• Moe Factz with Adam Curry for August 15th 2020, Episode number 46

• "Kamala Kanye King"

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  • Adam and Moe bring you a pot luck on the 6!

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• Executive Producers:
  • The Kleber Family
  • Samantha Henry
  • Michael Abbey
  • Karen van Haitsma
  • Brock Reinhold
  • Jimmy James
  • The McClurken Company
  • Sir Haymoose of the Piedmont Province

• Associate Executive Producers:
  • Winnipeg's McLuhan on YouTube
  • John Stein
  • Riley Kopelman
  • Erik Höchel
  • Craig Knowsley
  • Daniel White
  • Douglas Mook

• Episode 46 Club Members
  • Michael Olsen

• ShowNotes
  • Angela Stanton King '' Congress 2020
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    • Join our team we are Stronger Together!
    • Reforming the Criminal Justice System
    • About Angela "With a strong history of public service, I know what it takes to find solutions, navigate complicated government agencies and get things done."
    • We believe that every hardworking family deserves a good job, a quality life for their kids.
    • We must stand up for those left behind by automation, and a broken political system.
    • Join The Fight.Make a Difference
    • ''I believe that the healing and equipping of our vulnerable populations will lead to the flourishing of our city'...''
    • Where I Stand I have a strong history of public service. I've been involved with thenonprofit sector for a long time, and I want to work for you.
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  • Angela Stanton-King - Wikipedia
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    • Angela Stanton-King is an American author, television personality, and motivational speaker based in Atlanta, Georgia.[1] She spent two years in prison for conspiracy and was later pardoned by President Donald Trump. She is the Republican candidate for Georgia's 5th congressional district in the 2020 election.
    • Early life [ edit ] Stanton-King was born in Cheverly, Maryland, and grew up in Buffalo, New York. As a child, she also lived in Greensboro, North Carolina.[2] She is the goddaughter of Alveda King, Martin Luther King Jr's niece.[3]
    • Conviction and presidential pardon [ edit ] In 2004, Stanton-King was convicted on federal conspiracy charges for her role in a car theft ring and served two years in prison.[4] She gave birth while serving her sentence. Stanton-King was pardoned by President Donald Trump in February 2020. [5][6][7][8]
    • Career [ edit ] Media [ edit ] After her release from prison, Stanton-King became an author (at first under the name Angela Stanton) and a reality show star. She wrote and edited a number of independently-published autobiographical books,[9][10][11][12] one of which led to a legal dispute with The Real Housewives of Atlanta star Phaedra Parks.[13]
    • She has also appeared on the BET television program From the Bottom Up.[14]
    • Politics [ edit ] On March 6, 2020, Stanton-King officially launched a campaign to challenge incumbent Representative John Lewis for Georgia's 5th congressional district in the 2020 United States House of Representatives elections.[15][16] She won the Republican primary in an uncontested race, with polls indicating Lewis was a heavy favorite in the general election.[17][18][19] Lewis died after a battle with pancreatic cancer on July 17, 2020, and was replaced on the ballot by Nikema Williams, state senator and chair of the Georgia Democratic Party.[20][21]
    • Stanton-King is part of a coalition of black supporters of Donald Trump.[3][5]
    • She supported the First Step Act, which outlawed the handcuffing of women during childbirth. While in prison in 2004, she says she was shackled while giving birth, and that her daughter was ''snatched from [her] arms 24 hours later''.[22]
    • She supports the right to vote for anyone released after a felony conviction.[23]
    • Stanton-King has made several anti-LGBTQ statements on Twitter, including comparing the LGBTQ rights movement to pedophilia.[24]
    • According to NBC News, Stanton-King "has repeatedly tweeted the QAnon slogan".[25] She has subsequently denied any belief in the conspiracy theory.[19]
    • See also [ edit ] List of people granted executive clemency by Donald TrumpReferences [ edit ] ^ Rogers, Katie; Taylor, Derrick Bryson; Murphy, Heather (July 11, 2020). "Trump Adds Roger Stone to His List of Pardons and Commutations" '' via NYTimes.com. ^ King, Angela Stanton (2019-10-18). ''Life of a Real House Wife''. Stanton Publishing House. ^ a b Ernie Suggs, The Atlanta Journal-Constitution. "After getting Trump pardon, Angela Stanton-King sets sights on Lewis". ajc. ^ Ernie Suggs, The Atlanta Journal-Constitution. "After getting Trump pardon, Angela Stanton-King sets sights on Lewis". ajc . Retrieved 2020-07-11 . ^ a b "Angela Stanton-King: Meet the Black Republican Woman Trying to Unseat Civil Rights Icon John Lewis". EURweb. June 10, 2020. ^ "Statement from the Press Secretary Regarding Executive Grants of Clemency". The White House . Retrieved 2020-07-11 . ^ Baker, Peter; Goodman, J. David; Rothfeld, Michael; Williamson, Elizabeth (February 19, 2020). "The 11 Criminals Granted Clemency by Trump Had One Thing in Common: Connections" '' via NYTimes.com. ^ Taylor, Derrick Bryson; Murphy, Heather; Padilla, Mariel (February 18, 2020). "A List of Trump's Pardons and Commutations" '' via NYTimes.com. ^ Stanton, Angela (April 22, 2018). "Life of A Real Housewife: The Angela Stanton Story". Stanton Publishing House '' via Google Books. ^ Stanton-King, Angela (October 30, 2019). "Dismissed with Prejudice: Phaedra Parks vs. Angela Stanton". Stanton Publishing House '' via Google Books. ^ Stanton-King, Angela (October 30, 2019). "LIFE BEYOND THESE WALLS". Stanton Publishing House '' via Google Books. ^ Stanton-King, Angela (February 9, 2019). "Juvenile Stories: Untold Stories From Within". Independently Published '' via Google Books. ^ Stephanie Toone, The Atlanta Journal-Constitution. "5 things to know about Phaedra Parks' battle over the 'Lies of a Real Housewife' book". ajc. ^ "Angela Stanton is a new cast member on BET's From the Bottom Up". February 26, 2018. ^ "Woman pardoned by Trump challenges Rep. John Lewis for Congressional seat". TheGrio. March 9, 2020. ^ "Angela Stanton-King, Ga. woman pardoned by Trump, to challenge Rep. John Lewis". The Washington Times . Retrieved July 1, 2020 . ^ "Georgia Primary Election Results: Fifth Congressional District" '' via NYTimes.com. ^ "REP - US HOUSE DIST 5". Georgia Secretary of State . Retrieved June 9, 2020 . ^ a b Matthew Rosenberg and Jennifer Steinhauer (July 14, 2020). "The QAnon Candidates Are Here. Trump Has Paved Their Way". The New York Times . Retrieved July 14, 2020 . A month earlier, the Republican National Committee gave $2,200 to Angela Stanton-King, a House candidate in Georgia who has repeatedly posted QAnon content and obscure hashtags, such as ''#trusttheplan.'' The Georgia Republican Party gave an additional $2,800 to Ms. Stanton-King, who was pardoned this year by Mr. Trump for her role in a car-theft ring. She is expected to be roundly defeated in her heavily Democratic district. Ms. Stanton-King has since denied believing in any QAnon conspiracies. Yet in recent days she was again tweeting about ''global elite pedophiles,'' as well as a new conspiracy theory involving a purported child-trafficking ring run by an online furniture retailer. ^ Seelye, Katharine Q. (2020-07-17). "John Lewis, Towering Figure of Civil Rights Era, Dies at 80". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331 . Retrieved 2020-07-20 . ^ Bluestein, Greg. "Democrats tap Nikema Williams to replace John Lewis on November ballot". The Atlanta Journal-Constitution . Retrieved 2020-07-20 . ^ "Meet the Black Republican Woman Trying to Unseat Civil Rights Icon John Lewis". The Washington Informer. June 10, 2020. ^ "These Political Candidates Are Embracing Their Criminal Records". The Marshall Project. June 23, 2020. ^ "GOP candidate pardoned by Trump compares 'LGBTQ movement' to 'pedophilia ' ". NBC News. ^ "A QAnon caucus? Fringe conspiracy theory advocates aim for Congress". NBC News. External links [ edit ] Website
  • KANYE WEST
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    • We will not hide the truth from our children, but will declare to the next generation His praises and wonder. Psalm 78:4 God has plans to give us hope and a future. Jeremiah 29:11 Direct your children on the right path. Proverbs 22:6 Through God we shall do valiantly. Psalm 60:12 There will not be differing weights and differing measures. Proverbs 20:10 We will speak for those who cannot speak for themselves. Proverbs 31:8 The past is forgotten and everything can be new 2 Corinthians 5:17 Blessed are the peacemakers, for they shall be called sons of God. Matthew 5:9 We will provide ways to motivate one another to acts of love and good works Hebrews 10:24 He has given them skill in all kinds of work done. Exodus 35:35
  • Great Replacement - Wikipedia
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    • Conspiracy theory
    • The Great Replacement (French: grand remplacement), also known as the replacement theory,[1][2] is a white nationalist far-right[3] conspiracy theory[4][5][6] which states that, with the complicity or cooperation of "replacist" elites,[a][4][7] the white French population'--as well as white European population at large'--is being progressively replaced with non-European peoples'--specifically Arab, Berber and sub-Saharan Muslim populations from Africa and the Middle East'--through mass migration, demographic growth and a European drop in the birth rate.[4][8] Scholars have generally dismissed the claims of a "great replacement" as being rooted in a misreading of immigration statistics and unscientific, racist views.[9][10]
    • While similar themes have characterized various far-right theories, the term "Great Replacement" was popularized by the French author Renaud Camus in his 2011 book Le Grand Remplacement (English: The Great Replacement). It specifically associated the presence of Muslims in France with potential danger and destruction of French culture and civilization. Camus and other conspiracy theorists attribute this process to intentional policies advanced by global and liberal elites (i.e., the "replacists") from within the Government of France, the European Union, or the United Nations, and describe it as a "genocide by substitution".[4]
    • The "Great Replacement" is included in a larger white genocide conspiracy theory that has spread in Western far-right movements since the late 20th century.[3] Despite their common reference to a "genocide" of indigenous white peoples and a global plan led by a conspiring power, Camus's theory does not include an antisemitic Jewish plot. His removal of antisemitism from the original neo-Nazi conspiracy theory, along with his use of simple catch-all slogans, have been cited as reasons for its broader appeal.[11]
    • Description [ edit ] The "Great Replacement'' theory was developed by French author Renaud Camus, initially in a 2010 book titled L'Ab(C)c(C)daire de l'in-nocence ("Abecedarium of no-harm"),[14] and the following year in an eponymous book, Le Grand Remplacement (introduction au remplacisme global).[b] Camus has claimed that the name Grand Remplacement "came to [him], almost by chance, perhaps in a more or less unconscious reference to the Grand D(C)rangement of the Acadians in the 18th century."[15] Commenting on the name, he has also declared that his theory was the "implementation in real life" of Bertolt Brecht's quip that the easiest thing to do for a government was to change the people had the people forfeited its confidence.[16]
    • According to Camus, the "Great Replacement" has been nourished by "industrialisation", "despiritualisation" and "deculturation";[c][17][18] the materialistic society and globalism having created a "replaceable human, without any national, ethnic or cultural specificity",[19] what he labels "global replacism".[20] Camus claims that "the great replacement does not need a definition," as the term is not, in his views, a "concept" but rather a "phenomenon":[21]
    • Renaud Camus, progenitor of the Great Replacement theory. March 2019
    • A people was here, stable, had been occupying the same territory for fifteen or twenty centuries. And suddenly, very quickly, in one or two generations, one or several other peoples substitute themselves for him. He is replaced, it is not him anymore.
    • In Camus's theory, the indigenous French people ("the replaced")[d][15] is described as being demographically replaced by non-European peoples'--mainly coming from Africa or the Middle East'--in a process of "peopling immigration" encouraged by a "replacist power".[a][4][22] According to French philosopher Pierre-Andr(C) Taguieff, the validity for using the term "conspiracy theory" to define Camus's concept indeed lies in the second part of the proposition:
    • To [the theory of a replacement through mass immigration], that claims itself to be an observation or a description, is added in the "anti-replacist" vision a conspiracy theory which attributes to the "replacist" elites the desire to achieve the "Great Replacement". From the ideas of "peopling colonisation" and "mass immigration", "anti-replacists" went to that of a genocide by ethnic, racial and cultural substitution, involving the completion of a programme or an action plan.
    • Camus frequently uses terms and concepts related to the period of Nazi-occupied France (1940''1945). He for instance labels "colonizers" or "Occupiers"[e] people of non-European descent who reside in Europe,[23][24] and dismisses what he calls the "replacist elites" as "collaborationist".[25] Camus founded in 2017 an organization named the National Council of European Resistance, in a self-evident reference to the World War II National Council of the Resistance (1943''1945).[26] This analogy to the French resistance against Nazism has been described as an implicit call to hatred, direct action or even violence against what Camus labels the "Occupiers; i.e. the immigrants".[25] Camus has also compared the Great Replacement and the so-called "genocide by substitution" of the European peoples to the genocide of the European Jews during World War II.[26]
    • The Occupation provoked among the French, and especially among the resisters, a very intense feeling of hatred [...] Moreover this occupation was made of persons in uniforms [...] How could you not provoke, with such an analogy, a hatred that some will judge salutary towards any immigrant they will meet [...]? It appears to me contradictory on your side to say that you condemn hatred, while at the same time drawing inspiration from that incendiary analogy to describe our times.
    • Origins [ edit ] Context [ edit ] Renaud Camus developed his conspiracy theory in two books published in 2010 and 2011, in the context of an increase in anti-immigrant rhetoric in public discourse during the previous decade.[27] Europe also experienced an escalation in Islamic terrorist attacks during the 2000s''2010s,[28] and a migrant crisis that began in 2015,[29] which participated in exacerbating tensions and preparing the public opinion for the reception of Camus's conspiracy theory.[7] As the latter depicts a population replacement said to occur in a short time lapse of one or two generations, the migrant crisis was particularly conducive to the spread of Camus's ideas'--even though France was not the main European country concerned with the migration flows'--while the terrorist attacks accelerated the construction of immigrants as an existential threat among those who shared such a worldview.[7]
    • Camus's theme of a future demise of European culture and civilization also parallels a "cultural pessimistic" and anti-Islam trend among European intellectuals of the period, illustrated in several best-selling and straightforwardly titled books released during the 2010s: Thilo Sarrazin's Germany Abolishes Itself (2010), ‰ric Zemmour's The French Suicide (2014) or Michel Houellebecq's Submission (2015).
