2008). "Kalau ke Jogja, Barry bisa habiskan seekor ayam baceman" [If traveling to Yogyakrta, Barry can eat one whole chicken]. Jawa Pos (in Indonesian). Surabya . Retrieved 10 November 2008 . Google Translate's English translation Lolo studied geography at Gadjah Mada University and got a scholarship from the Indonesian Army Topographic Service. After working for the Indonesian Army Topographic Service, he worked for an American oil company, Unocal [Union Oil Company]. ^ Asydhad, Arifin (6 July 2006). "Jejak Barack Obama: suka pramuka, sering bagi cokelat (Barack Obama impression: scouts like, frequently for chocolate)" (in Indonesian). Jakarta: detikNews.com (a web portal founded in 1998 by Abdul Rahman and Budiono Darsono as part of PT Agranet Multicitra Siberkom (PT Agrakom)'--an Internet startup company founded in 1995) . Retrieved 11 November 2008 . Google Translate's English translation ^ . (2008). "Lolo Soetoro Mangunharjo". GeneAll.world. Lisbon: GeneAll.net . Retrieved 19 June 2008 . CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link) ^ Oraw, Nirina (citizen journalist) (25 January 2007). "Barry Soetoro calon Presiden AS (U.S. Presidential candidate Barry Obama)". KabarIndonesia.com (in Indonesian). Alphen aan den Rijn, The Netherlands: Yayasan Peduli Indonesia (Care Foundation Indonesia) . Retrieved 11 November 2008 . Toshihiko Atsuyama's (Foreign Prophecies blog) English translation ^ Nathalia, Telly (5 June 2008). "Indonesians reflect with pride on Obama nomination". Reuters.com . Retrieved 17 June 2008 . ^ Obama (1995, 2004), p. 42. ^ "For the record: President Obama's East-West Center connections" (PDF) . East-West Center Press Kit. Honolulu: East''West Center. 11 September 2009 . Retrieved 6 February 2011 . Obama's stepfather, Lolo Soetoro, was an East''West Center graduate degree fellow (M.A. in geography) from 1962''64, before he married Obama's mother. ^ Wester, Lyndon (13 October 2010). "History of the Department". Honolulu: University of Hawaii Department of Geography . Retrieved 6 February 2011 . ^ Dougherty, Phil (7 February 2009). "Stanley Ann Dunham, mother of Barack Obama, graduates from Mercer Island High School in 1960". Seattle: HistoryLink.org . Retrieved 13 January 2011 . Dougherty, Phil (10 February 2009). "Barack Obama moves to Seattle in August or early September 1961". Seattle: HistoryLink.org . Retrieved 6 February 2011 . ^ a b c d Ripley, Amanda (9 April 2008). "The story of Barack Obama's mother". time.com . Retrieved 13 January 2011 . ^ a b c Maraniss, David (22 August 2008). "Though Obama had to leave to find himself, it is Hawaii that made his rise possible". washingtonpost.com . Retrieved 13 January 2011 . Lolo was off working for Union Oil '... He had been summoned back to his country from Hawaii in 1966 and sent to work in New Guinea for a year '... . (20 June 1962). "Kenyan student wins fellowship". Honolulu Star-Bulletin. p. 7. CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link) Griffin, John (22 June 1962). "First UH African graduate gives view on E-W Center". The Honolulu Advertiser. p. B?. ^ Solomon, Deborah (20 January 2008). "Questions for Maya Soetoro-Ng: All in the family". The New York Times Magazine. p. 17 . Retrieved 13 January 2011 . ^ a b c d Nakaso, Dan (12 September 2008). "Obama's mother's work focus of UH seminar". The Honolulu Advertiser . Retrieved 6 February 2011 . At UH, she fell in love with a Javanese candidate for a master's degree in geography named Soetoro Martodihardjo, who went by the Javanese nickname, "Lolo" Soetoro. They married in 1965 ...The Dutch had ceded Western New Guinea to Indonesia, and geographer Lolo Soetoro returned to map the new divide between Eastern Guinea, which was under British/Australian control, and the Western portion. In the early 1970s '... "He got a job with Union Oil," [Alice G.] Dewey said. "Lolo joked that they got divorced because she was falling in love with Javanese handcrafts and he was becoming an American oil man, which wasn't far from the truth.