    • Claimed influences [ edit ] Renaud Camus cites two influential figures in the epilogue of his 2011 book The Great Replacement: British politician Enoch Powell's apocalyptic vision of future race relations'--expressed in his 1968 "Rivers of Blood" speech'--and French author Jean Raspail's depiction of the collapse of the West from an overwhelming "tidal wave" of Third World immigration, featured in his 1973 novel The Camp of the Saints.[11]
    • Camus also declared to British magazine The Spectator in 2016 that a key to understanding the "Great Replacement" can be found in his 2002 book Du Sens.[33] In the latter he wrote that the words "France" and "French" equal a natural and physical reality rather than a legal one, in a cratylism similar to Charles Maurras's distinction between the "legal" and the "real country".[f][34] During the same interview, Camus mentioned that he began to imagine his conspiracy theory back in 1996, during the redaction of a guidebook on the department of H(C)rault, in the South of France: "I suddenly realized that in very old villages [...] the population had totally changed too [...] this is when I began to write like that."[33]
    • Similar themes [ edit ] Despite its own singularities and concepts, the "Great Replacement" is encompassed in a larger and older "white genocide" conspiracy theory, popularized in the US by neo-Nazi David Lane in his 1995 White Genocide Manifesto, where he asserted that governments in Western countries were intending to turn white people into "extinct species".[36][37] The idea of a "replacement" of indigenous white people under the guidance of a hostile elite can be further traced back to pre-WWII antisemitic conspiracy theories which posited the existence of a Jewish plot to destroy Europe through miscegenation, especially in ‰douard Drumont's antisemitic bestseller La France juive (1886). Commenting on this resemblance, historian Nicolas Lebourg and political scientist Jean-Yves Camus suggest that Camus's contribution was to replace the antisemitic elements with a clash of civilizations between Muslims and Europeans.[11]
    • To succeed in their attack on Christian civilization, Jews in France had to deceive, lie, and take the disguises of free thinkers. If they had said frankly: "We want to destroy this ancient France, which was so glorious and beautiful, to replace it with the domination of a handful of Hebrews from all countries", our fathers, who were less softened than us, would not have let themselves be taken in.
    • Maurice Barr¨s's nationalist writings of that period have also been noted in the ideological genealogy of the "Great Replacement", Barr¨s contending both in 1889 and in 1900 that a replacement of the native population under the combined effect of immigration and a decline in the birth rate was happening in France.[39] Scholars also highlight a modern similarity to European neo-fascist and neo-Nazi thinkers from the immediate post-war, especially Maurice Bard¨che, Ren(C) Binet and Gaston-Armand Amaudruz.[40][41] Influenced by Binet's 1950 Th(C)orie du Racisme[42]'--with its idea of an "interbreeding capitalism" aiming at creating a "uniform inhumanity"[43]'--French 1960s far-right movements such as Europe-Action used terms that echo Camus's concepts, labeling the Algerian immigration an "invasion", arguing that "systematic race mixing is nothing more than a slow genocide",[44] and fearing a future France "occupied by twenty million Maghrebi Arabs and twenty million Negro-Africans":[45][46]
    • In France, the significant immigration of colored elements is a grave issue ['...]. We also know the size of the North African population [...]. What is serious for the future: we know that the basis of European settlement, which allowed for civilizing expansion, was that of a white ethnic group. The destruction of this balance, which can be quick, will lead to our disappearance and that of our civilization.
    • The associated and more recent conspiracy theory of "Eurabia", published by British author Bat Ye'or in her 2005 eponymous book, is often cited as a probable inspiration for Camus's "Great Replacement".[47][48][49] Eurabia theory likewise involves globalist entities, that time led by both French and Arab powers, conspiring to Islamize Europe, with Muslims submerging the continent through immigration and higher birth rates.[50] The conspiracy theory also depicts immigrants as invaders or as a fifth column, invited to the continent by a corrupt political elite.[51][52] Scholars generally agree that, although he did not father the theme, Camus indeed coined the term "Great Replacement" as a slogan and concept, and eventually led it to its fame in the 2010s.[53][54]
    • Analysis [ edit ] Demographic statistics [ edit ] While the ethnic demography of France has shifted as a result of post-WWII immigration, scholars have generally dismissed the claims of a "great replacement" as being rooted in an exaggeration of immigration statistics and unscientific, racially prejudiced views.[9] Demographer Landis MacKellar has said that around 5''10% of French residents were Muslims as of 2016, making a "replacement" unlikely, and criticized Camus's thesis for assuming "that third- and fourth- generation 'immigrants' are somehow not French."[10]
    • Racial connotations [ edit ] In German discourse, Austrian political scientist Rainer Baub¶ck [de] questioned the conspiracy theorists' use of the terms "population replacement" or "exchange" ("Bev¶lkerungsaustausch"). Using Ruth Wodak's analysis that the slogan needs to be viewed in its historical context, Baub¶ck has concluded that the conspiracy theory is a reemergence of the Nazi ideology of Umvolkung ("ethnicity inversion").[55]
    • In May 2019, political journalist Nick Cohen described the Great Replacement as a form of racism and propaganda, alongside a fear European men are not virile enough.[56] The same month, historian Anne Applebaum wrote that the conspiracy theory was used as a gateway from discussing the effects of immigration and Islam's compatibility with the Western world to forms of extremism, such as advocating for the "remigration" or the murder of migrants.[57]
    • Popularity [ edit ] Camus's tract for his 2014 "day of anger" demonstration against the "great replacement": "No to the change of people and of civilization, no to antisemitism"
    • The simplicity and use of catch-all slogans in Camus's formulations'--"you have one people, and in the space of a generation you have a different people"'-- as well as his removal of antisemitism from the original neo-Nazi "white genocide" conspiracy theory, have been cited as conducive to the popularity of the "Great Replacement".[11]
    • In a survey led by Ifop in December 2018, 25% of the French subscribed to the conspiracy theory; as well as 46% of the responders who defined themselves as "Gilets Jaunes" (Yellow Vest protesters).[58] The theory has also become influential in far-right and white nationalist circles outside of France.[59]
    • The conspiracy theory has been cited by Canadian far-right political activist Lauren Southern in a YouTube video of the same name released in July 2017. Southern's video had attracted in 2019 more than 670,000 viewers[60] and is credited with helping to popularize the conspiracy theory.[61] Counter-jihad Norwegian blogger Fjordman has also participated in spreading the theory.[62]
    • Prominent right-wing extremist websites such as Gates of Vienna, Politically Incorrect, and Fdesouche have provided a platform for bloggers to diffuse and popularize the theory of the "Great Replacement".[63] Among its main promoters are also a wide-ranging network of loosely connected white nationalist movements, especially the Identitarian movement in Europe,[64] and other groups like PEGIDA in Germany.[65]
    • Political influence [ edit ] Europe [ edit ] Austria [ edit ] Identit¤re Bewegung –sterreich (IB–), the Austrian branch of the Identitarian movement, promotes this theory, citing a "great exchange"[g] or replacement of the population that supposedly needs to be reversed.[66] In April 2019, Heinz-Christian Strache campaigning for his FP– party ahead of the 2019 European Parliament election endorsed the conspiracy theory.[67] Claiming that "population replacement" in Austria was a real threat, he stated that "We don't want to become a minority in our own country".[68] Compatriot Martin Sellner, who also supports the theory, celebrated Strache's political use of the Great Replacement.[69][70]
    • Belgium [ edit ] In September 2018, Schild & Vrienden [nl] , an extremist Flemish youth organization, were reported to be endorsing the conspiracy theory. The group, claiming that native populations of Europe were being replaced by migrants; they proposed an end to all immigration, forced deportation of non-whites, and the founding of ethnostates.[71] The following month, VRT detailed how the organization was discussing the Great Replacement on secretive chat channels, and using the conspiracy theory to promote Flemish ethnic identity.[72]
    • In March 2019, Flemish nationalist Dries Van Langenhove of the Vlaams Belang party, repeatedly stated that the Flemish people were "being replaced" in Belgium, posting claims on social media which endorsed the Great Replacement theory.[73][74]
    • Denmark [ edit ] Use of the Great Replacement (Danish: Store Udskiftning) conspiracy theory has become common in right-wing Danish political rhetoric. In April 2019, Rasmus Paludan, leader of the Hard Line party, which is widely associated with the Great Replacement,[75] claimed that by the year 2040 ethnic Danish people would be a minority in Denmark, having been outnumbered by Muslims and their descendants.[76] During a debate for the 2019 European Parliament elections, Rasmus used the concept to justify a proposal to ban Muslim immigration and deport all Islamic residents from the country, in what Le Monde described as Rasmus "preaching the 'great replacement theory'".[77]
    • In June 2019, Pia Kj...rsgaard invoked the conspiracy theory while serving as Speaker of the Danish Parliament. After the alleged encouragement of Muslim communities to "vote red", for the Social Democrats; Kj...rsgaard asked "What will happen? A replacement of the Danish people?".[76]
    • France [ edit ] Much of the European spread of the Great Replacement (French: Grand Remplacement) conspiracy theory rhetoric is due to its prevalence in French national discourse and media. Nationalist right-wing groups in France have asserted that there is an ongoing "Islamo-substitution" of the indigenous French population, associating the presence of Muslims in France with potential danger and destruction of French culture and civilization.[78][79][80]
    • In 2011, Marine Le Pen evoked the theory, claiming that France's "adversaries" were waging a moral and economic war on the country, apparently "to deliver it to submersion by an organized replacement of our population".[81] In 2013, historian Dominique Venner's suicide in Notre-Dame de Paris, in which he left a note outlining the "crime of the replacement of our people" is reported to have inspired the far-right Iliade Institute's main ideological tenet of the Great Replacement.[82] Referring to the conspiracy theory, Marine Le Pen publicly praised Venner, claiming that his "last gesture, eminently political, was to try to awaken the French people".[81]
    • In 2015, Guillaume Faye gave a speech at the Swedish Army Museum in Stockholm, in which he claimed there were three societal things being used against Europeans to carry out a supposed Great Replacement: abortion, homosexuality and immigration. He asserted that Muslims were replacing white people by using birthrates as a demographic weapon.[83]
    • In June 2017, a BuzzFeed investigation revealed three National Front candidates subscribing to the conspiracy theory ahead of the legislative elections.[84] These included Senator St(C)phane Ravier's personal assistant, who claimed the Great Replacement had already started in France.[85] Publishing an image of blonde girl next to the caption "Say no to white genocide", Ravier's aide politically charged the concept further, writing "the National Front or the invasion".[86]
    • By September 2018, in a meeting at Fr(C)jus, Marine Le Pen closely echoed Great Replacement rhetoric. Speaking of France, she declared that "never in the history of mankind, have we seen a society that organizes an irreversible submersion" that would eventually cause French society to "disappear by dilution or substitution, its culture and way of life".[81] Former National Assembly delegate Marion Mar(C)chal, who is a junior member of the political Le Pen family, is also a proponent of the theory.[87] In March 2019, in a trip to the U.S., Mar(C)chal evoked the theory, stating "I don't want France to become a land of Islam".[88] Insisting that the Great Replacement was "not absurd", she declared the "indigenous French" people, apparently in danger of being a minority by 2040, now wanted their "country back".[89]
    • National Rally's serving president Marine Le Pen, who is the aunt of Mar(C)chal, has been heavily influenced by the Great Replacement. FAZ newspaper has described the conspiracy theory creator Renaud Camus as Le Pen's "whisperer".[90] In May 2019, National Rally spokesman Jordan Bardella was reported to use the conspiracy theory during a televised debate with Nathalie Loiseau, after he argued that France must "turn off the tap" from the demographic bomb of African immigration into the country.[91]
    • In June 2019, ‰ric Zemmour pushed the concept in comparison to the Kosovo War, claiming "In 1900, there were 90% Serbs and 10% Muslims in Kosovo, in 1990 there were 90% Muslims and 10% Serbs, then there was war and the independence of Kosovo".[92] Zemmour, author of The French Suicide, has repeatedly described "the progressive replacement, over a few decades, of the historic population of our country by immigrants, the vast majority of them non-European".[93] Later that month, Marion Mar(C)chal joined Zemmour in invoking the Great Replacement in relation to the Balkan region, stating "I do not want my France to become Kosovo" and declared that the changing demographics of France "threatens us" ("nous menace") and that this was increasingly clear.[92]
    • Germany [ edit ] SPD politician Thilo Sarrazin is reported to be one of the most influential promoters of the Great Replacement, having published several books on the subject, some of which, such as Germany Abolishes Itself, are in high circulation.[75] Sarrazin has proposed that there are too many immigrants in Germany, and that they supposedly have lower IQs than Germans. Regarding the demographics of Germany, he has claimed that in a century ethnic Germans will drop in number to 25 million, in 200 years to eight million and in 300 years: three million.[75]
    • In May 2016, Alternative for Germany (German: Alternative f¼r Deutschland, AfD) deputy leader Beatrix von Storch co-opted and distorted the meaning of a 2001 United Nations report titled "Replacement migration", which focused on how to manage the replenishment of the population of eight low-fertility countries (France, Germany, Italy, Japan, South Korea, Russia, U.K. and U.S.), in order to push the theory.[94] Storch claimed that a mass population exchange ("Massenaustausch der Bev¶lkerung") had been planned by the UN since the publication of the report.[95]
    • In April 2017, a few months before he assumed the leadership of the AfD, Alexander Gauland released a press statement regarding the issue of family reunification for refugees, in which he claimed that "Population exchange in Germany is running at full speed".[90][95] In October 2018, following Beatrix von Storch's lead, Bundestag member Petr Bystron said the Global Compact for Migration was part of the conspiracy to bring about systemic population change in Germany.[95]
    • In March 2019, Vice Germany reported how AfD MP Harald Laatsch [de] attempted to justify and assign blame for the Christchurch mosque shootings, in relation to his "The Great Exchange"[g] theory, by asserting that the shooter's actions were driven by "overpopulation" from immigrants and "climate protection" against them. Laatsch also claimed that the climate movement, who he labelled "climate panic propagators", had a "shared responsibility" for the massacre, and singled out child activist Greta Thunberg.[94]
    • Similarly, right-wing publicist Martin Lichtmesz [de] denied that either Anders Behring Breivik's 2011 manifesto, which referred to the Eurabia variant of the "white genocide" narrative, or Brenton Tarrant's 2019 The Great Replacement manifesto, had any connection to the theory. Claiming that it was, in fact, not a conspiracy theory at all, Lichtmesz said both Breivik and Tarrant were reacting to a real phenomenon; a "historically unique experiment" of a "Great Exchange"[g] of people.[94]
    • Hungary [ edit ] Prime Minister Viktor Orbn and his political party Fidesz in Hungary have been associated with the conspiracy theory over the course of several years.[96][97] The Sydney Morning Herald detailed Orbn's belief in and promotion of the Great Replacement as being central to the modern right-wing politics of Europe. In December 2018, he claimed the "Christian identity of Europe" needed saving, and labelled refugees traveling to Europe as "Muslim invaders".[89]
    • He has stated: "In all of Europe there are fewer and fewer children, and the answer of the West is migration," concluding that "We Hungarians have a different way of thinking. Instead of just numbers, we want Hungarian children." ThinkProgress described the comments as pushing a version of the theory.[98] In April 2019, Radio New Zealand published insight that Orban's plans to cut taxes for large Hungarian families could be linked with fears of the Great Replacement.[99]
    • Italy [ edit ] Deputy Prime Minister Matteo Salvini of Italy has repeatedly adopted the theme of the Great Replacement.[96] In May 2016, two years before his election to office, he claimed "ethnic replacement is underway" in Italy in an interview with Sky TG24. Accusing nameless, well-funded organizations for importing workers that he named "farm slaves", he stated that there was a "lucrative attempt at genocide" of Italians.[100][101]
    • The Netherlands [ edit ] In April 2015, writing on the publishing website GeenStijl, scholar of Islam Hans Jansen used Great Replacement rhetoric, suggesting that it was an "undisputed" fact that among the European Union's governing elite there was a common consensus that Europeans were "no good and can be better replaced".[102] In May 2015, Martin Bosma a Dutch parliament Representative for the Party for Freedom (PVV), released his book Minority in their own land [nl] . Invoking the conspiracy theory, Bosma wrote about a growing 'a new population' of immigrants which lent itself to an apparently 'post-racial Multicultural State of Salvation'.[102]
    • By September 2015, it was reported that the two right-wing political parties Christian Democratic Appeal and the Reformed Political Party had distanced themselves from the ideology of the Great Replacement.[103] In March 2017, Thierry Baudet, founder and leader of the right wing Forum for Democracy (FvD) party, was said to promote the theory after he claimed that the country's so-called elite were deliberately "homeopathically diluting" the Dutch population, in a speech about "national self-hatred". He said there was a plot to racially mix the ethnic Dutch with "all the people of the world", so that there would "never be a Dutchman again".[102]
    • In January 2018, PVV Representative Martin Bosma endorsed the Great Replacement theory, and one of its key propagators, after meeting with Renaud Camus at a PVV demonstration in Rotterdam and tweeting his support. Filip Dewinter, a leading member of the Flemish secessionist Vlaams Belang party, who had traveled to the Netherlands on the day of the protest to meet with Camus, named him as a "visionary man" to the media.[104]
    • Party for Freedom politician Geert Wilders of the Netherlands strongly supports the notion of a Great Replacement occurring in Europe.[105][106] In October 2018, Wilders invoked the conspiracy theory, claiming the Netherlands was "being replaced with mass immigration from non-western Islamic countries" and Rotterdam being "the port of Eurabia". He claimed 77 million, mainly Islamic immigrants would attempt to enter Europe over the course of half a century, and that white Europeans would cease to exist unless they were stopped.[89] In 2019, The New York Times reported how Camus's demographic-based alarmist theories help fuel Wilders and his Party for Freedom's nativist campaigning.[2]
    • In September 2018, Dutch author Paul Scheffer analyzed the Great Replacement and its political developments, suggesting that Forum for Democracy and Party for Freedom were forming policy regarding the demography of the Netherlands through the lens of the conspiracy theory.[107]
    • United Kingdom [ edit ] In July 2019, English musician Billy Bragg criticized the Great Replacement, calling it a "racist creed" that was "being promoted so effectively by the far right that it is entering mainstream political discourse".[108] Releasing a public statement which accused fellow singer-songwriter Morrissey of endorsing the theory, he drew attention to an Institute for Strategic Dialogue report on far-right extremism. Bragg suggested "that Morrissey is helping to spread this idea'--which inspired the Christchurch mosque murderer'--is beyond doubt". He proposed that fans of Morrissey, attempting to separate his music from his political views, were potentially "helping propagate" the conspiracy theory further. Bragg included American musician Brandon Flowers in his assertions, who had days before said Morrissey was "still a king" in spite of his public support for the far right For Britain Movement.[109]
    • North America [ edit ] Canada [ edit ] YouTuber Lauren Southern of Canada is an advocate of the conspiracy theory.[89][110] In 2017, Southern dedicated a video to the Great Replacement, gaining over half a million views on her channel.[111][112] 2018 mayoral candidate for Toronto Faith Goldy has publicly embraced the replacement theory.[113][114] In 2019, in the aftermath of the Christchurch mosque shootings in Christchurch, New Zealand, Vice accused Goldy of routinely pushing the same ideas of birthrate declines and the population replacement of whites, found in the gunman's The Great Replacement manifesto.[115] Long-time white nationalist Paul Fromm when he co-opted the pre-1967 Red Ensign flag of Canada referred to it as "the flag of the true Canada, the European Canada before the treasonous European replacement schemes brought in by the 1965 immigration policies".[116]
    • In June 2019, columnist Lindsay Shepherd claimed that "whites are becoming a minority" in the West, describing her assertion as "population replacement".[117] She was criticized by Canadian MP Colin Fraser at a House of Commons justice committee for not denouncing the concept,[118] while Nathaniel Erskine-Smith accused Shepherd of openly embracing the conspiracy theory.[119]
    • United States [ edit ] In 2017, white supremacist protesters at the Unite The Right Rally in Charlottesville, Virginia used slogans that alluded to similar ideas of ethnic replacement, such as "You will not replace us" and "Jews will not replace us".[121][122] After that event, Camus told Vox that he did not support violence, and disputed any association between his ideas and neo-Nazis; however, he said he approved of the feeling behind the chant.[59]
    • In October 2018, Republican congressman Steve King endorsed the conspiracy theory,[123][124] stating: "Great replacement, yes," referring to the European migrant crisis that "these people walking into Europe by ethnic migration, 80 percent are young men."[125] King presents the Great Replacement as a shared concern of Europe and the United States, claiming that "if we continue to abort our babies and import a replacement for them in the form of young violent men, we are supplanting our culture, our civilization."[126] He has blamed George Soros as an alleged perpetrator behind the conspiracy.[127]
    • In May 2019, Florida State Senator Dennis Baxley was reported to use the replacement theory in relation to the abortion debate in the United States.[128][129] Speaking of Western European birthrates as a warning to Americans, he said: "When you get a birth rate less than 2 percent, that society is disappearing, and it's being replaced by folks that come behind them and immigrate, don't wish to assimilate into that society and they do believe in having children."[130] The following month, Nick Isgro, deputy leader of the Maine Republican Party endorsed the conspiracy theory after claiming financial subsidies were promoted for abortions in the U.S. to "kill our own people", and that asylum seekers were "human pawns who are being played in a game by global elites and their partners here in Augusta." Greg Kesich, a writer for the Portland Press Herald, reported that the current Mayor of Waterville's speech displayed the sentiment of the Great Replacement.[131]
    • In July 2019, Keith Ellison, the Attorney General of Minnesota, stated how increasing and varied hate crime, exacerbated by the 2016 Brexit vote and election of Donald Trump, was "united by so-called "replacement" theory", and that communities needed to "vigilantly and consistently counter each of these acts of violence and expressions of hate".[132] At the same time, Mick Davis, the Chief Executive and Treasurer of the Conservative Party, published his outrage of the concept. Writing in The Jewish Chronicle, Davis named the Great Replacement, "a driving force behind far right terror", as worse than merely a conspiracy theory, in that it was "profoundly antisemitic".[133]
    • According to the Institute for Strategic Dialogue's, US president Donald Trump has referenced the Great Replacement and a 2019 tweet in favour of his proposed Border Wall was interpreted by many as endorsing the theory. They also stated that Trump's Twitter account was one of the most influential accounts promoting the theory.[134] His history of describing Muslims and migrants as "invaders", according to SBS News, closely mirrors the language of explicit supporters of the theory.[96]
    • Oceania [ edit ] Australia [ edit ] The media in Australia have covered Senator Fraser Anning of Queensland and his endorsement of the Great Replacement conspiracy theory.[135] In April 2019, Reuters reported how Anning was amplifying replacement theory by suggesting that Muslims would "out-breed us very quickly".[136] In May 2019, Anning alleged that White Australians would "fast become a minority" if they did not defend their "ethno-cultural identity".[137]
    • Influence on white nationalist terrorism [ edit ] Implicit call to violence [ edit ] Camus's use of strong terms like "colonization" and "Occupiers"[e] to label non-European immigrants and their children[23][24] have been described as implicit calls to violence.[25] Scholars like Jean-Yves Camus have argued that the "Great Replacement" conspiracy theory closely parallels the concept of "remigration", an euphemistic term for the forced deportation of non-white immigrants.[14] "We shall not leave Europe, we shall make Africa leave Europe," Camus wrote in 2019 to define his political agenda for the European parliament elections.[24] He has also used another euphemism, the "Great Repatriation", to refer to remigration.[h][138]
    • According to historians Nicolas Bancel and Pascal Blanchard, along with sociologist Ahmed Boubeker, "the announcement of a civil war is implicit in the theory of the 'great replacement' [...] This thesis is extreme'--and so simplistic that it can be understood by anyone'--because it validates a racial definition of the nation." Sceptical of Camus's description of second or third generation immigrants as being itself a contradiction in terms'--"they do not migrate anymore, they are French"'--demographer Herv(C) Le Bras is also critical of their designation as a fifth column in France or an "internal enemy".[139]
    • Inspired attacks [ edit ] Fears of the white race's extinction, and replacement theory in particular, have been cited by several accused perpetrators of mass shootings between 2018 and 2019. While Camus has stated his own philosophy is a nonviolent one, analysts including Heidi Beirich of the Southern Poverty Law Center say the idea of white genocide has "undoubtedly influenced" American white supremacists, potentially leading to violence.[140]
    • In October 2018, a gunman killed 11 people and injured 6 in an attack on the Tree of Life synagogue in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. The gunman believed Jews were deliberately importing non-white immigrants into the United States as part of a conspiracy against the white race.[141][142]
    • Brenton Harrison Tarrant, the Australia-born terrorist responsible for the mass shootings at Al Noor Mosque and Linwood Islamic Centre in Christchurch, New Zealand on 15 March 2019, that killed 51 people and injured 49, named his manifesto The Great Replacement, a reference to Camus's book.[23][143] In response, Camus condemned violence while reaffirming his desire for a "counter-revolt" against an increase in nonwhite populations.[23]
    • In 2019, research by the Institute for Strategic Dialogue showed over 24,000 social media mentions of the Great Replacement in the month before the Christchurch shootings, in comparison to just 3,431 mentions in April 2012. The use of the term spiked in April 2019 after the Christchurch mosque shootings.[144]
    • Patrick Crusius, the suspect in the 2019 El Paso shooting, posted an online manifesto titled The Inconvenient Truth alluding to the "great replacement"[140] and expressing support for "the Christchurch shooter" minutes before the attack.[145] It spoke of a "Hispanic invasion of Texas" leading to "cultural and ethnic replacement" as justifications for the shooting.[140][143][145]