    ^ Date of marriage from Stanley Ann's application to amend her US passport, 6/29/1967. ^ Obama (1995, 2004), p. 43: He was working for the army as a geologist [sic], surveying roads and tunnels, when she arrived. It was mind-numbing work that didn't pay very much '... ^ Scott, Janny (14 March 2008). "A free-spirited wanderer who set Obama's path". The New York Times. p. A1 . Retrieved 20 April 2011 . he was summoned home in 1966 '... ^ a b Hoover, Will (8 November 2008). "Obama slept here". The Honolulu Advertiser. p. A1 . Retrieved 13 January 2011 . Dingeman, Robbie (3 December 2008). "Obama childhood locales attracting more tourists". The Honolulu Advertiser. p. A1 . Retrieved 13 January 2011 . ^ a b Essoyan, Susan (13 September 2008). "A woman of the people; a symposium recalls the efforts of Stanley Ann Dunham to aid the poor". Honolulu Star-Bulletin . Retrieved 20 April 2011 . Dunham earned her bachelor's, master's and Ph.D. in anthropology at the University of Hawaii. Dewey, Alice; White, Geoffrey (November 2008). "Ann Dunham: a personal reflection". Anthropology News. 49 (8): 20. doi:10.1111/an.2008.49.8.20. reprinted by:Dewey, Alice; White, Geoffrey (9 March 2009). "Ann Dunham: a personal reflection". Honolulu: University of Hawaii Department of Anthropology. Archived from the original on 10 June 2010 . Retrieved 13 January 2011 . Dunham (2009), p. 376: "S. Ann Dunham (1942''95), mother of President Barack Obama and Maya Soetoro-ng, earned her undergraduate, master's and doctoral degrees, all in anthropology, from the University of HawaiÊ>>i at Manoa." ^ San Nicholas, Claudine (21 January 2009). "Retired teachers on Maui recall young, 'cute' student Barry; Instructors worked at Noelani Elementary School on Oahu when Obama was in kindergarten class". Maui News. Wailuku . Retrieved 13 January 2011 . ^ a b c d e f Barker, Kim (25 March 2007). "History of schooling distorted". Chicago Tribune. p. 28 . Retrieved 26 July 2009 . Obama and his mother moved from Honolulu to Jakarta to join Soetoro in 1967, when Obama was 6.In their first neighborhood ... Soetoro usually was too busy working, first for the Indonesian army and later for a Western oil company.Zulfan Adi, a former neighborhood playmate of Obama's who has been cited in news reports as saying Obama regularly attended Friday prayers with Soetoro, told the Tribune he was not certain about that when pressed about his recollections. He only knew Obama for a few months, during 1970, when his family moved to the neighborhood.In late 1970, Obama's family moved to another neighborhood, and Obama enrolled in Public Elementary School Menteng No. 1 ...
    ^ a b c Watson, Paul (15 March 2007). "As a child, Obama crossed a cultural divide in Indonesia". Los Angeles Times. p. A1 . Retrieved 21 June 2008 . Soetoro worked for Mobil Oil ... Adi said. ^ a b c d Anderton, Trish (26 June 2007). "Obama's Jakarta trail". The Jakarta Post. Archived from the original on 12 June 2008 . Retrieved 19 June 2008 . Nazeer, Zubaidah; Samon, Mohd Ishak (27 January 2009). "Where Obama won a keropok eating contest". The New Paper. Singapore: AsiaOne.com . Retrieved 20 April 2011 . he joined ... Besuki SDN Menteng, where Mr Effendi taught, in 1970. Barry came into his class a month late, in February 1970 because he had transferred from the Catholic elementary school St Francis Assisi. Higgins, Andrew (9 April 2010). "Catholic school in Indonesia seeks recognition for its role in Obama's life". The Washington Post. p. A1 . Retrieved 1 January 2011 . Onishi, Norimitsu (9 November 2010). "Obama visits a nation that knew him as Barry". The New York Times. p. A14 . Retrieved 1 January 2011 . ^ Obama (1995, 2004), p. 32.Maraniss (2012), pp. 230, 240. ^ a b c d e Dunham, S. Ann (2008). "Tentang penulis (About the author)". Pendekar-pendekar besi Nusantara: kajian antropologi tentang pandai besi tradisional di Indonesia (Peasant blacksmithing in Indonesia: surviving and thriving against all odds). Bandung: Mizan. pp. 211''219. ISBN 978-979-433-534-5. ^ Sheridan, Michael; Baxter, Sarah (28 January 2007). "Secrets of Obama family unlocked". The Sunday Times. London. p. 25 . Retrieved 27 August 2009 . Soetoro became a government relations consultant with a big US oil company. reprinted Archived 29 January 2013 at Archive.today on 2007-02-01 by The Muslim Observer ^ Obama (1995, 2004). p. 46. ^ Obama (1995, 2004). pp. 54, 58.Maraniss (2012), pp. 230, 240. ^ a b Fornek, Scott; Good, Greg (9 September 2007). "The Obama family tree" (PDF) . Chicago Sun-Times. p. 2B. Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 June 2008 . Retrieved 21 June 2008 . ^ Jones, Bart; Lefkowitz, Melanie; Henderson, Nia-Malika; Evans, Martin C. (8 November 2008). "Timeline: Obama through the years". Newsday. Melville, N.Y . Retrieved 9 November 2008 . ^ Obama (1995, 2004). pp. 58''59.Maraniss (2012), pp. 264''266. ^ a b c d Dunham (2009), pp. xli''xliv: "January 8, 1976 letter from Ann Dunham Soetoro (Jl. Polowijan 3, Kraton, Yogyakarta) to Prof. Alice G. Dewey (Univ. of Hawaii, Honolulu)." ^ Mendell, David (2007). Obama: from promise to power. New York: Amistad/HarperCollins. p. 43. ISBN 0-06-085820-6. ^ Obama (1998, 2004), pp. 44''47.Maraniss (2012), pp. 242''243. ^ Obama (1995, 2004), pp. 30''31. ^ a b Fornek, Scott (9 September 2007). "Lolo Soetoro; 'A piece of tiger meat ' ". Chicago Sun-Times . Retrieved 17 June 2008 . ^ Obama (1995, 2004), p. 37. ^ Habib, Ridlwan (6 November 2008). "Keluarga besar Lolo Soetoro, kerabat dekat calon Presiden Amerika di Jakarta (Lolo Soetoro's extended family in Jakarta, close relatives to American Presidential nominee)". Jawa Pos (in Indonesian). Surabya . Retrieved 10 November 2008 . Google Translate's English translation References [ edit ] Dunham, S. Ann; Dewey, Alice G.; Cooper, Nancy I. (2009). Surviving against the odds: village industry in Indonesia. Durham, N.C.: Duke University Press. ISBN 0-8223-4687-7. Maraniss, David (2012). Barack Obama: the story. New York: Simon & Schuster. ISBN 978-1-4391-6040-4. Obama, Barack (2004) [1995]. Dreams from my father: a story of race and inheritance. New York: Three Rivers Press. ISBN 1-4000-8277-3.