    • See also [ edit ] Counter-jihadEurabiaThe Kalergi Plan conspiracy theory, another variant of the white genocide conspiracy theory that heavily revolves around a supposed plan to replace and racially mix white Europeans with non-whites through immigration by Richard Coudenhove-Kalergi, an Austrian-Japanese politician and founder of the Paneuropean UnionRace suicide theory of early 20th-century eugenicistsReconquista (Southwest United States)The Protocols of the Elders of ZionWhite genocide conspiracy theoryNotes [ edit ] ^ a b French: pouvoir/(C)lite remplaciste ^ English: The Great Replacement (introduction to global replacism) ^ The French term d(C)culturation can be translated as 'loss', 'disappearance' or 'erasure' of one's culture or national feeling. ^ French: les remplac(C)s ^ a b French: colonisateurs/colonisation and Occupants ^ French: pays l(C)gal and pays r(C)el ^ a b c German: (Der) GroŸe Austausch ^ French: Grand Rapatriement References [ edit ] ^ Bracke, Sarah; Aguilar, Luis Manuel Hernndez (2020). " " They love death as we love life": The "Muslim Question" and the biopolitics of replacement". The British Journal of Sociology. n/a (n/a). doi:10.1111/1468-4446.12742 . ISSN 1468-4446. PMID 32100887. ^ a b Bowles, Nellie (18 March 2019). " ' Replacement Theory,' a Racist, Sexist Doctrine, Spreads in Far-Right Circles". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 17 May 2019 . Retrieved 17 May 2019 . Behind the idea is a racist conspiracy theory known as 'the replacement theory,' which was popularized by a right-wing French philosopher. ^ a b Bergmann (2018), p. 127: "This notion of replacement, or of white genocide, has echoed throughout the rhetoric of many anti-migrant far-right movements in the West'-- such as by neo-racist protestors in Charlottesville in the USA in 2017." ^ a b c d e f Taguieff (2015), PT71. ^ Baldauf, Johannes (2017). Toxische Narrative : Monitoring rechts-alternativer Akteure (PDF) (in Dutch). Berlin: Amadeu Antonio Stiftung. p. 11. ISBN 978-3-940878-29-8. OCLC 1042949000. Archived (PDF) from the original on 24 September 2018 . Retrieved 24 September 2018 . ...this narrative is highly compatible with concrete conspiracy narratives about how this replacement is desired and planned, either by 'the politicians' or 'the elite,' which-ever connotes Jewishness more effectively. ^ Korte, Barbara; Wendt, Simon; Falkenhayner, Nicole (2019). Heroism as a Global Phenomenon in Contemporary Culture. Routledge. PT176. ISBN 9780429557842. This conspiracy theory, which was first articulated by the French philosopher Renaud Camus, has gained a lot of traction in Europe since 2015. ^ a b c d Fourquet (2016), PT29. ^ Verstraet, Antoine (2017). "C'est §a que tu veux ? !". Savoirs et Clinique (in French). 23 (2): 55. doi:10.3917/sc.023.0055. ISSN 1634-3298. [transl. from French] This theory states that the indigenous French ("Fran§ais de souche") could soon be demographically replaced by non-European peoples, especially from the Maghreb and sub-Saharan Africa. ^ a b Jenkins, Cecil (2017). A Brief History of France. Little, Brown Book Group. PT342. ISBN 978-1-4721-4027-2. As for the grand replacement, this has been widely seen as a paranoid fantasy, which plays fast and loose with the statistics, is racist in that it classes as immigrants people actually born in France, glosses over the fact that around half of immigrants are from other European countries, and suggests that declining indigenous France will be outbred by Muslim newcomers when in fact it has the highest fertility rate in Western Europe, and not because of immigration. ^ a b MacKellar, Landis (2016). "Review: La R(C)publique islamique de France? A Review Essay". Population and Development Review. 42 (2): 368''375. doi:10.1111/j.1728-4457.2016.00130.x. JSTOR 44015644. Mich¨le Tribalat of the Institut National d'‰tudes D(C)mographiques (INED) has argued that the restriction forces policymakers to proceed with eyes wide shut, but Herv(C) Le Bras of the ‰cole d'Hautes ‰tudes en Sciences Sociales (EHESS) counters that such statistics simply objectify and dignify racist prejudices. Both views have some validity. Whichever way you feel, a consequence of our ignorance is that the specter of Le Grand Remplacement haunts French politics ^ a b c d Camus & Lebourg (2017), pp. 206''207: "The success of that umpteenth incarnation of a theme launched immediately after World War II (Camus has personally declared his indebtedness to Enoch Powell) can be explained by the fact that he subtracted anti-Semitism from the argument." ^ a b Camus, Jean-Yves; Mathieu, Annie (19 August 2017). "D'o¹ vient l'expression 'remigration'?". Le Soleil. Archived from the original on 24 May 2019. ^ a b Finkielkraut (2017), 4m25s. ^ Leconte, C(C)cile (2019). "La carri¨re militante du grand remplacement >> au sein du milieu partisan de l'Alternative pour l'Allemagne (AfD)". Politix. 126 (2): 111''134. doi:10.3917/pox.126.0111. ^ Camus, Renaud (2013). Vue d'oeil: Journal 2012 (in French). Fayard. PT21. ISBN 9782213672892. ^ Traverso, Enzo (2019). The New Faces of Fascism: Populism and the Far Right. Verso Books. p. 71. ISBN 9781788730495. ^ Joignot, Fr(C)d(C)ric (23 January 2014). "Le fantasme du "grand remplacement" d(C)mographique". Le Monde (in French). Archived from the original on 21 May 2019 . Retrieved 4 August 2019 . ^ Bromley, Roger (2018). "The politics of displacement: the Far Right narrative of Europe and its 'others ' ". From the European South. University of Nottingham. 3: 15. ^ Albertini, Dominique (13 October 2015). "Le "grand remplacement", totem extrªme". Lib(C)ration (in French). Archived from the original on 1 July 2019 . Retrieved 3 August 2019 . ^ Wilson, Andrew (27 March 2019). "Fear-Filled Apocalypses: The Far-Right's Use of Conspiracy Theories". Oxford Research Group. Archived from the original on 4 April 2019 . Retrieved 4 April 2019 . ^ a b c d Heim, Joe; McAuley, James (15 March 2019). "New Zealand attacks offer the latest evidence of a web of supremacist extremism". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on 18 March 2019 . Retrieved 16 March 2019 . Camus, now 72, told The Washington Post that he condemns the Christchurch attacks and has always condemned similar violence. [...] Camus added that he still hopes that the desire for a 'counterrevolt' against 'colonization in Europe today' will grow, a reference to increases in nonwhite populations. ^ a b c AFP (4 April 2019). "Europ(C)ennes: l'(C)crivain Renaud Camus en tªte de liste". Le Figaro. Archived from the original on 20 September 2019 . Retrieved 4 August 2019 . 'L'Europe, il ne faut pas en sortir, il faut en sortir l'Afrique' [...] 'Jamais une occupation n'a pris fin sans le d(C)part de l'occupant. Jamais une colonisation ne s'est achev(C)e sans le retrait des colonisateurs et des colons. La Ligne claire, et seule l'ªtre, c'est celle qui m¨ne du ferme constat du grand remplacement (...) l'exigence de la remigration', ajoutent-ils. ^ a b c d Finkielkraut (2017), 23m05s. ^ a b Sapiro, Gis¨le (2018). Les (C)crivains et la politique en France - De l'affaire Dreyfus la guerre d'Alg(C)rie (in French). Le Seuil. PT377. ISBN 978-2-02-140215-5. ^ Croucher, Stephen M. (2013). "Integrated Threat Theory and Acceptance of Immigrant Assimilation: An Analysis of Muslim Immigration in Western Europe". Communication Monographs. 80 (1): 46''62. doi:10.1080/03637751.2012.739704. ISSN 0363-7751. Such political rhetoric has been effective in the past decade, as more and more individuals in the US and Europe are less accepting of Muslims, particularly Muslim immigrants (Abbas, 2007; Croucher, 2008; Gonzalez et al., 2008). ^ "EU Terrorism Situation & Trend Report (Te-Sat)". Europol. Archived from the original on 17 July 2019 . Retrieved 6 August 2019 . ^ "EU migration: Crisis in seven charts". BBC. 4 March 2016. Archived from the original on 31 January 2016 . Retrieved 6 August 2019 . ^ a b Sexton, David (3 November 2016). "Non!". The Spectator. Archived from the original on 21 August 2018 . Retrieved 20 August 2018 . ^ Chaouat, Bruno (27 August 2019). "The gay French poet behind the alt-right's favorite catch phrase". Tablet Magazine. Archived from the original on 28 August 2019 . Retrieved 2 September 2019 . ^ Berger, J. M. "How 'The Turner Diaries' Changed White Nationalism". The Atlantic. Archived from the original on 6 August 2019 . Retrieved 24 November 2017 . The manifesto itself was soon reduced to the simple phrase 'white genocide', which proliferated at the start of the 21st century and has become the overwhelmingly dominant meme of modern white nationalism. ^ Dessem, Matthew (26 December 2016). "Drexel University, Apparently Unfamiliar With White Supremacist Lingo, Censures Prof For 'White Genocide' Tweet". Slate. ISSN 1091-2339. Archived from the original on 15 October 2018 . Retrieved 24 November 2017 . Although it's difficult to date precisely, white supremacist publishing houses being somewhat less reliable than Simon & Schuster, that honor probably belongs to the late David Lane, terrorist, white supremacist, and author of an execrable little essay called 'White Genocide Manifesto'. ^ Kauffmann, Gr(C)goire (2016). Le Nouveau FN. Les vieux habits du populisme: Les vieux habits du populisme (in French). Le Seuil. PT78. ISBN 9782021300307. ^ Fran§ois, St(C)phane (6 September 2018). "En Europe, une partie de l'extrªme droite revient l'action violente". Le Monde (in French). Archived from the original on 22 August 2019 . Retrieved 3 August 2019 . ^ Debono, Emmanuel (3 November 2014). "Le Grand Remplacement et le polypier g(C)ant". Le Monde (in French). Archived from the original on 16 August 2019 . Retrieved 16 August 2019 . ^ Fran§ois, St(C)phane (23 May 2013). "Dominique Venner et le renouvellement du racisme". Fragments sur les Temps Pr(C)sents (in French). Archived from the original on 9 August 2019 . Retrieved 12 August 2019 . ^ Ren(C) Binet, Th(C)orie du Racisme, s.e., Paris, 1950, pp. 16-35 ^ Gilles Fournier, "La guerre de demain est d(C)j d(C)clench(C)e", Europe-Action, nº 16, April 1964, p. 21 ^ Algazy, Joseph (1984). La tentation n(C)o-fasciste en France: de 1944 1965 (in French). Fayard. pp. 271''74. ISBN 9782213014265. ^ Camus, Jean-Yves (1 May 2018). "Le mouvement identitaire ou la construction d'un mythe des origines europ(C)ennes". Fondation Jean-Jaur¨s (in French). Archived from the original on 16 August 2019 . Retrieved 16 August 2019 . It was the transition from French nationalism ("hexagonal") to the promotion of European identity, theorised by the Europe-Action movement in the mid-1960s, that disrupted the references of the French far-right by producing a gap that has not yet been repaired. ^ Ait Abdeslam, Abderrahim (2018). "The vilification of Muslim diaspora in French fictional novels: 'Soumission' (2015) and 'Petit Fr¨re' (2008) as case studies". Journal of Multicultural Discourses. 13 (3): 232''242. doi:10.1080/17447143.2018.1511717. ^ Liogier, Raphal (1 May 2014). "Le mythe de l'invasion arabo-musulmane". Le Monde diplomatique (in French). Archived from the original on 6 August 2019 . Retrieved 6 August 2019 . ^ Gross, Estelle; Cahuzac, Yannick. "R(C)acosph¨re : "Le conspirationnisme est au coeur de la dynamique " ". L'Obs (in French). Archived from the original on 22 August 2019 . 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Val(C)rie Igounet: 'certaines personnes ont cit(C) cette th(C)orie avant Camus mais c'est bien lui qui l'a popularis(C)e. L'association de ces deux mots a fait mouche dans un contexte fran§ais particulier, et ce de mani¨re tr¨s r(C)cente' ^ Baub¶ck, Rainer (7 May 2019). "Bev¶lkerungsaustausch oder Umvolkung? Erkl¤ren Sie den Unterschied, Herr Strache!" [Population exchange or change? Explain the difference, Mr. Strache!]. Der Standard (in German). Archived from the original on 20 May 2019 . Retrieved 19 May 2019 . ^ Cohen, Nick (18 May 2019). "When the far right crack rape jokes, it's part of a systemic bid to demean". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 19 May 2019 . Retrieved 19 May 2019 . ^ Applebaum, Anne (17 May 2019). "How Europe's 'Identitarians' are mainstreaming racism". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on 19 May 2019 . Retrieved 19 May 2019 . ^ Liabot, Thomas. "Sondage : les Gilets jaunes sont plus sensibles aux th(C)ories du complot". Le Journal du Dimanche (in French). Archived from the original on 27 April 2019 . Retrieved 3 August 2019 . ^ a b Wildman, Sarah (15 August 2017). " ' You will not replace us': a French philosopher explains the Charlottesville chant". Vox. Archived from the original on 9 August 2018. ^ The Great Replacement, archived from the original on 8 August 2019 , retrieved 4 August 2019 ^ Miller, Nick (19 March 2019). " ' The Great Replacement': an idea now at the heart of Europe's politics". The Sydney Morning Herald. Archived from the original on 31 March 2019 . Retrieved 4 April 2019 . ^ Ahmed, Nafeez (25 March 2019). " ' White genocide' theorists worm their way into the West's mainstream". Le Monde Diplomatique. Archived from the original on 7 April 2019 . Retrieved 7 April 2019 . ^ Betz, Hans-Georg (5 February 2018). "5. The Radical Right and Populism". In Rydgren, Jens (ed.). The Oxford Handbook of the Radical Right. 1. Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190274559.013.5. ISBN 9780190644185. LCCN 2017025436. ^ Dearden, Lizzie (9 November 2017). "Generation Identity: Far-right group sending UK recruits to military-style training camps in Europe". The Independent. Archived from the original on 25 September 2018 . Retrieved 25 September 2018 . ...claims it represents "indigenous Europeans" and propagates the far-right conspiracy theory that white people are becoming a minority in what it calls the "Great Replacement" ^ Meaker, Morgan (28 August 2018). "How dangerous are Austria's far-right hipsters?". dw.com. Vienna: Deutsche Welle. Archived from the original on 24 September 2018 . Retrieved 24 September 2018 . ...and spread the 'great replacement' conspiracy theory '' the idea that white Europeans will be replaced by people from the Middle East and Africa through immigration. The theory is based on inflated statistics and un-substantiated demographic projections. 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Retrieved 17 May 2019 . ^ "Wat moet je doen om "strijder" of "veteraan" van Schild & Vrienden te worden en wat is het einddoel?" [What do you have to do to become a "warrior" or "veteran" of Schild & Vrienden and what is the ultimate goal?] (in Dutch). Vlaamse Radio- en Televisieomroeporganisatie. 31 August 2018. Archived from the original on 11 July 2019 . Retrieved 11 July 2019 . ^ "Van "redpill" tot "normies: dit zijn de basisbegrippen van Schild & Vrienden" [From "redpill" to "normies": these are the basic concepts of Schild & Vrienden] (in Dutch). Vlaamse Radio- en Televisieomroeporganisatie. 5 September 2018. Archived from the original on 11 July 2019 . Retrieved 11 July 2019 . ^ "We Analyzed How the "Great Replacement" and Far Right Ideas Spread Online. The Trends Reveal Deep Concerns". TIME. 18 July 2019. Archived from the original on 18 July 2019 . Retrieved 18 July 2019 . ^ Ebner, Julie; Davey, Jacob (1 July 2019). " ' The Great Replacement': The Violent Consequences of Mainstreamed Extremism" (PDF) . Institute for Strategic Dialogue. Archived (PDF) from the original on 24 July 2019 . Retrieved 18 July 2019 . ^ a b c "Fra klimaet til Koranen: Valgkampen handler om en fjern fremtid, vi ikke kommer til at opleve" [From the climate to the Qur'an: The election campaign is about a distant future we will not experience] (in Danish). Kristeligt Dagblad. 20 May 2019. Archived from the original on 8 July 2019 . Retrieved 8 July 2019 . ^ a b "Detektor: Forudsigelser om Den store Udskiftning er 'noget v...rre vr¸vl ' " [Detector: Predictions about the Great Replacement are 'something worse than nonsense'] (in Danish). DR (broadcaster). 20 June 2019. Archived from the original on 8 July 2019 . Retrieved 8 July 2019 . ^ "Rasmus Paludan, le visage danois de l'extrªme x(C)nophobie" [Rasmus Paludan, the Danish face of extreme xenophobia]. Le Monde (in French). 31 May 2019. Archived from the original on 27 June 2019 . Retrieved 8 July 2019 . ^ Osborne, Samuel (25 April 2017). "Marine Le Pen adviser found guilty of inciting hatred against Muslims". The Independent. Archived from the original on 24 September 2018 . Retrieved 23 September 2018 . ^ Froio, Caterina (21 August 2018). "Race, Religion, or Culture? Framing Islam between Racism and Neo-Racism in the Online Network of the French Far Right". Perspectives on Politics. 16 (3): 696''709. doi:10.1017/S1537592718001573. ...the conspiracy theory of the Grand remplacement (Great replacement) positing the 'Islamo-substitution' of biologically autochthonous populations in the French metropolitan territory, by Muslim minorities mostly coming from sub-Saharan Africa and the Maghreb ^ Schneider, Fr(C)d(C)rique (26 January 2018). "VIDEO - Une campagne pour d(C)construire les discours complotistes sur Internet". La Croix (in French). Archived from the original on 23 September 2018 . Retrieved 23 September 2018 . ...le " grand remplacement ", une th(C)orie de type conspirationniste selon laquelle il existerait un processus de remplacement des Fran§ais sur leur sol par des non-Europ(C)ens. ^ a b c "Politiques identitaires et mythe du " grand remplacement " " [Identity politics and the myth of the "great replacement"] (in French). The Conversation (website). 16 June 2019. Archived from the original on 11 July 2019 . Retrieved 11 July 2019 . ^ "At the Iliade Institute, French far-right intellectuals rewrite European history". The Southern Poverty Law Center. 17 April 2019. Archived from the original on 17 May 2019 . Retrieved 17 May 2019 . ^ "Myten om det stora utbytet" [The myth of the great exchange] (in Swedish). Expo. 15 March 2019. Archived from the original on 10 July 2019 . Retrieved 10 July 2019 . ^ "Racisme, homophobie: ce que l'on trouve sur les comptes des candidats FN" [Racism, homophobia: what we find on the accounts of FN candidates] (in French). France-Soir. 6 June 2017. Archived from the original on 8 July 2019 . Retrieved 8 July 2019 . ^ "L(C)gislatives - Front national : des candidats pas si pr(C)sentables..." [Legislative - National Front: not so presentable candidates ...] (in French). Le Point. 8 June 2017. Archived from the original on 8 July 2019 . Retrieved 8 July 2019 . ^ "Le FN en PACA : des propos caract¨re raciste et islamophobe des candidats aux l(C)gislatives" [The FN in PACA: Racist and Islamophobic remarks from candidates for the legislative elections] (in French). France Info. 7 June 2017. Archived from the original on 8 July 2019 . Retrieved 8 July 2019 . ^ "The Notre Dame wildfire that can't be put out". Politico. 22 April 2019. Archived from the original on 8 May 2019 . Retrieved 19 May 2019 . Marion Mar(C)chal '-- pegged as the heir apparent to the Le Pen dynasty and a possible presidential contender in 2022 '-- is a proponent of the "Great Replacement" theory embraced by the man accused of the Christchurch killings in New Zealand. ^ "Meet Marion Mar(C)chal, the next voice of French nationalism". The Economist. 14 March 2019. Archived from the original on 17 May 2019 . Retrieved 17 May 2019 . ^ a b c d Miller, Nick (19 March 2019). " ' The Great Replacement': an idea now at the heart of Europe's politics". The Sydney Morning Herald. Archived from the original on 31 March 2019 . Retrieved 4 April 2019 . ^ a b "Die Verschw¶rungstheorie des Todessch¼tzen" [The Conspiracy Theory of the Gunner]. Der Tagesspiegel (in German). 19 March 2019. Archived from the original on 31 March 2019 . Retrieved 27 June 2019 . ^ "Jordan Bardella (C)voque le "Grand remplacement" sans le nommer" [Jordan Bardella evokes the "Great replacement" without naming it] (in French). France-Soir. 16 May 2019. Archived from the original on 17 May 2019 . Retrieved 17 May 2019 . ^ a b "Grand remplacement et Kosovo: le fantasme de Zemmour et Marion Mar(C)chal" [Great replacement and Kosovo: the fantasy of Zemmour and Marion Mar(C)chal] (in French). France-Soir. 19 June 2019. Archived from the original on 26 June 2019 . Retrieved 25 June 2019 . ^ Sowerwine, Charles (2018). France since 1870 : Culture, Politics and Society. London: Palgrave. p. 460. ISBN 978-1-137-40611-8. OCLC 1051356006. Zemmour flirted with a far-right conspiracy theory; the Grand remplacement (Great Replacement) ^ a b c "Rechtsextreme versuchen gerade verzweifelt, das Christchurch-Massaker umzudeuten" [Right-wing extremists are trying desperately to reinterpret the Christchurch massacre] (in German). Vice. 19 March 2019. Archived from the original on 23 June 2019 . Retrieved 27 June 2019 . ^ a b c "Warum das Innenministerium vor rechtsextremer Rhetorik warnt" [Why the Home Office warns against right-wing rhetoric] (in German). Berliner Morgenpost. 23 March 2019. Archived from the original on 26 June 2019 . Retrieved 27 June 2019 . ^ a b c "Conspiracy theory linked to Christchurch attack at risk of entering mainstream: report". SBS World News. 8 July 2019. Archived from the original on 8 July 2019 . Retrieved 8 July 2019 . ^ "Orbn backs away from Weber". Politico. 6 May 2019. Archived from the original on 25 May 2019 . Retrieved 25 May 2019 . ^ "Americans seeing double as Hungary's Viktor Orbn visits Trump at the White House". ThinkProgress. 13 May 2019. Archived from the original on 25 May 2019 . Retrieved 25 May 2019 . ^ "Manifesto ban divides media". Radio New Zealand. 7 April 2019. Archived from the original on 25 May 2019 . Retrieved 25 May 2019 . ^ "Italy's Matteo Salvini Hopes To Lead Nationalist Wave In Upcoming European Elections". NPR. 22 May 2019. Archived from the original on 24 May 2019 . Retrieved 24 May 2019 . A recurrent Salvini theme is what is known as the "Great Replacement" conspiracy theory, which he described this way in an interview with Italy's Sky TG24 news ^ "Migranti, Salvini a Sky TG24: "E' in corso una sostituzione etnica " " [Migrants, Salvini on Sky TG24: "An ethnic substitution is underway"] (in Italian). Sky TG24. 29 May 2016. Archived from the original on 24 May 2019 . Retrieved 24 May 2019 . ^ a b c Schulte, Addie (2019). De strijd om de toekomst: Over doemscenario's en vooruitgang [The struggle for the future: On doom-scenarios and progress] (in Dutch). Cossee Publishers. ISBN 9789059368347. ^ "Zelfs de SGP is niet meer bang voor de islam" [Even the SGP is no longer afraid of Islam] (in Dutch). Trouw. 20 September 2015. Archived from the original on 11 July 2019 . Retrieved 11 July 2019 . ^ " ' Omvolking' komt uit een Frans kasteel" ["Omvolking" comes from a French castle]. NRC Handelsblad (in Dutch). 22 January 2018. Archived from the original on 24 April 2018 . Retrieved 11 July 2019 . ^ "Austria's deputy leader pushes extremist argument to warn against immigration". The Washington Post. 28 April 2019. Archived from the original on 17 May 2019 . Retrieved 17 May 2019 . ^ "The Inspiration for Terrorism in New Zealand Came From France". Foreign Policy. 16 March 2019. Archived from the original on 10 May 2019 . Retrieved 17 May 2019 . ^ Scheffer, Paul (18 September 2018). "Het doemscenario van 'minderheid in eigen land ' " [The doom scenario of 'minority in one's own country]. NRC Handelsblad (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 2 September 2019 . Retrieved 11 July 2019 . ^ "Billy Bragg claims it is 'beyond doubt' that Morrissey is spreading far-right ideas". The Guardian. 8 July 2019. Archived from the original on 9 July 2019 . Retrieved 9 July 2019 . ^ "Billy Bragg accuses Morrissey of sharing 'white supremacist video' about Stormzy". The Independent. 8 July 2019. Archived from the original on 9 July 2019 . Retrieved 9 July 2019 . ^ "Trump has been retweeting conspiracy theorists and far-right figures. Here's who they are". Business Insider. 7 May 2019. Archived from the original on 8 May 2019 . Retrieved 19 May 2019 . ^ "New Zealand Terrorist Manifesto Influenced by Far-Right Online Ecosystem, Hatewatch Finds". Southern Poverty Law Center. 15 March 2019. Archived from the original on 2 June 2019 . Retrieved 19 May 2019 . ^ "Trump promotes far-right conspiracy advocate to defend 'censored' conservatives". ThinkProgress. 5 May 2019. Archived from the original on 16 May 2019 . Retrieved 19 May 2019 . ^ Rubenstein, Adam (8 November 2018). "King of the Low Road". The Weekly Standard. Archived from the original on 18 April 2019 . Retrieved 19 May 2019 . ^ "Jewish Insider's Daily Kickoff: November 9, 2018". Haaretz. 9 November 2018. Archived from the original on 30 November 2018 . Retrieved 19 May 2019 . ^ "Accused New Zealand Shooter Had Canadian Mass Murderer's Name On Weapon". Vice Media. 15 March 2019. Archived from the original on 31 March 2019 . Retrieved 19 May 2019 . ^ Hamilton, Graeme (10 July 2017). "Former Canadian flag, the Red Ensign, gets new, darker life as far-right symbol". The National Post . Retrieved 10 June 2019 . ^ "Conservative Witness for 'Online Hate' Hearing Was a Recent Guest on a White Nationalist's YouTube Channel". PressProgress. 3 June 2019. Archived from the original on 5 June 2019 . Retrieved 5 June 2019 . ^ "House justice committee votes to expunge words of Christchurch shooter from record after Tory MP reads from manifesto". The Globe and Mail. 4 June 2019. Archived from the original on 5 June 2019 . Retrieved 5 June 2019 . ^ "Canadian Conservatives Are Having a Bad Time at the Online Hate Hearings". Vice Media. 4 June 2019. Archived from the original on 6 June 2019 . Retrieved 5 June 2019 . ^ Bromley, Roger (2018). "The politics of displacement: the Far Right narrative of Europe and its 'others ' " (PDF) . From the European South. 3: 13''26. ISSN 2531-4130. Archived (PDF) from the original on 23 March 2019 . Retrieved 4 October 2019 . [T]he 'Unite the Right', white nationalist, neo-fascist rally chanted 'you will not replace us' and 'the Jews will not replace us,' echoing the 'Great Replacement' claim, with a sharper anti-Semitic edge than is currently deployed publicly in Europe. ^ Weitzmann, Marc (1 April 2019). "The Global Language of Hatred Is French". Foreign Affairs. Archived from the original on 3 April 2019 . Retrieved 3 April 2019 . ^ " ' I Am Simply a Nationalist.' Rep. Steve King Responds to Backlash Over 'White Supremacy' Remarks". Fortune. 10 January 2019. Archived from the original on 17 May 2019 . Retrieved 17 May 2019 . ^ "Steve King Asked If White Society Is Superior to Nonwhite: 'I Don't Have an Answer for That ' ". Newsweek. 20 March 2019. Archived from the original on 17 May 2019 . Retrieved 17 May 2019 . ^ "Before Trump, Steve King Set the Agenda for the Wall and Anti-Immigrant Politics". New York Times. 10 January 2019. Archived from the original on 10 January 2019 . Retrieved 17 May 2019 . ^ " ' He's so openly racist': why does Iowa keep electing Steve King to Congress?". The Guardian. 27 October 2018. Archived from the original on 17 May 2019 . Retrieved 17 May 2019 . ^ "Steve King Was Saying Insanely Racist Things Long Before Republicans Decided Enough Was Enough". Mother Jones. 15 January 2019. Archived from the original on 17 May 2019 . Retrieved 17 May 2019 . ^ "Florida Senator's 'Racist' Replacement Theory Stance Against Abortion Slammed by Reproductive Rights Supporters". Newsweek. 30 May 2019. Archived from the original on 5 June 2019 . Retrieved 5 June 2019 . ^ "Confederate-Loving Florida Lawmaker Uses White-Supremacist Talking Point to Justify Abortion Ban". Miami New Times. 21 May 2019. Archived from the original on 23 May 2019 . Retrieved 24 May 2019 . ^ " ' We Now Have A Lot To Look At': Florida Republican Says He's Encouraged By Alabama Abortion Law". WLRN-TV. 19 May 2019. Archived from the original on 28 May 2019 . Retrieved 24 May 2019 . ^ Kesich, Greg (23 June 2019). "The View From Here: Conspiracy theory takes hold in Maine GOP". Portland Press Herald. Archived from the original on 7 October 2019 . Retrieved 7 October 2019 . ^ Ellison, Keith (9 July 2019). "I was the first Muslim ever elected to US Congress '-- and what I see happening in the UK scares me". The Independent. Archived from the original on 9 July 2019 . Retrieved 10 July 2019 . ^ Davis, Mick (10 July 2019). "Our fight against bigotry cannot be fought alongside bigots like Katie Hopkins". The Jewish Chronicle. Archived from the original on 11 July 2019 . Retrieved 11 July 2019 . ^ "Christchurch mosque killer's theories seeping into mainstream, report warns". The Guardian. 7 July 2019. Archived from the original on 8 July 2019 . Retrieved 8 July 2019 . ^ "Fraser Anning's Conservative National Party has entered the election race". News Corp Australia. 26 April 2019. Archived from the original on 16 May 2019 . Retrieved 24 May 2019 . ^ "New clues emerge of accused New Zealand gunman Tarrant's ties to far right groups". Reuters. 4 April 2019. Archived from the original on 4 April 2019 . Retrieved 24 May 2019 . ^ "Fear and loathing inside Fraser Anning's Conservative National Party". News Corp Australia. 17 May 2019. Archived from the original on 22 May 2019 . Retrieved 24 May 2019 . Last month, Senator Anning's party made a Facebook post endorsing The Great Replacement, "We need to preserve our ethno-cultural identity, or we will fast become a minority," Senator Anning's post said. ^ "Parti de L'In-nocence". In-nocence . Retrieved 5 August 2019 . Il n'est d'autre chance de retour la paix civile et la dignit(C) que la lib(C)ration du sol national et le retour chez eux des colonisateurs : remigration, Grand Rapatriement. ^ "Le fantasme du "grand remplacement" d(C)mographique" [The fantasy of the "great replacement" demographic]. Le Monde (in French). 23 January 2014. Archived from the original on 21 May 2019 . Retrieved 25 May 2019 . ^ a b c Eligon, John (7 August 2019). "The El Paso Screed, and the Racist Doctrine Behind It". The New York Times '' via ProQuest. ^ Dakin Andone; Jason Hanna; Joe Sterling; Paul P. Murphy. "Hate crime charges filed in Pittsburgh synagogue shooting that left 11 dead". CNN . Retrieved 25 June 2020 . ^ "Pennsylvania man, Robert Bowers, charged with federal hate crimes, murder in shooting at Pittsburgh synagogue". Southern Poverty Law Center . Retrieved 25 June 2020 . ^ a b Darby, Luke (5 August 2019). "How the 'Great Replacement' conspiracy theory has inspired white supremacist killers". The Telegraph. London '' via ProQuest. ^ "Taboos fall away as far-right EU candidates breach red line". Associated Press. 16 May 2019. Archived from the original on 24 May 2019 . Retrieved 24 May 2019 . ^ a b Arango, Tim; Bogel-Burroughs, Nicholas; Benner, Katie (3 August 2019). "Minutes Before El Paso Killing, Hate-Filled Manifesto Appears Online". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 17 September 2019 . Retrieved 18 September 2019 . Available via The Irish Times Archived 4 August 2019 at the Wayback Machine. Bibliography [ edit ] Bergmann, Eirikur (2018). "The Eurabia Doctrine". Conspiracy & Populism : The Politics of Misinformation. Palgrave Macmillan. pp. 123''149. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-90359-0_6. ISBN 978-3-319-90358-3. LCCN 2018939717. Boubeker, Ahmed; Bancel, Nicolas; Blanchard, Pascal (2015). Le Grand Repli (in French). La D(C)couverte. ISBN 9782707188229. Camus, Jean-Yves; Lebourg, Nicolas (2017). Far-Right Politics in Europe. Harvard University Press. ISBN 9780674971530. Chatterton Williams, Thomas (27 November 2017). "The French Origins of "You Will Not Replace Us " ". The New Yorker. ISSN 0028-792X. Archived from the original on 27 September 2018 . Retrieved 6 August 2019 . Finkielkraut, Alain (24 June 2017). "Le grand d(C)m(C)nagement du monde". France Culture (Audio) (in French). Archived from the original on 2 September 2019. Fourquet, J(C)r´me (2016). Accueil ou submersion ?: Regards europ(C)ens sur la crise des migrants (in French). ‰ditions de l'Aube. ISBN 978-2-8159-2026-1. Polakow-Suransky, Sasha (2017). Go Back to Where You Came From: The Backlash Against Immigration and the Fate of Western Democracy. Oxford University Press. ISBN 9781849049092. Taguieff, Pierre-Andr(C) (2015). La revanche du nationalisme: N(C)opopulistes et x(C)nophobes l'assaut de l'Europe (in French). Presses Universitaires de France. ISBN 978-2-13-072950-1. Weil, Patrick; Truong, Nicolas (2015). Le sens de la R(C)publique: essai (in French). Grasset. ISBN 9782246858232. Further reading [ edit ] Finnsi¶, Morgan (15 March 2019). "Myten om det stora utbytet" [The myth of the great exchange]. Expo.
  • Shaun King side by side Kamala tweets
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    • Sat, 15 Aug 2020 21:18
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    • 🇺🇸 Antoine Tucker for Congress NY-14 : .@shaunking is a b1tch, He's not blk but he gets to identify as one🤣🤣🤣🤣 all of you who support this 🤠is a 🤠if you'... https://t.co/2G0qySyg48
    • Wed Aug 12 13:40:32 +0000 2020
  • Kamala Harris regrets California truancy law that led to arrest of some parents - Los Angeles Times
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    • Sat, 15 Aug 2020 21:05
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    • Kamala Harris, who has made her prosecutorial record a centerpiece of her presidential bid, said she now has misgivings about a California law she championed that punished parents of habitually truant schoolchildren.
    • Speaking on the liberal podcast ''Pod Save America,'' Sen. Harris said the arrests and, in some cases, jail sentences of parents in multiple California counties were an ''unintended consequence'' of the statewide law, which built on her tough-on-truancy approach as San Francisco district attorney.
    • The interview, released on Wednesday, marks the first sign of remorse from Harris about the anti-truancy effort, a signature cause throughout her career that she had steadfastly defended on the campaign trail. Her contrition reflects the difficult politics of running in a Democratic presidential primary as a career prosecutor at a time of widespread discontent within the party about racial disparities in law enforcement.
    • ''I just think the whole concept of 'progressive prosecutor' is going to strike a lot of people as an oxymoron,'' said Garry South, a veteran Democratic strategist who is unaligned in the presidential race.
    • Harris has cast herself as a pioneer of reformist criminal justice, promoting social programs that aimed to keep first-time offenders from falling into a life of crime. But her background as a prosecutor has provided fodder for skeptics, particularly on the left.