Clips
  08. Key & Peele - Obama's Anger Translator - Meet Luther - Uncensored 1.mp3
  09. Obama feared as a 'angry' black man 1.mp3
  10. TBC14 - Judge Joe Brown on Barry Soetoro 1.mp3
  11. Judge Joe Brown Drops Bombshells About Obama’s Past 1.mp3
  12. Judge Joe Brown Drops Bombshells About Obama’s Past 2.mp3
  13. Judge Joe Brown Drops Bombshells About Obama’s Past 3.mp3
  14. Barack Obama'sBarry Soetoro Connections To The CIA 4 Stages For Completion Of Communism In America 1.mp3
  15. Barack Obama'sBarry Soetoro Connections To The CIA 4 Stages For Completion Of Communism In America 2.mp3
  16. CNN The 'other' Barack Obama, Barack Obama Sr. 1.mp3
  17. CNN The 'other' Barack Obama, Barack Obama Sr. (adoption) 2.mp3
  18. CNN The 'other' Barack Obama, Barack Obama Sr. (Not POTUS) 3.mp3
  19. CNN The 'other' Barack Obama, Barack Obama Sr. (Anything Good) 4.mp3
  20. Barack Obama reads from Dreams From My Father.mp3
  21. NBC News Ann Dunham 1.mp3
  22. NBC News Ann Dunham (Nothing Traditional) 2.mp3
  23. The Ann Dunham Soetoro Endowment 1.mp3
  24. REVEALING! Dr Randy Short KNEW Obama At Harvard! Shocking Insight 1.mp3
  25. Reverend Wright Defends His Remarks 1.mp3
  26. Rev. Wright_ God Damn America - Long Version - Obama Preacher Rant 1.mp3
  27. Has Barack Obama Really Experienced Systemic Racism Larry Elder 1.mp3
  28. Michelle Obama's Slavery Roots 1.mp3
  29. New discovery of Obama's ancestry 1.mp3
  30. American Forum The Black Presidency Barack Obama and the Politics of Race in America (Michael Dyson Then) 1.mp3
  31. Michael Eric Dyson goes in on President Obama Where are you 1.mp3
  32. Michael Eric Dyson goes in on President Obama Where are you 2.mp3
  33.. What is MFAC explained (DONATION)..mp3
  34. Malia Obama Gets An Internship - BET Breaks 1.mp3
  35. Obamas 'Disgusted' By The Behavior Of Harvey Weinstein, Issue A Statement.mp3
  36. Former White House Photographer Says She Tried To Warn Obamas About Harvey Weinstein Studio 10.mp3
  37. Joan Rivers DIES after saying Obama is Gay and Michelle is a Man..mp3
  38. Joan Rivers Officiates a Gay Wedding in her Final ET Interview.mp3
  39. Rivers joked about her own death.mp3
  40. Why Joan Rivers Didn't Have to Die.mp3
  41. Instant Index Obama's Handwritten Note to Melissa Rivers.mp3
  42. Associated Press - Obama's Transgender Ex-nanny Outcast.mp3
  01. Show Topic Iso.mp3
  02. The Audacity Of Barack Obama Hardball MSNBC (The Intro) 1.mp3
  03. The Audacity Of Barack Obama Hardball MSNBC (The Run) 2.mp3
  04. The Audacity Of Barack Obama Hardball MSNBC (Legacy) 3.mp3
  05. TBC23 - Tavis Smiley Black America Lost Ground Under Obama 1.mp3
  06. TBC23 -Tavis Smiley Black America Lost Ground Under Obama 2.mp3
  07. TBC23 Tavis Smiley Black America Lost Ground Under Obama 3.mp3
Music in the Episode
  Intro: Prodigy - H.N.I.C. (Instrumental) 6 seconds
  Outro: Smiling Faces Sometimes - David Ruffin 21 seconds
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