    • When Harris was a district attorney, it was more common to approach social problems with the threat of incarceration, but voters now ''are far more attuned to criminal justice as an issue of civil rights,'' said Hadar Aviram, a law professor at UC Hastings College of the Law.
    • Harris' crusade on truancy has been particularly fraught.
    • As San Francisco district attorney from 2004 to 2011, Harris issued citations to parents whose children missed more than 50 days of school, but none of them were put in jail. She called truancy a public safety issue, saying high school dropouts had a higher chance of winding up as victims or perpetrators of crimes. Each year, she sent a letter to every San Francisco parent of public school students, warning them of potential prosecution for truancy.
    • During her 2010 campaign for state attorney general, Harris explained her focus on chronic school absences.
    • ''I believe that a child going without an education is tantamount to a crime,'' Harris said in a speech to the Commonwealth Club in San Francisco. ''So I decided I was going to start prosecuting parents for truancy. Well, this was a little controversial in San Francisco.
    • ''And frankly my staff went bananas,'' she recounted with a laugh. ''They were very concerned, because we didn't know at the time whether I was going to have an opponent in my reelection race.''
    • ''I have a huge stick'' as a prosecutor to get kids in school, Harris said. ''The school district has a carrot '-- let's work in tandem.''
    • Harris took that advocacy statewide, sponsoring a 2010 law to make it a misdemeanor for parents whose young children miss more than 10% of school days a year without a valid excuse. Parents could be punished with a maximum $2,000 fine, up to a year in county jail or both. Violators of the law could defer judgment by participating in regular meetings with school officials and improving their children's attendance.
    • ''With children missing significant amounts of time from kindergarten, first grade, second grade, and no one paying attention or doing anything about it, we were seeing 8-year-old kids having their futures carved into stone '-- which was just tragic,'' said Mark Leno, who wrote the bill when he was a Democratic state senator from San Francisco.
    • Former Assemblyman Tom Ammiano, another San Francisco Democrat and a former public school teacher, voted against the bill because he believed it wouldn't address the problem.
    • ''It was a stinker of a law,'' Ammiano said.
    • Kamala Harris was shaped by the crucible of San Francisco politics >>
    • Harris and her allies have said the law's purpose was to prod school districts to provide resources to families of truant children, not to lock up parents. But the Huffington Post reported that several counties in California arrested, charged and sometimes jailed parents under the law backed by Harris.
    • In the ''Pod Save America'' interview, Harris distanced herself from that approach.
    • ''My regret is that I have now heard stories where, in some jurisdictions, DAs have criminalized the parents. And I regret that that has happened,'' she said. ''And the thought that anything that I did could have led to that, because that certainly was not the intention '-- never was the intention. Never was the intention.''
    • Leno echoed that sentiment, saying the law explicitly stated that ''before law enforcement can use this new misdemeanor, every available attention must be brought to the student and the student families. Everyone must join hands to find a way to get this child to class.''
    • Robert Dempsie, an assistant district attorney in Tulare County, said he recalled Harris twice presenting the truancy law at meetings of the state district attorney's association. She recommended imprisonment for truancy only in the most extreme cases, he said.
    • Dempsie said he could recall three parents charged under the law in his county; all the cases were settled without jail time. Still, he said, prosecutors could pursue jail time in circumstances ''when the school district is doing what it can to assist the parents but the parents are doing nothing in return.''
    • Kamala Harris releases 15 years of tax returns >>
    • Ammiano, who is supporting Harris' rival Bernie Sanders in the Democratic primary, said he saw progress in her show of remorse. But he disagreed that harsh punishments for parents were an unforeseen outcome of the law.
    • ''That is a cop-out,'' he said. ''You can't say, 'I didn't really mean for this to happen.' Then what did you mean?''
    • Aviram of UC Hastings noted the law's good intention of keeping kids in school, but said the jailing of parents should come as no surprise.
    • ''This was approached as a criminal justice problem, so it's not such a shocker that it has criminal justice consequences,'' she said. ''There are all kinds of ways to do this without threatening punishment.''
  • Safiya Noble - Wikipedia
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    • Sat, 15 Aug 2020 20:56
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    • Safiya Umoja Noble is an associate professor at UCLA, and is a visiting faculty member to the University of Southern California's Annenberg School of Communication. She is the author of Algorithms of Oppression, and co-editor of two edited volumes: The Intersectional Internet: Race, Sex, Class and Culture and Emotions, Technology & Design.
    • Early life and education [ edit ] Noble grew up in Fresno, California where she attended Roosevelt School of the Arts.[1] She went on to study Sociology at California State University, Fresno with a focus on African American and Ethnic Studies.[2] While at Fresno State, Noble was involved with the "campus political scene," protesting against apartheid and campaigning for racial and gender equality.[1] She was a member of the Associated Students, Inc. and the California Statewide Student Association.[3] After she graduated, Noble worked for more than a decade in multicultural marketing, advertising and public relations.[4]
    • Noble attended University of Illinois at Urbana''Champaign for graduate studies where she earned a Masters and PhD in Library and Information Science.[1][5] Her 2012 dissertation, Searching for black girls: old traditions in new media, considered how gender and race manifest on technology platforms.[6]
    • Career [ edit ] Noble was appointed assistant professor at the University of Illinois at Urbana''Champaign in the Department of African-American studies, the Department of Media and Cinema Studies and the Institute for Communication Research.[6] Noble joined University of California, Los Angeles's Department of Information Studies in 2014.[7] She was awarded the University of California, Los Angeles Early Career Award in 2016.[8][9] The same year she was appointed a Hellman Fellow in for research in a non-commercial public information index system.[10] Noble received tenure at UCLA and was promoted to associate professor in 2018.[11]
    • Noble joined the University of Southern California in 2017 as a visiting assistant professor.[12] At USC, she focuses on the politics and human and civil rights concerns of digital media platforms, which includes the integration of these issues in STEM and engineering education.[13]
    • Research [ edit ] Noble's research focuses on gender, technology and culture, and how they influence the design and use of the internet.[14] Her work has appeared in academic publications and popular media outlets including Time[15] and Bitch.[16] In 2016, Noble edited Emotions, Technology & Design and The Intersectional Internet: Race, Sex, Culture and Class Online .[17][18] The goal of Emotions, Technology & Design and The Internet: Race, Sex, Culture and Class Online is to provide a text to stimulate individuals to think about new methods of global internets. She is the co-editor of the Commentary & Criticism section of the Journal of Feminist Media Studies. She is a member of several academic journal and advisory boards which include both Taboo: The Journal of Culture and Education, and the Journal of Critical Library and Information Studies.[9][7]
    • Algorithms of Oppression [ edit ] Noble's first book, Algorithms of Oppression, was published by NYU Press in 2018 and has been globally reviewed in journals such as the Los Angeles Reviews of Books and featured in the New York Public Library 2018 Best Books for Adults.[19][20] It considers how bias against people of color is embedded into supposedly neutral search engines.[20] It explores how racism, especially anti-blackness, is generated and maintained by the internet.[21][22] In it, Noble is greatly concerned with looking at the ways the Black community is commercialized in powerful technological companies. She focuses on companies like Google and Facebook and how their algorithms ''black-box'' information, e.g. when a search term is entered, it is unclear how results for the search are derived. Noble's work calls attention to a system that reproduces marginalization. Her hope is to end social injustice and change the perceptions of marginalized people in technology.[23] She blogged about "Digital Infrastructures of Race and Gender" at the Fotomuseum in Zurich's online platform.[24] She has also given talks and interviews about Algorithms of Oppression.[25][26][27][28][29][30][31]
    • Select publications [ edit ] Noble, Safiya Umoja (2018). Algorithms of oppression: how search engines reinforce racism. New York: New York University Press. ISBN 9781479837243. OCLC 1029007986. Noble, Safiya U.; Austin, Jeanie; Sweeney, Miriam E.; McKeever, Lucas; Sullivan, Elizabeth (2013). "Changing Course: Collaborative Reflections of Teaching/Taking "Race, Gender, and Sexuality in the Information Professions " ". Journal of Education for Library and Information Science. 55 (3): 212''222. ISSN 0748-5786. Noble, Safiya U. (15 January 2017). "Google and the Misinformed Public". The Chronicle of Higher Education . Retrieved 6 February 2019 . Edited volumes [ edit ] Noble, Safiya Umoja; Tynes, Brendesha M, eds. (2016). The Intersectional Internet Race, Sex, Class, and Culture Online. New York: Peter Lang. ISBN 9781433130014. OCLC 946134246. Tettegah, Sharon Y; Noble, Safiya Umoja, eds. (2016). Emotions, technology, and design. Amsterdam Academic Press. ISBN 9780128018729. OCLC 944209071. References [ edit ] ^ a b c Munro, Donald (19 April 2018). "When Google gets it wrong". THE MUNRO REVIEW . Retrieved 6 February 2019 . ^ "Safiya U. Noble". annenberg.usc.edu. USC Annenberg School for Communication and Journalism . Retrieved 6 February 2019 . ^ Kaur, Bineet (23 April 2018). "Is Google's algorithm racially biased? This Fresno State alumna thinks so". The Collegian . Retrieved 6 February 2019 . ^ "Spotlight on Safiya Umoja Noble". www.afro.illinois.edu. Department of African-American Studies - University of Illinois . Retrieved 6 February 2019 . ^ McDonald, John. "Safiya Umoja Noble Receives Top Honor from Fresno State". ampersand.gseis.ucla.edu . Retrieved 6 February 2019 . ^ a b Safiya, Noble (December 2012). Searching for black girls: old traditions in new media (Thesis). University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. ^ a b Harmon, Joanie (15 July 2014). "Safiya U. Noble: Scholar of Critical Digital Media Studies Joins IS Faculty". ampersand.gseis.ucla.edu . Retrieved 6 February 2019 . ^ "Awards '' UCLA GSEIS Information Studies". is.gseis.ucla.edu . Retrieved 6 February 2019 . ^ a b "Safiya Umoja Noble '' Algorithms of Oppression '' Open Data Manchester". www.opendatamanchester.org.uk . Retrieved 2018-05-31 . ^ "Hellman Fellows >> Safiya Noble". www.hellmanfellows.org . Retrieved 2018-05-31 . ^ Noble, Safiya Umoja (2019). "Curriculum Vitae" (PDF) . Retrieved 15 March 2019 . ^ "2017 MLA Annual Conference: Lunch Keynote with Dr. Safiya Umoja Nobl..." Retrieved 2018-05-31 . ^ "Safiya Noble (University of Southern California) - UCSD Design Lab". UCSD Design Lab . Retrieved 2018-05-31 . ^ "Two New Senior Research Fellows to Join the Oxford Internet Institute '-- Oxford Internet Institute". www.oii.ox.ac.uk. 28 October 2018 . Retrieved 6 February 2019 . ^ Noble, Safiya (26 March 2018). "Google Has a Striking History of Bias Against Black Girls". Time . Retrieved 6 February 2019 . ^ "Frontier". Bitch Media (54). Spring 2012 . Retrieved 6 February 2019 . ^ The intersectional Internet : race, sex, class and culture online. Noble, Safiya Umoja,, Tynes, Brendesha M. New York. 2016. ISBN 9781433130007. OCLC 918150002. CS1 maint: others (link) ^ Emotions, technology, and health. Tettegah, Sharon Y.,, Garcia, Yolanda Evie. London. 2016-01-04. ISBN 9780128018392. OCLC 933834879. CS1 maint: others (link) ^ "In 'Algorithms of Oppression,' Safiya Noble finds old stereotypes persist in new media". annenberg.usc.edu . Retrieved 2018-05-31 . ^ a b "Algorithms of Oppression | How Search Engines Reinforce Racism | Books - NYU Press | NYU Press". nyupress.org . Retrieved 2018-05-31 . ^ "Google Has a Striking History of Bias Against Black Girls". Time . Retrieved 2018-05-31 . ^ "Databite No. 109: Safiya Umoja Noble". Data & Society . Retrieved 2018-05-31 . ^ Algorithms of Oppression ^ "Digital Infrastructures of Race and Gender - Still searching - Fotomuseum Winterthur". www.fotomuseum.ch . Retrieved 2018-05-31 . ^ "Safiya U. Noble, Ph.D. '' Stratelligence". stratelligence.net . Retrieved 2018-05-31 . ^ UBC (2015-12-14), Safiya Umoja Noble - "Just Google It": Algorithms of Oppression , retrieved 2018-05-31 ^ USC Annenberg (2018-02-28), Algorithms of Oppression: Faculty Focus: Safiya Umoja Noble , retrieved 2018-05-31 ^ "Algorithms of Oppression: How Search Engines Reinforce Racism - Safiya Noble | Open Transcripts". Open Transcripts . Retrieved 2018-05-31 . ^ "Digital Futures '' Safiya Umoja Noble". www.concordia.ca . Retrieved 2018-05-31 . ^ "CTRL+T podcast: Artificial intelligence may become a human rights issue '' TechCrunch". techcrunch.com . Retrieved 2018-05-31 . ^ "Algorithms of Oppression: A talk by Safiya Umoja Noble, 8th May - HARTS.ONLINE News". HARTS.ONLINE News. 2018-05-06 . Retrieved 2018-05-31 .
  • D.L. Hughley To Host Syndicated Afternoon Show - RadioInsight
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    • Sat, 15 Aug 2020 19:50
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    • Update 8/26: Hughley debuted his program today in 37 markets. In addition to the stations listed below, some other stations carrying the program include Radio-One's ''Magic 95.9'' WWIN-FM Baltimore, 93.1 WZAK Cleveland, ''105.9 Kiss-FM'' WDMK Detroit, and Cumulus' ''Soul Classics 103.5'' WRBO Memphis, ''92Q'' 92.1 WQQK Nashville, and ''Old School 106.7'' KMEZ New Orleans. A full list of stations can be seen here.
    • Update 8/18: D.L. Hughley will begin to roll-out his new afternoon show on Monday, August 26.
    • Among the station beginning to announce they will carry Hughley's program are Crawford Broadcasting's ''Soul 106.3'' WSRB Chicago, Radio-One's ''Magic 106.3'' WXMG Columbus, ''Foxy 104.3/107.1'' WFXC/WFXK Raleigh, ''99.3/105.7 Kiss-FM'' WKJM/WKJS Richmond, Cumulus' ''Hot 107.7'' WUHT Birmingham, and Urban Radio's ''Mix 95.7'' WIMX Toledo.
    • The rest of Hughley's on-air team will include comedian Steve Wilson and Jasmine Sanders, who had been serving as co-host for the Skip Murphy program. Skip Cheatham will serve as Producer and Juan D as Program Director.
    • With Reach Media removing all references to Murphy from its website, it appears all of his affiliates will be transitioned to Hughley.
    • Update 8/12: Reach Media has announced that it has finalized a deal with Hughley for a daily afternoon show. No start date has been announced for the program, which will be distributed by Cumulus Media Networks.
    • It is unknown at this time if the program will replace or compliment the current show hosted by Skip Church that replaced Michael Baisden earlier this year.
    • The press release follows:
    • REACH Media Inc. today announced that comedian, author, actor and television personality D.L. Hughley has been signed to host a weekday radio broadcast, with a launch date to be announced in the near future. THE D.L. HUGHLEY SHOW will be a daily themed, music intensive afternoon drive program from 3-7pm ET hosted by one of the brightest comedic minds. The show will be distributed by REACH Media Inc. which currently reaches an audience of over 12 million listeners, predominantly African American, through radio, as well as digital media.
    • Hughley, ready to take people on a no holds ride of humor and reality in the afternoons, stated, ''I'm very excited to get back to radio and it couldn't have come at a better time. I think radio fits my sensibility. I want to be fast, I want to be funny, I want to be topical. I want to make people laugh a lot and think a little. Some people want to push the envelope '' I want to see if I can singe it a little.''
    • Hughley established himself as a stand-up comedian propelling to stardom with the Original Kings of Comedy Tour and a subsequent movie release. He went on to have a hit television show, The Hughleys, and has followed that up with a successful best-selling book, comedy specials, and television appearances. Known for being astute and politically savvy in true comedian style, D.L. served as host of his own talk show on CNN, D.L. Hughley Breaks the News. In 2013 Hughley was awarded a Peabody Award for his work on The Endangered List, a satirical documentary that sought to get ''American black men the same EPA protections afforded snail darters.''
    • According to REACH Media CEO David Kantor, ''D.L. is the right personality to provide a new style of content in afternoon drive time. The D.L. Hughley Show will be engaging and fun, along with great music.'' Cumulus Media Networks will partner with REACH Media Inc. in affiliation and other aspects of the show.
    • Update 8/5: Urban Radio Nation reports today that Hughley's show will have a soft launch on Monday, August 12. Hughley will be joined by comedian Steve Wilson and a female co-host still to be determined.
    • Additionally Humor Mill Magazine states that the program will eventually have a television simulcast on an unnamed cable network. Radio-One's TV One?
    • Nice to hear my client @RealDLHughley on @ArtieLangeShow talkin bout his new upcoming radio show!! http://t.co/oUae38nvle
    • '-- Tran(g) Hamm (@TrangHamm) August 6, 2013
    • Original Report 7/25: The syndicated program formerly hosted by Michael Baisden is about to get a new host.
    • AlwaysAList.com reports Reach Media is finalizing a deal with comedian D.L. Hughley to take over the syndicated afternoon show currently hosted by Skip Murphy.
    • Hughley has some radio experience. He hosted mornings for 13 months at the now defunct Urban AC ''98.7 Kiss-FM'' New York in 2009-2010.
    • AlwaysAList reports the Hughley show is tentatively scheduled to debut in mid to late August, with a date to be finalized once contracts are. They are reportedly in talks with a few potential co-hosts including ''K104'' KKDA Dallas morning host DeDe McGuire and his former WRKS co-host Jacque Reid.
  • Alice Marie Johnson - Wikipedia
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    • Sat, 15 Aug 2020 19:27
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    • Alice Marie Johnson
    • Johnson in February 2019
    • Born ( 1955-05-30 ) May 30, 1955 (age 65) [1]NationalityAmericanCriminal penaltyLife without paroleCriminal statusReleased on parole after clemency grantedAlice Marie Johnson (born May 30, 1955)[1] is an American criminal justice reform advocate and former federal prisoner. Johnson was convicted in 1996 for her involvement in a Memphis cocaine trafficking organization and sentenced to life imprisonment. In June 2018, after serving 21 years in prison, Johnson was released from the Federal Correctional Institution, Aliceville, after President Donald Trump commuted her sentence (at the request of Kim Kardashian).
    • Early life, crime, and sentence [ edit ] Johnson was born in Mississippi, and her memoirs recount growing up as one of nine children of sharecroppers, becoming pregnant as a sophomore in high school, and later working as a secretary.[2] At the time of her arrest, Johnson was a single mother of five children.[3]
    • Johnson told Mic in 2017 that she had become involved in the drug trade after she had lost her job at FedEx, where she had worked for ten years, due to a gambling addiction; this was followed by a divorce and the loss of her youngest son in a motorcycle accident.[4]
    • According to a profile in Mic, Johnson filed for bankruptcy in 1991, and foreclosure of her house followed.[5]
    • Johnson was arrested in 1993 and convicted in 1996 of eight federal criminal counts relating to her involvement in a Memphis, Tennessee-based cocaine trafficking organization.[3] In addition to drug conspiracy counts, Johnson was convicted of money laundering and structuring, the latter crime because of her purchase of a house with a down payment structured to avoid hitting a $10,000 reporting threshold.[3] The Memphis operation involved over a dozen individuals.[6] The indictment, which named 16 defendants,[7] described Johnson as a leader in a multi-million dollar cocaine ring, and detailed dozens of drug transactions and deliveries.[8] Evidence presented at trial showed that the Memphis operation was connected to Colombian drug dealers based in Texas.[9] Johnson was sentenced to life imprisonment without parole in 1997. At the sentencing hearing, U.S. District Judge Julia Gibbons said that Johnson was "the quintessential entrepreneur" in an operation that dealt in 2,000 to 3,000 kilograms of cocaine, with a "very significant" impact on the community.[9] Co-defendants Curtis McDonald and Jerlean McNeil were sentenced to life and 19 years in federal prison, respectively.[9] A number of other co-defendants who testified against Johnson received sentences between probation and 10 years.[3] Following her conviction, Johnson acknowledged that she was an intermediary in the drug trafficking organization, but said she did not actually make deals or sell drugs.[10]
    • Imprisonment [ edit ] Johnson became a grandmother and great-grandmother while imprisoned.[3] She exhibited good behavior in prison.[11]
    • In a memoir written after her release, Johnson wrote that she served time at the Federal Medical Center, Carswell, the federal prison hospital in Texas, where she became a certified hospice worker, and was subsequently transferred to FCI Aliceville to be closer to family.[12] In letters supporting her bid for clemency, staff members at FCI Aliceville wrote that Johnson did not commit any disciplinary infractions during her incarceration at FCI Aliceville.[13] Johnson participated in a pilot program, introduced in 2016 by Deputy Attorney General Sally Yates, that provided videoconferencing access to certain female federal prisoners.[14] The program allowed the online publication Mic to record a video interview with Johnson that went viral and brought Johnson's cause to public attention.[14] According to a profile from Johnson, she also used Skype while imprisoned to speak at Hunter College, Yale, and other audiences.[15] During her time in prison, Johnson became an ordained minister, and credited her grant of clemency to divine intervention.[16]
    • Commutation and release [ edit ] A campaign in support of her release was launched by the American Civil Liberties Union and the website Mic; activists who supported her release argued that the punishment was excessive and an example of disproportionate impacts on African-Americans.[3] A number of individuals and organizations supported Johnson's bid for clemency, including U.S. Representatives Steve Cohen, Bennie Thompson, and Marc Veasey, law professors Marc Morj(C) Howard and Shon Hopwood, and Orange is the New Black author Piper Kerman.[17] According to her lawyer Shawn Holley, the warden supported her release.[10]
    • Johnson's was one of the 16,776 petitions filed in the Obama administration's 2014 clemency project.[11] In 2016, she wrote an op-ed for CNN asking for forgiveness and a second chance.[18] Her application was denied just before Obama left office. In 2018, Kim Kardashian and President Donald Trump's son-in-law Jared Kushner sought to persuade Trump to grant clemency to Johnson.[11] In late May 2018, Kardashian met with the President in the Oval Office to urge him to pardon Johnson.[19] On June 6, 2018, following Kardashian's appeal, Trump commuted Johnson's sentence,[3] and Johnson was released.[8] The commutation was one of a series of acts of clemency made by Trump in a "few high-profile cases brought to him by associates and allies."[3] The Washington Post ' s Wonkblog described the pardon as somewhat surprising given Trump's past statements in favor of executing drug dealers.[20]
    • When Trump delivered his State of the Union address on February 5, 2019, Johnson was a guest of the president. Trump asked Johnson to stand up to be recognized, and Johnson received a standing ovation from members of Congress.[21]
    • Memoir and activism [ edit ] Since her release, Johnson has become an advocate for criminal justice reform in the United States, often invoking her personal experience. The month after her release, in July 2018, she called for an end to mandatory sentencing.[22] In September 2019, she met with Governor Bill Lee of Tennessee to promote greater access to expungement and prisoner education and reduction in barriers to reentry, and to express concerns about the cash bail system.[23]
    • Johnson also advocates for the inclusion of female voices in the conversation around criminal justice reform. [24] Ahead of International Women's Day 2019, UN Women featured Johnson's story as part of its "Courage to Question" series.[25]
    • In May 2019, memoirs written by Johnson with Nancy French, entitled After Life: My Journey From Incarceration To Freedom, were published by HarperCollins, with a foreword written by Kim Kardashian West.[2][12] A Kirkus review of the autobiography described the work as "A moving, inspirational story that makes a powerful argument for sentencing reform."[2]
    • See also [ edit ] List of people granted executive clemency by Donald TrumpReferences [ edit ] ^ a b "Alice Marie Johnson '' Free At Last '' Life sent commuted!". CAN-DO Foundation. June 6, 2018 . Retrieved February 21, 2020 . ^ a b c "Review: 'After Life: My Journey from Incarceration to Freedom' by Alice Marie Johnson with Nancy French". Kirkus Reviews. April 22, 2019 . Retrieved February 21, 2020 . ^ a b c d e f g h Baker, Peter (June 6, 2018). "Alice Marie Johnson Is Granted Clemency by Trump After Push by Kim Kardashian West". The New York Times . Retrieved June 6, 2018 . ^ Horowitz, Jake; Ciesemie, Kendall (May 2, 2018). "Exclusive: Kim Kardashian West has talked to White House about pardoning nonviolent drug offender". Mic . Retrieved February 21, 2020 . ^ Grand, Gabriel (November 16, 2013). "This Single Mother is Serving Life Without Parole for the Most Absurd Reason You Can Imagine". Mic . Retrieved 21 February 2020 . ^ Mackelden, Amy (June 6, 2018). "Who is Alice Marie Johnson?". Harper's Bazaar . Retrieved February 21, 2020 '' via Yahoo! Lifestyle. ^ Leigh, Kristin (June 8, 2018). "Alice Johnson's co-conspirator deserves clemency too, his family says". WHBQ-TV . Retrieved February 21, 2020 . ^ a b Diaz, Adriana (June 7, 2018). "Alice Johnson embracing newfound freedom after two decades behind bars". CBS News . Retrieved February 21, 2020 . ^ a b c "Memphis drug dealer gets life in prison". The Tennessean. Associated Press. February 23, 1997 . Retrieved February 21, 2020 '' via Newspapers.com. ^ a b Schallhorn, Kaitlyn (February 5, 2019). "Who is Alice Marie Johnson, the great-grandmother Trump granted clemency to?". Fox News . Retrieved February 21, 2020 . ^ a b c "Kardashian lobbies for presidential pardon". BBC News. May 3, 2018 . Retrieved June 13, 2018 . ^ a b Arnowitz, Leora (May 21, 2019). "Alice Marie Johnson pens book with Kim Kardashian intro: 6 things we learn in 'After Life ' ". USA Today . Retrieved February 21, 2020 . ^ Mark, Michelle (June 6, 2018). "Trump has granted clemency to Alice Johnson, freeing the 63-year-old grandmother whose case was championed by Kim Kardashian". Business Insider . Retrieved February 21, 2020 . ^ a b Reilly, Ryan J. (June 7, 2018). "How A Rare Video From Federal Prison Got Kim Kardashian To Lobby Trump For Clemency". HuffPost . Retrieved February 21, 2020 . ^ "Directory: Alice Marie Johnson, Activist". Calvin University . Retrieved February 21, 2020 . ^ Manchester, Julia (July 19, 2018). " ' Divine intervention' brought Trump, Kardashian West together on clemency, says Alice Marie Johnson". The Hill . Retrieved February 21, 2020 . ^ "Sign On Letter for Alice Johnson". The Justice Roundtable. June 3, 2018 . Retrieved February 21, 2020 . ^ Kasana, Mehreen (June 7, 2018). "Kim Kardashian's Meeting With Trump Apparently Went Even Better Than We Thought". Bustle . Retrieved June 13, 2018 . ^ Gonzales, Erica (May 30, 2018). "Donald Trump Just Posted a Photo with Kim Kardashian in the Oval Office After Discussing Prison Reform". Harper's Bazaar . Retrieved February 21, 2020 . ^ Ingraham, Christopher (June 6, 2018). "It's not just Alice Marie Johnson: Over 2,000 federal prisoners are serving life sentences for nonviolent drug crimes". The Washington Post . Retrieved February 21, 2020 . ^ "Alice Marie Johnson, inmate freed with help by Kim Kardashian West, gets book deal". USA Today. Associated Press. February 6, 2019 . Retrieved February 21, 2020 . ^ Manchester, Julia (July 19, 2018). "Alice Marie Johnson: Mandatory minimum sentences must be struck down". The Hill . Retrieved February 21, 2020 . ^ Tamburin, Adam (September 18, 2019). " ' I'm using my voice for them': Alice Marie Johnson pushes for prison reforms to honor inmates". The Tennessean . Retrieved February 21, 2020 . ^ Mulaikal, Nirmal (October 4, 2019). "Activist Alice Marie Johnson Urges Inclusion of Female Voices In Criminal Justice Reform". WLRN-TV . Retrieved February 21, 2020 . ^ UN Women (March 8, 2019). "Courage To Question Ep 4: Alice Marie Johnson". YouTube . Retrieved February 21, 2020 . External links [ edit ] Media related to Alice Marie Johnson at Wikimedia Commons
  • Quadrivium
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    • Fri, 14 Aug 2020 19:22
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    • A strong democracy is the foundation for progress on every issue that we care about. Quadrivium is working to restore the health of our US democracy at a time of increasing polarization and dysfunction within the system. Through our strategic investment in Unite America Institute, we are helping to build capacity and strengthen coordination within the democracy reform movement, so that it can be more effective and achieve the required scale. Read more about this work here.
    • Among our areas of engagement, we focus on achieving structural reforms, increasing voter participation and aligning incentives for leadership. Here are just some the groups we are supporting through the Foundation:
    • Working with Represent US and others, we support efforts to achieve bipartisan redistricting committees and automatic voter registration; we are advancing Ranked Choice Voting as an electoral reform in which the candidate supported by the majority wins.
    • By turning the internet into an onramp for voting, Democracy Works is on course to reach its national goal of achieving 80% voter turnout; while Vote.org is working to make voting a lifelong habit among the youngest in our electorate. We also support the work of Voting Rights Lab to expand voter participation and prevent voter suppression.
    • In addition, we are focused on developing the pipeline of leaders who put country over party '' from recruitment and training through to legislating. Millennial Action Project brings together bipartisan caucuses in US Congress and state legislatures to forge common ground on key issues facing America's next generation -- including democracy reform.
  • Kathryn Murdoch '-- Quadrivium
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    • Fri, 14 Aug 2020 19:20
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    • Kathryn Murdoch is co-founder and president of Quadrivium, which supports practical, evidence-based solutions for critical societal problems. Kathryn currently serves on the boards of Unite America, the Climate Leadership Council and Climate Central. She is a founding board member of SciLine and co-chairs the Oceans and Communications committees as a trustee of the Environmental Defense Fund. Previously, she served on the advisory board of the Meta-Research Innovation Center at Stanford University and the Board of Trustees at Rockefeller University.
    • Ms. Murdoch started her career as a marketing and communications executive, in New York and Hong Kong. Later, she co-founded clothing and accessories brand Thakoon, ultimately selling the business in 2015.
    • She served as Director of Strategy and Communications for the Clinton Climate Initiative from 2006 until 2011. From 2011 to 2012 she was a Visiting Fellow at Oxford University, where as Director of ReSource 2012, she convened scientists, academics, investment professionals and entrepreneurs to promote the judicious use of natural resources.
    • In 2014, Ms. Murdoch co-founded Quadrivium, whose mission is to invest in root cause solutions for some of society's most urgent challenges.
    • At Quadrivium, she founded SciLine, in partnership with AAAS, to provide scientific expertise and context to journalists in real time and on deadline, she has funded important work at the Environmental Defense Fund, the Center for New American Security, code.org and the Anti-Defamation League.
    • In 2019, Ms. Murdoch and Quadrivium started a new, multi-year program focusing significant resources on finding and achieving solutions to identified problems in our democratic process. Structural changes, voter participation and aligning incentives for leadership, are among the areas of engagement.
    • Kathryn lives with her family in New York City.
  • Kathryn Murdoch '-- Unite America
    • Link to Article
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    • Fri, 14 Aug 2020 19:17
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    • Kathryn Murdoch is co-founder and president of Quadrivium, which supports practical, evidence-based solutions for critical societal problems. Kathryn currently serves on the boards of Unite America, the Climate Leadership Council and Climate Central.
    • She is a founding board member of SciLine and co-chairs the Oceans and Communications committees as a trustee of the Environmental Defense Fund. Previously, she served on the advisory board of the Meta-Research Innovation Center at Stanford University and the Board of Trustees at Rockefeller University.
    • Ms. Murdoch started her career as a marketing and communications executive, in New York and Hong Kong. Later, she co-founded clothing and accessories brand Thakoon, ultimately selling the business in 2015.
    • She served as Director of Strategy and Communications for the Clinton Climate Initiative from 2006 until 2011. From 2011 to 2012 she was a Visiting Fellow at Oxford University, where as Director of ReSource 2012, she convened scientists, academics, investment professionals and entrepreneurs to promote the judicious use of natural resources.
    • In 2014, Ms. Murdoch co-founded Quadrivium, whose mission is to invest in root cause solutions for some of society's most urgent challenges.
    • At Quadrivium, she founded SciLine, in partnership with AAAS, to provide scientific expertise and context to journalists in real time and on deadline, she has funded important work at the Environmental Defense Fund, the Center for New American Security, code.org, and the Anti-Defamation League.
    • In 2019, Ms. Murdoch and Quadrivium started a new, multi-year program focusing significant resources on finding and achieving solutions to identified problems in our democratic process. Structural changes, voter participation and aligning incentives for leadership, are among the areas of engagement.
    • Kathryn lives with her family in New York City.
  • Become a Member | Donate to The 19th
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    • Fri, 14 Aug 2020 19:09
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    • Join UsJoin hundreds of others already supporting our mission with their membership. Your financial support helps make our journalism possible.
    • As a nonprofit newsroom, members are critical to our sustainability.Recurring gifts help ensure we have the kind of ongoing support needed to plan ahead. A $19/month membership is a great place to start '-- but we welcome recurring and one-time gifts of any size, if you'd prefer to choose your own amount.
    • Our most popular membership. From $5 to $19 a year, you'll receive:
    • A place on our gratitude wall Our members-only newsletter Join as an Ally
    • For $20 to $199 a year, membership includes:
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    • Become a PatronMajor gifts and philanthropic support help us make significant progress toward our mission and enable us to plan for the future. If you're interested, we'd love to speak with you about major gift options.
    • Invest in The 19th
    • Our journalism is powered by readers who believe in our mission'...'... to empower women '-- particularly those underserved by and underrepresented in American media '-- with the information, community and tools they need to be equal participants in our democracy.
    • At a time when newsroom budgets across the United States are shrinking, The 19th is investing in serious, nonpartisan reporting that reimagines politics and policy journalism to be more inclusive of and responsive to all women. That means:
    • Having reporters anchored across the country, not just on the coastsMeeting our readers where they are, whether it's online, in person or in the pages of their local newspaperMaking our journalism free for state and local publications to republishEngaging with women to better understand how their lives are shaped by the decisions their elected officials makeHitting the pavement to listen to women's lived experiences, to tell their stories and to elevate their voices We're so grateful to our growing community.The 19th thanks our growing member community, including 614 total members donating $5 to $999 and 175 patrons supporting us with annual gifts of $1,000 or more. If you're interested, we'd love to speak with you about major gift options. Learn more.
    • Donor information is current as of June 30, 2020. If you donated to The 19th before June 30 and do not see your name listed here, please email [email protected] to verify your information.
    • $1,000,000 and above Kathryn Murdoch/Quadrivium Rockefeller Philanthropy Advisors' Collaborative for Gender + Reproductive Equity $250,000 - $999,999 Arnold Ventures Barbara and Amos Hostetter Craig Newmark Philanthropies Ford Foundation Pivotal Ventures $100,000 - $249,999 Abigail Disney Bobbie Nau Carnegie Corporation of New York Emerson Collective Erin and John Thornton Harman-Mayes-Sooch Family Fund Kadima Foundation Katy Bettner Knight Foundation Lynn and Tom Meredith Lynne Dobson Michelle Mercer and Bruce Golden Packard Foundation Pam Ryan Rachael and Richard Wells Randa Duncan Williams Ruth Ann Harnisch Scorpio Rising Fund/Susan and Nicholas Pritzker Stardust Fund The Impact Seat $25,000 - $99,999 Abby Winkelried Abigail Seldin Amanda Bennett Amy Griffin Amy Rudy Barbara Lee Family Foundation Boone Family Foundation Good Words Foundation Lisa Blau Mellie Price Meryl Metni/Ubiquitous Entertainment Group Nion McEvoy and Leslie Berriman Rusty Kelley Serena Connelly Sherry and Gerald Merfish Simone Otus Coxe Susan McCaw Susan Sawyers
  • About The 19th* | The 19th
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    • Fri, 14 Aug 2020 19:08
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    • A century ago, the 19th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution made voting, our country's most fundamental mode of civic participation, a right regardless of gender. But this watershed moment in our democracy excluded millions of women, including women of color, from the ballot box for generations. The reality is suffrage remains a work in progress for many in this country, particularly women living in states where voter suppression exists and tens of thousands of transgender Americans who face barriers to voting.
    • Today, women make up more than half of the American electorate and are more engaged than ever in our politics '-- marching on state capitols, voting at higher rates than men, and running for local office and seeking the presidency in record numbers. Yet they remain underrepresented in government and in the nation's executive ranks. Women and gender diverse people are also underrepresented in politics and policy journalism and in newsroom leadership, which influences what stories are told, how the news is covered and whose voices are elevated.
    • 73.7 million
    • Number of women who voted in 2016 '-- nearly 10 million more than men
    • 23.7%
    • Seats in Congress held by women in 2020
    • 7.4%
    • Percentage of state legislators who are women of color
    • 378,000
    • Number of transgender people who could be turned away at the polls in 2020 because they lack an ID to vote
    • In short: The 19th Amendment remains unfinished business, a fact we acknowledge in our logo with an asterisk '-- a visible reminder of those who have been omitted from our democracy. The expansion of the franchise continues today, and The 19th aims to capture this ongoing American story.
    • Our goal is to empower those we serve '-- particularly women, people of color, and those historically underserved by American media '-- with the information, resources and community they need to be equal participants in our democracy. We will do this through:
    • Free-to-consume and free-to-republish journalism that reimagines politics and policy coverage through a gender lens.Deep-dive, evidence-based reporting that exposes gender inequity and injustice, and reveals surprising and original stories on the issues that most deeply affect women's lives, from health care to the economy.A digital platform for civil conversations and community building, and national events that bring our readers into direct contact with their elected officials.A newsroom that reflects the racial, ideological, socioeconomic and gender diversity of American voters, and is devoted to covering everyone with empathy.Here's what you won't find at The 19th: Cheap shots or cheerleading. Opinion or false equivalency. Partisanship. Horse-race politics. Turn-of-the-screw stories. Clickbait. (Sorry, not sorry.)
    • How We're FundedThe 19th is a nonprofit newsroom supported by a mix of membership, philanthropy and corporate underwriting. Our goal is long-term sustainability to support a lasting future for news and information at the intersection of gender, politics and policy.
    • All of the money we raise goes back into our journalism '-- and we list all donors and corporate sponsors who've given $1,000 or more on our website. Any donor or sponsor at this level who's mentioned in a story will be identified in that story.
    • Donors and sponsors don't get a thumb on the scale; they play no role in our journalism, in our storytelling or in the planning and execution of our events.
    • Our ValuesThe 19th aims to be a source of news and information for all women, with a special emphasis on those who have been underserved by and underrepresented in American media. Among our values:
    • Our reporting will be rooted in facts, data, evidence and excellence. It will be nonpartisan, but won't peddle both sides-ism. It will aim to advance human rights, civil rights, racial justice and gender equity through storytelling that exposes disparities and empathizes with the lived experiences of those we cover. Our journalism '-- and our staff '-- will strive to reflect the nation's racial, ideological, socioeconomic and gender diversity.Our readers will be our community; we don't believe in one-way conversations, and engaging with our audience is in our DNA. We believe in constructive and civil dialogue '-- and that kindness is the best starting point. Finally, we'll be transparent: Our readers deserve to know how our journalism is funded and who's supporting our work.Our Team Emily Ramshaw is our co-founder and CEO. She was previously editor-in-chief of the Texas Tribune, an award-winning nonpartisan digital news startup. She serves on the board of the Pulitzer Prize.
    • Amanda Zamora is our co-founder and publisher. She spent nearly two decades as a digital editor, product manager and audience strategist at newsrooms including the Texas Tribune, ProPublica and The Washington Post.
    • Andrea Valdez is our editor in chief. Previously she served as editor in chief of the Texas Observer, editor of WIRED.com and editor of Texas Monthly's website. She wrote the book ''How to be a Texan: The Manual.''
    • Errin Haines is our editor-at-large. An award-winning journalist with nearly two decades of experience, Errin was previously national writer on race for the Associated Press. She's also worked at the Los Angeles Times and the Washington Post.
    • Johanna Derlega is our chief revenue officer. She previously oversaw revenue efforts, events and marketing as publisher of The Hill and senior vice president at National Journal. Most recently, she launched the consultancy Broad Branch Strategies.
    • Our Board of DirectorsJessica Lessin (Board Chair)Founder & CEO, The Information
    • Sarah AdlerEntrepreneur-in-Residence at The New York Times, Co-Founder of Spoon University
    • Daisy Auger-DominguezChief People Officer, VICE Media Group
    • Katy Drake BettnerCo-Founder, Playful Corp, and Producer, BetRed Stories
    • Liliana Garcia-Pati±oHost and Producer, Univision Radio Network
    • Margaret HooverHost of PBS' ''Firing Line with Margaret Hoover''
    • Susan McPhersonFounder and CEO, McPherson Strategies
    • Kathryn MurdochCo-Founder and President of the Quadrivium Foundation
    • Craig NewmarkWeb Pioneer, Philanthropist, Activist
    • Mi-Ai ParrishManaging Director, ASU Media Enterprise, and Professor, Cronkite School of Journalism
    • Lydia PolgreenHead of Content, Gimlet
    • Tasneem RajaEditor-in-Chief, The Oaklandside
    • Jessica ShortallManaging Director, Texas Competes & America Competes
    • John ThorntonPartner, Elsewhere Partners, and Co-Founder, American Journalism Project
    • Ann Walker MarchantCEO, the Walker Marchant Group

• Clips
  • 22. B - Kamala Harris Is Black and Qualified! 1.mp3
  • 23. B - TBC27 - Karen Hunter - F%ck Mike Bloomberg! BUT..........(Lurie Daniel Favors).mp3
  • 24. B - Kamala Harris Joy Reid And The Juneteenth Hustle 1.mp3
  • 25. B - Kamala Harris Is Black and Qualified! 2.mp3
  • 26. B - Kamala’s .... Roots Are Good... For Biden Flagrant 2 with Andrew Schulz and Akaash Singh 1.mp3
  • 27. B -TBC02 - Claiming seats at the table 2.mp3
  • 28. B - The 19th Represents keynote conversation with Sen. Kamala Harris 1.mp3
  • 29. B -TBC18 - Does Kamala Harris support reparations for Black Americans 1.mp3
  • 30.. What is MFAC explained (DONATION)..mp3
  • 31. C -TBC21 - 'This Is A Gender War,' Says Donny Deutsch Morning Joe MSNBC 1.mp3
  • 32. C - Karen Hunter On The Black Male Vote (2020) 1.mp3
  • 33. C - Karen Hunter On The Black Male Vote (2020) 2.mp3
  • 34. C- TBC06 - The Conspiracy to Destroy Black Boys 1.2.mp3
  • 35. C - Angela Stanton On Sharing Trump’s Policies, Pro-Life, Gender Dysphoria + Rebuilding Black America.mp3
  • 36. C - Angela Stanton On Sharing Trump’s Policies, Pro-Life, Gender Dysphoria + Rebuilding Black America 2.mp3
  • 02. A -What’s Behind The Push To Get Kanye West On The Presidential Ballot In 2020 - Day That Was MSNBC 1.mp3
  • 03. A -What’s Behind The Push To Get Kanye West On The Presidential Ballot In 2020 - Day That Was MSNBC 2.mp3
  • 04. A- Kanye West met with Kushner as rapper eyes 2020 election spot 1.mp3
  • 05. A- Kanye West met with Kushner as rapper eyes 2020 election spot 2.mp3
  • 06. A -D.L. Hughley Kanye & Terry Crews Need a Room at the Same Mental Asylum (Part 7).mp3
  • 07. A - D.L. Hughley on COVID-19 Recovery and Kanye's Run for President The View 1.mp3
  • 08. A -Kanye is a Genius! Aida Rodriguez Makes the Case.mp3
  • 09. A -TBC13 - Kanye Can't be silenced 4.mp3
  • 10. A - BLACK BUCK BREAKING 2.0.mp3
  • 11. A- Tucker Most compelling voice against abortion is Kanye West 1.mp3
  • 12. A- Tucker Most compelling voice against abortion is Kanye West 2.mp3
  • 13. A - Kanye West, Trump's Secretary Of Dragon Energy 1.mp3
  • 14. A - Decoding the Serpent Power An Exploration of Kundalini and Tummo from the Frontiers of Science 1.mp3
  • 15. B - Krystal and Saagar REACT Biden Picks Harris As VP, Reliving Her WORST Moments From Campaign Trail 1.mp3
  • 16. B -TBC38 - Washington Post - Opinion Biden, you need black women voters. This is how to win them (snippet).mp3
  • 17. B - Kamala Harris is Biden's VP Pick 1.mp3
  • 18. B - Biden Pick His VP -- KAMALA Is A Cop! 1.mp3
  • 19. B - Biden Pick His VP -- KAMALA Is A Cop! 2.mp3
  • 20. B -TCB18 - MSNBC Attacks Black Voters For Not Voting Democrat! 2.mp3
  • 21. B - Kamala Harris' Prosecutors Sent This Innocent Man to Prison 1.mp3

• Music in this Episode
  • Intro: Mase - Welcome Back
  • Outro: Bill Wither - Use me

• ShowNotes Archive

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